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PSY100 > EXAM 4 > Flashcards

EXAM 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What is personality?

A

The set of characteristics an individual possesses that influence his or her thinking/behavior

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2
Q

What are some themes and debates within personality psychology?

A

Nature of differences, description vs explanation, biological processes, stability vs change over time

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3
Q

What is phrenology?

A

Bumps on the head indicate domincate brain regions

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4
Q

What did Freud base his model upon?

A

Mind/mental process (Psychodynamic)

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5
Q

What are the structures of Freud?

A

ID - only structure there at birth, basic drives/desires
EGO - manages ID impulses within reality
SUPEREGO - interalized moral standards of society, and values of parents/authority

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6
Q

Name the Freudian defense mechanisms

A

Rationalization, repression, projection, displacement, sublimination, reaction formation, regression, and denial

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7
Q

What are the stages of the conflict of libido?

A

Oral stage (0-2 years): mouth pleasure from suck/bite
Anal stage (2-3 years): anus pleasure from retaining/expelling
Phallic stage (3-6 years): Genitals, direct libido towards opposite sex parent, see same sex parent as rival
Latency stage (6-12): not much, focusing on same sex friendships
Genital stage (12+) back to genitals, developing mature adult relationships

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8
Q

What is Freud’s legacy?

A

Psychological processes are complex, important processes are unconscious, early childhood development is critical for personality, behavior is a means of regulating internal states

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9
Q

What did Eysenck say about personality?

A

Personality theory should be scientific/connect with other fields, extraversion - sociable, outgoing vs shy/reserved VERSUS Neuroticisim - emotionally unstable vs stable

TWO DIMENSIONS

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10
Q

What is factor analysis?

A

Statisical tool used to find underlying/basic dimensions in data

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11
Q

What are the Big Five (Five Factor Model)?

A

Openness, Conscientious, Extroversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism

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12
Q

What is TITP?

A

Ten Item Personality Inventory, rating how much you see yourself on 1-10 which determiens your OCEAN

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13
Q

What is environmentality?

A

Personality variance according environmental variance

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14
Q

Where does the control of outcomes reside?

A

Internal locus: Perceieve themselves to be in control of whether they get reinforced for efforts
External locus: Percieve reinforcements as chance/luck

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15
Q

What is self efficacy?

A

The general belief that one s capable and can see and master a situation

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16
Q

Fundamental Attribution Error

A

The tendancy to attribute the behavior of others to internal, stable factors (comic)

17
Q

What is the actor observer bias?

A

When we over-attribute the role of interal causes for other people AND the role of situational causes for us

18
Q

What is the self serving bias?

A

When over-attribute internal causes to do good things

19
Q

What is cognitive dissonance?

A

Uncomfortable congnitive state that arises when you hold conflicting beliefs

20
Q

What is a stereotype?

A

The perception that people in a partcular set of characteristics

21
Q

What is a prejudice?

A

An unfavorable stereotype of a group of people

22
Q

What is descrimination?

A

Putting a person at a disadvantage because they are in a particular group

23
Q

What is stereotype threat?

A

Exposure to negative stereotype causes group members to perform worse

24
Q

What are some important group influences?

A

Chameleon effect - mimicking group behavior
Deinvididuation - take on characteristics/behaviors of group
Groupthink: when need for group cohesion overrides rational decision

25
Q

What do you ask before deciding if a behavior is normal or unusual?

A

Content (what?)
Context (when and where?)
Consequences of behavior

26
Q

Strengths and weaknesses of medical model

A

Useful for identifying single cause of disease, and classification, however for most there is not a single cause of a disorder

27
Q

What are some concerns about DSM-5

A

Turning normal behavior into pathology and disorders create stigmas

28
Q

What is mood?

A

Prolonged emotional state that colors person’s thoughts/behaviors

29
Q

Difference between unipolar and bipolar depression

A

Alternates with normal state, while depressive period cluctuate

30
Q

How does one treat depression/BPD?

A

Antidepressants and Mood stabilizers

31
Q

What is schizophrenia?

A

Auditory hallucinations, delusions, diorganized behavior, etc

PSY100 (6 decks)

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