Exam 4

Question 1

large animals’ adaptation of lungs & digestive tract

Answer 1

branching and folds

Question 2

larger cells have ____ surface area per unit of volume

Answer 2

less

Question 3

characteristic of nervous signals

Answer 3

travel quickly

Question 4

all animals have most cells in…

Answer 4

aqueous medium

Question 5

does an elephant or mouse cool down faster?

Answer 5

mouse

Question 6

metabolic rate

Answer 6

amount of energy used by an animal in a given time

Question 7

advantage of an animal that conforms to temperature

Answer 7

spends less energy regulating internal temp

Question 8

bacteria in salt

Answer 8

conformation

Question 9

salmon in freshwater and saltwater

Answer 9

acclimatization

Question 10

ectotherm more likely to survive in a cool environment without food because..

Answer 10

it invests little energy in temperature regulation

Question 11

brown fat involved in…

Answer 11

nonshivering thermogenesis

Question 12

basis for brown fat adaptation in small mammals

Answer 12

large surface area to volume ratio

heat loss is higher

Question 13

snakes are more active in summer because…

Answer 13

they gain body heat via conduction

Question 14

SMR and BMR both measured…

Answer 14

in resting and fasting state

Question 15

allows small animals to survive absence of food resources

Answer 15

torpor

Question 16

animals that migrate obtain greatest energy benefit from…

Answer 16

storing energy as fat

Question 17

required for digesting macromolecules

Answer 17

enzymatic hydrolysis

Question 18

importance of salivary mucus

Answer 18

includes glycoproteins that lubricate food

Question 19

long cecum found in…

Answer 19

herbivores

Question 20

function of secretin

Answer 20

increases flow of bicarb from pancreas

Question 21

distinguishes animal heterotrophy from fungal heterotrophy

Answer 21

animals ingest food

Question 22

all animals have in common

Answer 22

Hox genes

Question 23

mesoderm does NOT give rise to…

Answer 23

nervous system

Question 24

most variation among protostomes

Answer 24

type of coelom

Question 25

muscle activity of GI tract distorts body

Answer 25

acoelomates

Question 26

sponges have no…

Answer 26

true tissues

Question 27

difference between a coelom and a pseudocoelom

Answer 27

developmental origin

Question 28

identical offspring implies…

Answer 28

radial & indeterminate cleavage

Question 29

6 types of connective tissues

Answer 29

* loose * fibrous * bone * adipose * blood * cartilage

Question 30

endothermic animals

Answer 30

generate heat by metabolism

Question 31

ectothermic animals

Answer 31

gain heat from external sources conformers

Question 32

4 types of heat exchange

Answer 32

radiation - ie from the sun evaporation - ie sweating convection - ie breeze conduction - ie warm rock

Question 33

bioenergetics

Answer 33

overall flow and transformation of energy in an animal

Question 34

\_\_\_\_ energy is taken in than used

Answer 34

more

Question 35

BMR is for \_\_\_\_\_ SMR is for\_\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 35

endotherms ectotherms

Question 36

estivation

Answer 36

summer torpor

Question 37

long term torpor

Answer 37

hiberation

Question 38

\_\_\_ essential vitamins for humans

Answer 38

13

Question 39

digestion via phagocytosis and lysosomes

Answer 39

intracellular

Question 40

exclusively uses intracellular digestion

Answer 40

sponges

Question 41

most animals have a ____ stage and a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 41

larval metamorphosis

Question 42

highly conserved among all animals

Answer 42

Hox genes

Question 43

symmetry like a circle

Answer 43

radial

Question 44

sessile

Answer 44

attached to something

Question 45

planktonic

Answer 45

drifting

Question 46

tend to have a CNS

Answer 46

bilaterally symmetrical animals

Question 47

diploblastic

Answer 47

only endoderm and ectoderm

Question 48

triploblastic

Answer 48

includes mesoderm

Question 49

derived from mesoderm

Answer 49

coelom

Question 50

traits of protostomes

Answer 50

* spiral & determinate cleavage * coelom from solid masses of mesoderm * blastopore becomes mouth

Question 51

traits of deuterostomes

Answer 51

* radial and indeterminate cleavage * coelom from mesoderm budding off wall of archenteron * blastopore becomes anus

Question 52

common ancestor of animals

Answer 52

ancestral protist

Question 53

“true animals”

Answer 53

eumetazoa

Question 54

3 clades in bilatera

Answer 54

* deuterostomia * ecdysozoa * lophotrochozoa

Question 55

clade including chordates

Answer 55

deuterostomia

Question 56

secrete external skeletons

Answer 56

ecdysoza

Question 57

shedding of exoskeleton

Answer 57

ecdysis

Question 58

includes lophophores & those with trophophore larva

Answer 58

lophotrochozoa