Exam 4 Flashcards
3 types of avgas and color
Which is most common?
AVGAS 100/130 - Green
AVGAS 100LL - Blue
AVGAS 82UL - Purple
Avgas 100LL
Concerns when operating with MOGAS
Cannot contain alcohol
More prone to vapour lock
Lower octane than Avgas - Detonation may occur
Mogas changes based on season and geography
May leave gum residue
Why do we add additives like prist to jet fuel?
Anti incing properties
Microbiocidal effects
Five basic requirements of fuel system?
Stores fuel System delivers fuel to all engines Delivers correct amount of fuel at correct pressure Deliver clean fuel Quantity indication
Advantages / disadvantages of Rigid fuel tank
Strong, little spills
Requires large opening / area
Advantages / disadvantages of fuel cells (bladders)
Collapsible, fits in small places
Must be protected from sharp edges, structure supports weight of cell
Advantages / disadvantages of integral tanks
USes exisitng space, maximize fuel volume for a given space, less weight to add
HArd to seal and maintain, cannot be replaced
At a minimum, what is labelled on a fuel tank?
Quantity and type of fuel
A scupper is used to
dump overfilled fuel overboard in case of overfill
Fuel vents are for what?
Allow air to replace the volume of fuel that leaves tank (fuel flow)
2 basic fuel systems
Gravity fed, pressure fed (pump)
What is used to feed the left tank to the rtight engine?
crossbleed valves
Fuel pumps are driven…
electrically or hydraulically
What are checked everyday to remove contaminants from fuel tanks?
Sump drains
Fuel filters are found in 3 different places
Tanks, Airframe, Engine
Purpose of fuel filter screens?
To remove sediment or water
All fuel systems must have what at the firewall?
Shutoff valve
Whats the lowest point in a tank?
The sump
Fuel valves are used to
Accomodate fuel flow demands
Control fuel flow direction
4 types of fuel valves
Poppet
Cone
Disc
Slide or gate
What precautions must be dtaken when refueling aircraft?
No smoking Ground nozzle before opening fuel cap Bond truck and aircraft Ground aircraft Have fire protection ready Ground truck Refuel outside for fumes Use filters when fuelling from drums Avoid skin contact Use proper PPE
How is engine oil rated?
Viscosity and type
Octane number
What PPE should be worn when servicing waste systems?
GLoves, mask, aprons, coveralls, goggles
What precautions are taken when servicing engine oil?
Fill per manufacturers instructions
USe same oil type to replensish
Do not overfill engines with oil
Engine oil will show low when first run
What should be done if grease won’t go into a Zirk fitting?
The fitting should be removed and inspected for blockage
Incorrect use of aircraft cleaners could cause
Hydrogen embrittlement
Flexible cables include
7x7
6x19
7x19
Non flexible cables include
1x7
1x19
cables are made of either
Galvanized or stainless steel
Control systems can use what 3 things to transmit force
Pulleys
Bellcranks
Fairleads
Cable connections: 3 types
Swage
Nicopress leeve
Bridle clamps
5 main criteria to consider when rigging flight controls?
Cable tension Control surface deflection Pilot control deflection Cable interference Rigging pins
A turnbuckle has both a
Right and left hand thread type
What function do pulleys, fairleads, bellcranks and control horns all have in common?
They are all used to support or control the change of direction of cables
4 things after altering control systems?
Check for broken cables
Pulleys arent cracked or seized
Cable tension
Purpose of artificial feedback?
Pilot can get a sense of input to the hydraulic controls
Why are symmetry checks performed?
Ensures plane is straight
After hard landing
After major structural repair
Fresh out the factory
Describe flight control characteristics as large aircraft speeds up
As aircraft speeds up, control surface input decreases
Lift dump spoilers purpose
Kills lift generated by wing, and apply more weight on wheels when landing
2 devices for aerodynamic stall warnings?
Stick shaker, Stick pusher
4 ways to reduce housekeeping
Clean as you go
Good housekeeping
Tool shadowing
What is most inportant PPE?
Ear protection
Correct way to approach helicopter?
From the front due to spinning rotors you cant see
List 3 things when tying down aircraft
Lock controls
Wind direction
Little slack in the tie downs
Type of rope for tie downs and type of knot
Nylon or Dacron
Bowline
List 4 safety precautions when doing runs
Propellers can become invisible
Always approach from front with eye contact
25ft away from front
200 ft away from back
First thing to do when taxiing
Brake check
Minimum safe distance from running turbine engines?
25 - 30ft
How many people required for towing?
5 at least
List 6 control tower lights
Green - Good to go Red - stop Flashing green - Flashing red - Flashing white - return to starting point Alternate red / green - extreme caution
