Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

NUR 215 - Fundamentals > Exam 3 Study Guide: Quizlet > Flashcards

Exam 3 Study Guide: Quizlet Flashcards

1
Q

Underweight BMI

A

< 18.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Healthy Weight BMI

A

18.5 - 24.9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Overweight BMI

A

25 - 29.9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Obesity Class 1 BMI

A

30 - 34.9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Obesity Class 2 BMI

A

35 - 39.9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Obesity Class 3 BMI

A

> or = 40

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

how do you measure for an NG tube?

A

measure from nose to ear then to xiphoid process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what two things do you need to do prior to administering a tube feeding?

A

confirm head of bed is elevated at least 30 degrees

check for gastric residual

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the proper order of steps to administer a tube feeding?

A

confirmed placement

patient up in fowlers position (or at least semi fowlers 30 degrees)

administer tube feed

pause feed and evaluate to see how well the patient is tolerating it by checking for residual

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are safety measures when placing an NG tube?

A

have oxygen and suction ready to go during placement

identify patient
- name
- DOB
- allergies

HOB in high fowlers (above 30 degrees)

properly measure the tube prior to placement

make sure supplies are clean but not sterile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

the Mediterranean diet is recommended for which patients? what foods are included?

A

good for heart patients

rich in olive oil, fish, fruits, vegetables, and nuts
low in dairy foods, processed foods, saturated fats and red meat
includes a glass of wine per day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are guidelines for the low cholesterol diet?

A

high fiber foods have been found to lower cholesterol and should be incorporated in the low cholesterol diet (oatmeal)

butter is high in saturated fat and can increase LDL cholesterol
- egg yolks are high in cholesterol and should be limited to 2 - 3 per week (egg whites are okay)
- fried food is high in saturated fat and increases LDL cholesterol

avoiding the harmful fats and eating the healthy ones greatly reduces the risk of stroke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

if a patient starts falling, what do you do?

A

extend your leg between their leg and slide them down it gently

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

if you find a patient that has already fallen, what is the first thing you should do?

A

assess them for injury before trying to get them up or move them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are the concerns with an immobile patient?

A

decreased gi motility/constipation

embolisms

sores and skin breakdown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the trendelenburg position?

A

supine position and HOB is lower than feet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is limb circumduction?

A

movement of the limb, hand, or fingers in a circular pattern, using the sequential combination of flexion, adduction, extension and abduction motions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is the best lab value to assess overall nutrition status?

A

albumin
prealbumin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is a concern with a low blood albumin level?

A

low protein level with subsequent decreased wound healing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what are some potassium rich foods?

A

banana
orange
cantaloupe
spinach
broccoli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are some calcium rich foods?

A

dairy
broccoli
kale
fortified foods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Vitamin C aids with absorption of what mineral?

A

iron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are some signs of malnutrition?

A

brittle and thin nails
weakness
fatigue
dry and scaly skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

when floating the heels, should you place a pillow under the knees?

A

no, it should be under the calves

  • dont want to compress the artery or vein behind knee
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What foods would be included in a pureed diet?
applesauce mashed potatoes puree meats
26
when assessing a patient with malnutrition that was last seen 3 months ago and experienced significant unintentional weight loss. what should you look at/for?
check mouth for sores, missing teeth, loose teeth loss of taste, smell, thirst (age-related)
27
What are the 3 ways to confirm NG tube placement?
chest x-ray air bolus while auscultating stomach monitor gastric pH < 5.5
28
what will be the pH in the stomach versus the lungs?
lungs = 7 or greater stomaach = 0 - 4
29
is an NG tube placement a sterile procedure?
not sterile just a clean procedure
30
how do you find the appropriate length to insert the NG tube?
measure the NG tube from the top of the ear lobe to the tip of the nose and then down to the xiphoid process
31
Before inserting NG tube, what must be checked in the nose and mouth?
make sure patient has gag reflex use penlight to check the nose for polyps or anything unusual or obstruction
32
which nostril is preferred for NG tube placement?
right nares because it's slightly bigger than the left
33
how long is formula good for once it is opened?
formula should be used within 8 - 12 hours unless refrigerated then the formula should be discarded after 24 hours - the formula that has been opened for greater than 24 hours is at increased risk for bacteria growth and could increase the risk for gastrointestinal infection
34
why would a patient be on a mechanical soft diet and what are examples of foods used on this diet?
patients who have difficulty chewing - includes foods that require minimal chewing before swallowing - i.e. egg salad or tuna salad
35
what is one reason to limit chair sitting to one hour?
lower extremity edema
36
what are important interventions for a client sitting in a chair?
limit time to one hour shift weight every 15 min and use a cushion to decrease pressure
37
what are some ways to prevent falls?
nonskid socks proper fitting shoes bed locked and lowered hourly rounding to offer toilet ensure high use items are close by call light within reach two head side rails up bed alarm close to nursing station remove clutter adequate lighting sensory aids in assistive devices being used
38
what side is the cane used on?
the unaffected/strong side
39
what is the 3-point gait?
requires the client to bear all weight on strong leg/side - client moves both crutches with the weak leg forward and then moves the strong leg
40
if you are teaching a client the 3-point gait and they move the strong leg first, is this correct?
no, move weak leg
41
what are some symptoms of DVT?
swelling redness/erythema pain edema warm to touch increased calf circumference
42
what are 2 ways to prevent pressure ulcers? (fill in the blank/written)
- turn the patient every two hours, maintain hydration, keep skin dry, float the heels - alternating a lateral position between the right and left side is best for those at high risk for skin breakdown (HOB less than 30 degrees so it doesnt create additional pressure on the coccyx or other bony prominences) - diet rich in protein and vitamin c - passive range of motion exercises - therapeutic mattress - do not place client in high fowlers
43
when using a wheelchair, what do you make sure you do before a patient gets in or out of it?
lock the wheels
44
What is the movement called when you lift up the arm/shoulder?
circumduction
45
How do you measure residual volume with an NG tube?
use the syringe
46
is a BMI of 23.6 underweight, overweight, or healthy?
healthy
47
what drinks are bad choices for a diabetic patient?
grape juice orange juice
48
when assessing nutritional status of older adults, what are some things you expect to find?
require fewer calories metabolism slows down taste buds change sensation for thirst decreases
49
what are good sources of fiber?
grains oatmeal beans veggies - not white rice, not waffles, not rice like cereal
50
what can you do to reduce compression of the leg veins?
should not place pillow under the knees - you should also not cross legs, sit for long periods, wear restrictive clothing on the lower extremities, or massage legs - you should instead, teach client techniques to promote venous return
51
what is involved in active ROM?
completing the full ROM of joints and is performed by the client independently such as foot circles, ankle pumps, and knee flexion
52
causes skeletal muscle contractions which promote blood return
ROM Exercises
53
What is involved in passive ROM?
when someone else does the exercises for the client - nurse assisting would be passive ROM
54
what are isometric exercise and an example?
tightening and then relaxing muscle is an isometric exercise arms against resistance are isotonic exercises
55
describe the four-point gait
client alternates each leg with the opposite crutch so 3 points of support are on the floor at all times (four separate points of contact)
56
describe the two-point gait
client has partial weight bearing on both feet - the client moves a crutch while moving the oppostie leg at the same time to mirror movements of normal arm and leg motion during walking
57
how do you determine what size anti-embolism stocking to use?
use a tape measure - measure the calf and or thigh circumference and the length of the leg
58
what are the therapeutic effects cold therapy?
decreasing pain by decreasing the velocity of nerve conduction, inflammation, muscle spasms, swelling and fever
59
what are the therapeutic effects of hot therapy?
increases tissue metabolism, blood flow, muscle relaxation, joint stiffness and pain
60
client supine with head of bed elevated 45 - 60 degrees allows for better ventilation
Fowlers
61
bed is tilted with the HOB lower than the foot of the bed facilitates postural drainage and venous return
Trendelenburg
62
which bed position is best for a client receiving enteral tube feedings due to dyphagia?
semi-fowlers the elevation of 15 - 45 degrees prevents aspiration and regurgitation
63
what are foods that would be acceptable on a clear liquid diet?
liquids that leave little residue - clear fruit juices gelatin broth
64
what are foods that would be acceptable on a full liquid diet?
milk ice cream juices with pulp-like orange juice tomato juice
65
what does AAT stand for and how do you know when to perform this?
Advance and Tolerated - assessment is the first step - done after surgery - the nurse should assess bowel sounds before advancing the diet from NPO (stomach might not be ready) - once the client can handle clear liquids, then you can move them to full liquid diet and so on
66
what type of foods should make up the majority of foods consumed by diabetics?
complex carbohydrates - such as whole grains, fruits and vegetables
67
what are benefits of a high fiber diet and examples of high fiber food?
- bulk stools to increase peristalsis and prevent constipation - hydration is important - oatmeal and beans are good sources of fibers
68
what foods are high in iron?
oranges poultry fish meat grains legumes
69
What vitamin aids in iron absorption?
Vitamin C increase the absorption of iron
70
what level of LDLs place a client at risk for cardiovascular disease?
LDL > 100 - risk for hypertension and heart disease
71
What is the ideal level of HDL for protection?
HDL > 40 - offer protection
72
what are major sources of calcium?
dairy broccoli kale fortified grains
73
which vitamins are fat soluble and what is the risk of overconsumption?
A, D, K, and E - can buildup in the body
74
what increases the need for vitamin C?
stress illness disease
75
what are the major functions of vitamin K?
Vitamin K = Blood Clotting
76
what are major functions of vitamin A?
Vitamin A = Vision
77
what are the major functions and normal lab values of magnesium?
bone formation smooth muscle relaxation 1.3 - 2.1 mEq/L
78
What are the major functions and normal lab values of potassium?
fluid volume inside cells muscle contraction 3.5 - 5 mEq/L
79
what are the major functions and normal lab values of calcium?
bones/teeth formation BP blood clotting nerve transmission 9 - 10.5 mg/dL
80
What are the major functions and normal lab values of sodium?
maintain fluid volume muscle contraction nerve impulses 136 - 145 mEq/L

NUR 215 - Fundamentals (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions