Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

spring 2024 > exam 3 slhs > Flashcards

exam 3 slhs Flashcards

1
Q

what percent of adults report dysphagia?

A

4%, 1 in 25

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

apraxia

A

speech disorder that results from an impairment in motor planning and programming for speech

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

dysarthria

A

speech disorder resulting from weakness, paralysis, or incoordination of the speech production muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

role of respiratory system in speech production

A

energy source

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

role of laryngeal system in speech production

A

voicing/phonation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

role of articulatory/resonance system in speech production

A

manipulate sounds to produce specific phonemes (articulation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

direct activation pathway

A

one synapse between UMN and LMN. facilitates motor program (STARTS movement)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

indirect activation pathway

A

multiple synapse between UMN and LMN. inhibits motor programs (STOPS movement)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

role of basal ganglia in speech production

A

direct activation pathway and indirect activatin pathway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

role of cerebellum control circuit in speech production

A

fine tuning of movements
aids in timing/force of movements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

is apraxia always consistent in errors?

A

NO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

trigeminal V cranial nerve

A

pain and touch sensation of the face
anterior 2/3 tongue
motor and sensory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

facial VII nerve

A

motor to muscles of facial expression
taste in anteror 2/3 tongue
motor and sensory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

glossopharyngeal IX

A

sensation from palate
posterior 1/3 tongue
motor to stylopharyngeus muscle
motor and sensory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

vagus X

A

sensation from pharynx, larynx
taste from epiglottis and pharynx
motor to larynx, pharynx, soft palate
motor and sensory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

spinal accessory XI

A

motor to strap muscles of the neck
motor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

hypoglossal

A

motor to tongue
motor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

how many typically developing children report dysphagia?

A

25-50%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

how many children with developmental disorders have dysphagia?

A

33-80%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

four stages of swallowing

A

oral preparatory
oral transport
pharyngeal
esophageal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

bolus

A

a cohesive mass of food that has been chewed and ready to be swallowed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

penetration

A

food/liquids fall into the larynx, but remain above the vocal folds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

aspiration

A

food/liquids fall below the level of the vocal folds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

residue

A

food/liquid left in the oral cavity or pharynx after the swallow is completed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

backflow

A

food/liquid moving backward in the system (from esophagus to phraynx to oral cavity)

26
Q

evaluation steps for dysphagia

A

screening
bedside assessment
further evalution such as VFFS or FEES

27
Q

video fluoroscopic assessment (VFFS)

A

real-time x-ray video of swallowing

28
Q

flexible endoscope evaluation of swallowing (FEES)

A

flexible endoscope through nose
direct visualization of anatomy

29
Q

strategies to manage dysphagia

A

behavioral: compensatory, rehabilitation
medical/surgical

30
Q

what percent of the us has hearing loss?

A

20%

31
Q

what is the threshold at which someone is considered deaf

A

90 db

32
Q

conductive hearing loss

A

damage to outer and middle ear
usually medically treatable

33
Q

sensorineural hearing loss

A

damage to inner ear
usually not directly treatable

34
Q

otoscope

A

small device used to examine ear drum and ear canal
early step in assessment

35
Q

audiometer

A

Specialized piece of equipment which contains controls that allows audiologist to select, manipulate, and present various stimuli, such as tone and speech, to assess hearing

36
Q

tymponameter

A

checks for signs of problems with the middle ear

37
Q

vestibulocochlear nerve

A

Responsible for the senses of hearing (via cochlear nerve) and balance (via vestibular nerve)

38
Q

hearing deficits that hearing aids address

A

decreased audibility
decreased dynamic range
abnormal loudness growth
decreased frequency resolution

39
Q

five components of hearing aid

A

microphone
digital signal processor
amplifier
receiver
battery

40
Q

what cues do cochlear implant users rely on to understand speech?

A

envelope cues

41
Q

external components of cochlear implants (6)

A

microphones
sound processor
coil cable
coil
magnet
battery module

42
Q

internal components of cochlear implants (3)

A

internal magnet
receiver
Electrode array (number, type, configuration)

43
Q

examples of hearing assistive technologies (HAT)

A

large area induction loops
FM system
bluetooth

44
Q

Meniere’s disease

A

episodes of severe spinning vertigo lasting 30 minutes or longer for most patients
often accompanied by **roaring or other flunctuating noise **in one ear/or a sense of fullness in the affected ear

45
Q

what is benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

A

more common inner ear dizziness
typically easily treated, but can reoccur
tiny calcium deposits get lodged in the wrong part of the inner ear

46
Q

nystagmus

A

vision condition in which the eyes make repetitive, uncontrolled movements, often resulting in blurred visions, particularly with head movements
both eyes cannot hold steady on objects being viewed

47
Q

gold standard for vestibular dysfunction

A

ocular motor testing
positional/positioning tests
caloric testing

48
Q

how many americans are unable to use speech to express wants/needs?

A

4 million

49
Q

what is augmentative and alternative communication (AAC)?

A

compensates for temporary or permanent impairments, activity limitations, and participation restrictions of persons with severe disorders of speech-language production or comprehension

50
Q

direct selection AAC

A

a way to access a message in which the AAC user indicates his choice by using a body part

51
Q

scanning AAC

A

message selection technique in which terms are presented sequentially for an individual who cannot use direct selection
can’t use body parts

52
Q

iconicity/transparent signs AAC

A

describes how much symbols readily depict their referents (how much they look like what they are suppsed to)

53
Q

opaque AAC

A

used to describe symbols in which there is little or no visual relationship to their referents (they don’t look like what they are supposed to)

54
Q

signs

A

gestures that have been FORMALIZED. consist of rules regarding form and use
ASL

55
Q

gestures

A

NO conventional constraints. concrete, no rules

56
Q

FM system

A

Uses a frequency-modulated or radio-frequency signal (covers long
distances) to transmit the sound source via conventional radio frequencies (channels) and FM receiver coupled to a speaker, headphone, or BTE device

Transmitter & receiver must be on the same channel

57
Q

parts of HAT

A

receive sound source from microphone or electrical connection
transmit signal
couple (receives signal and output to the ear)
transceiver devices (receive/transmit)

58
Q

why do we need compression for hearing aids to work?

A

increases:
dynamic range
loudness growth of sounds

59
Q

poor air conduction and bone conduction

A

conductive HL

60
Q

bedside assessment - dysphagia

A

case history information
assessment of anatomy and physiology of head and neck and general health status
assessment of quick cognition and communication
food trials at the bedside

61
Q

aspiration

A

when food enters the lungs

spring 2024 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions