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Health Assessment > Exam 3-skin > Flashcards

Exam 3-skin Flashcards

1
Q

What are the primary skin lesions?

A 
macule
patch
papule
plaque
pustule
cyst
vesicle
bullae
nodule
tumor
wheal
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2
Q

Flat, nonpalpable

Smaller than 1 cm

A

macule (PL)

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3
Q

freckles, flat moles, measles, petechiae

A

examples of macules

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4
Q

flat, nonpalpable

larger than 1 cm

A

patch (PL)

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5
Q 
vitiligo
Mongolian spot
port-wine stains
cholasama
café au lait
A

examples of a patch

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6
Q

elevated, solid, palpable

smaller than 0.5 cm

A

papule (PL)

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7
Q

elevated moles
warts
insect bites (bed bugs)
lichens planus

A

examples of papule

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8
Q

groups of papule’s

larger than 5cm

A

plaque (PL)

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9
Q

Psoriasis
seborrheic and actinic keratosis
Lichen planus

A

Examples of a plaque

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10
Q

elevated, pus-filled vesicle or bullae, size varies

A

Pustule (PL)

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11
Q

elevated, encapsulated, fluid-or semisolid-filled, or solid mass in dermis or subQ layers, 1 cm or larger

A

Cyst (PL)

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12
Q

Examples of a cyst

A

sebaceous cyst
epidermoid cyst
acne

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13
Q

elevated, fluid-filled, round or oval-shaped with thin, translucent walls, smaller than 0.5cm

A

Vesicle (PL)

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14
Q

Examples of a vesicle

A

herpes simplex or zoster
early chicken pox
poison ivy
small burn blister

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15
Q

Elevated, fluid-filled, round or oval-shaped with thin, translucent walls
larger than 0.5-1cm

A

Bullae (PL)

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16
Q

Examples of a Bullae

A

contact dermatitis
friction or fracture blister
large burn blister
pemphigus vulgaris

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17
Q

What does a Nodule (PL) look like?

A

elevated, solid, hard or soft, palpable mass deeper in the dermis
smaller than 2 cm

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18
Q

Examples of a nodule

A 
small lipoma
squamous cell carcinoma
fibroma
nevi
erythema nodosum
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19
Q

What does a tumor (PL) look like?

A

elevated, solid, hard or soft, palpable mass deeper in the dermis with irregular borders
larger than 2 cm

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20
Q

Examples of a tumor

A

lipomas
carcinoma
hemangioma
benign tumor

21
Q

What does a wheal (PL) look like?

A

elevated, often reddish area with irregular borders caused by diffuse fluid in tissues (cutaneous edema)
size varies

22
Q

Examples of a wheal

A

insect bites
hives (urticarial)
allergic reaction

23
Q

What are secondary skin lesions?

A 
Atrophy
Excoriation
Keloid
Scale
Crust
Fissure
Lichenification
Scar
Ulcer
24
Q

How would you describe atrophy (SL)?

A

thinning or wasting of skin due to loss of collagen and elastin

25
Q

Example of atrophy

A

PUPPP Rash
striae
aged skin

26
Q

How would you describe excoriation(SL)?

A

absence of superficial epidermis, causing a moist, shallow depression

27
Q

Example of excoriation

A

abrasion
scratch marks
scabies

28
Q

How would you describe a Keloid (SL)?

A

Elevated area of excessive scar tissue that extends beyond the site of original injury (caused by excessive collagen formation during healing)

29
Q

Example of keloid

A

folliculitis barbae

can happen from ear piercing or following surgery

30
Q

How would you describe a scale (SL)?

A

Flakes of greasy keratinized skin tissue
May be white, gray, or silver
Texture may be fine or thick
Varies in size

31
Q

Example of scale

A

dry skin
dandruff
psoriasis
eczema

32
Q

How would you describe a crust (SL)?

A

Dried blood, serum, or pus on the epidermis from ruptured vesicles or pustules
Slightly elevated
May be red, brown, orange, or yellow
Size varies

33
Q

Examples of crust

A

Eczema
Impetigo
Herpes
Scabs following an abrasion Early Impetigo

34
Q

How would you describe fissure (SL)?

A

Linear crack or break with sharp edges extending into the dermis
May be moist or dry

35
Q

Examples of fissure

A

Cracks at corner of the mouth, on the fingers, or feet (athlete’s foot)

36
Q

How would you describe Lichenification (SL)?

A

A rough, thickened, hardened area of the epidermis resulting from chronic irritation such as scratching or rubbing (often involves flexor surfaces)

37
Q

Example of Lichenification

A

chronic dermatitis

38
Q

Scars and ulcers are what type of lesions?

A

Secondary

39
Q

How does skin type I react to the sun?

A

always burns easily (painful), tans little to none and peels

40
Q

How does skin type II react to the sun?

A

burns easily (painful), tans minimal or light, peels

41
Q

How does skin type III react to the sun?

A

burns moderately; average tan

42
Q

How does skin type IV react to the sun?

A

minimal burn, tans easily, exhibits IPD reaction

43
Q

How does skin type V react to the sun?

A

rarely burns, easily tans, always exhibits IPD reaction

44
Q

How does skin type VI react to the sun?

A

never burns, tans profusely, exhibits IPD reaction

45
Q

What are the 3 layers of skin from outermost layer to innermost layer?

A

Epidermis
Dermis
Hypodermis

46
Q

What does the ABCDE stand for in melanoma assessment?

A 
Asymmetry
Border irregularity
Color variations
Diameter
Evolving
47
Q

Which layer of skin acts as the protective barrier?

A

Epidermis

48
Q

Which layer of the skin helps support the skin’s structural integrity, protects the body from mechanical injury, and aids in thermal regulation?

A

Dermis

49
Q

Which layer of skin helps insulate the body from cold temps, cushions deep tissues from blunt trauma, and serves as a reserve source of energy for the body?

A

Hypodermis or Sub Q layer

Health Assessment (3 decks)

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