Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physical Diagnosis > Exam 3 Review > Flashcards

Exam 3 Review Flashcards

1
Q

sternal angle is at rib __

A

rib 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

inferior wing of scapula is at rib __

A

rib 7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

lung boundaries

A

superiorly: 3-4 cm above medial end of clavicle
inferiorly:
- midclavicular line: rib 6
- midaxillary line: rib 8
- posterior: T9 and T12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

important things at the sternal angle of Louis

A
  1. rib 2
  2. bifurcation of trachea
  3. carina
  4. T4
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Diaphragm boundaries at end of expiration

A

anteriorly - rib 5

posteriorly - T9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Barrel chest definition and associated disease(s)

A

AP diameter >/= lateral diameter

COPD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Flail chest definition

A

multiple broken ribs –> moves opposite to rest of chest wall with inspiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Pectus carinatum definition

A

anterior protrusion of sternum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Pectus excavatum definition and associated disease(s)

A

depression of sternum

mitral valve prolapse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Kyphoscoliosis definition

A

abnormal AP diameter and lateral curvature of spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Normal inspiratory:expiratory ratio

A

1:2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

I:E ratio in asthma or COPD

A

1:3 or 1:4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Normal adult respiratory rate

A

10-14/minute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

bradypnea

A

abnormally slow breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

tachypnea

A

abnormally fast breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

apnea

A

absent breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Hypernea/Kussmaul’s breathing definition and associated cause(s)

A

increased depth

Metabolic acidosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Biot breathing definition and cause(s)

A

irregular breathing + periods of apnea

increased intracranial pressure, drug-induced, brain damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Cheyne-Stokes breathing definition and causes(s)

A

irregular breathing + periods of increased and decreased rates + apnea

drug-induced, brain damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Tactile fremitus definition, test, indications

A

vibration felt on chest wall when patient is speaking

place edge of hand on patient’s chest while they say 99

increased fremitus = increased lung density
decreased fremitus = decreased lung density (fat, air, fluid in chest cavity)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Flat sound description + associated organs

A

high pitched sound from thick, dense mass

bone or muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Dull sound description + associated organs

A

low amplitude, short duration from solid organ

liver or heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Resonant sound description + associated organs

A

high amplitude, low pitched from air-filled tissue

lung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Tympanic sound description + associated organs

A

high pitched, hollow sound from hollow, air-filled structure

stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Hyperresonant sound description + associated organs

A

low pitched, hollow sound

emphysematous lung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

The stethoscope bell is best used for [low/high] pitched sounds

A

low

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

The stethoscope diaphragm is best used for [low/high] pitched sounds

A

high

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

tracheal breath sounds

A

harsh, loud, high pitched over trachea

inspiratory = expiratory in length

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

bronchial breath sounds

A

loud, high pitched over manubrium

inspiratory < expiratory in length with pause in between

30
Q

vesicular breath sounds

A

soft, low pitched over most lung fields

inspiratory > expiratory in length and volume

31
Q

bronchovesicular breath sounds

A

mixture of bronchial and vesicular over carina and mainstem bronchi

inspiratory = expiratory in length

32
Q

Rales/Crackles/Crepitation description, cause, associated disease(s)

A

short, continuous, nonmusical sound on inspiration (similar to velcro)

caused by opening of collapsed distal airways and alveoli

pulmonary edema, CHF, pulmonary fibrosis, pneumonia, atelectasis

33
Q

Wheezes description, cause, associated disease(s)

A

continuous, musical, high pitched sounds during expiration

narrowing of bronchi (swelling, secretion, foreign body, tumor)

asthma, COPD, pulmonary edema, CH (“cardiac asthma”)

34
Q

Rhonchi description, cause, associated disease(s)

A

low pitched sound

mucus plugging and poor movement of secretions

bronchitis

35
Q

Stridor description, cause, associated disease(s)

A

high pitched, inspiratory, upper airway sound

turbulent airflow in upper airway (airway obstruction from mass or swelling)

tumor, croup, foreign body

36
Q

Pleural rub description, cause, associated disease(s)

A

grating sound on inspiration and beginning of expiration (like creaking leather)

roughened or thickened pleura (inflammation, neoplasm, fibrin deposits)

pneumonia, pulmonary infarction

37
Q

Egophany test and indication

A

“eee” will be heard as “aaa” through stethoscope

lung consolidation (fluid filled)

38
Q

Whispered pectoriloquy test and indication

A

intensification of whispered “one-two-three” can be heard

lung consolidation (fluid filled)

39
Q

Bronchophony test and indication

A

“ninety nine” will be transmitted louder

lung consolidation (fluid filled)

40
Q

proper positions for a breast exam

A
  1. arms at sides
  2. arms overhead
  3. hands pressed against hips
  4. torso leaning forward
41
Q

Cremasteric reflex is absent in patients with ___

A

testicular torsion

42
Q

testicular pain causes

A

renal colic, appendicitis, disease of testis or epididymis (torsion, infection, tumor)

43
Q

Flank pain causes

A

kidney hydronephrosis, bladder/ureter distension, referred pain from testicle or labia

44
Q

low pelvic pain causes

A

salpingo-oophoritis, cystitis, pregnancy complication, hernia, ovarian torsion, tubo-ovarian abscess

45
Q

Epigastrium contents

A
  • stomach
  • pancreas
  • part of liver
  • aorta
46
Q

Suprapubic area contents

A
  • bladder

- uterus

47
Q

right shoulder pain

A
  • acute cholecystitis

- anything irritating the right hemidiaphragm

48
Q

testicular pain

A
  • renal colic

- appendicitis

49
Q

periodic epigastric pain 1 hour after eating

A

gastric peptic ulcer

50
Q

periodic epigastric pain 2-3 hours after eating

A

duodenal peptic ulcer

51
Q

back pain

A
  • perforated duodenal ulcer

- pancreatic pain

52
Q

nocturnal pain

A

duodenal peptic ulcer

53
Q

pain after eating

A

abdominal angina triad

54
Q

tenesmus

A

a feeling of needing to void the bowel, but unable to defecate

55
Q

hematochezia

A

bright red blood per rectum

from colonic tumor, diverticular disease, ulcerative colitis

56
Q

melena

A

black, tarry stool

from bleeding in first section of duodenum or upper GI tract

57
Q

caput medusae

A

abnormal, dilated periumbilical veins

58
Q

spider telangiectasias

A

small patches of prominent, thin veins

59
Q

Normal bowel sounds occur every ___

A

5-10 seconds

60
Q

absence of bowel sounds

A

no sounds within 2 minutes

61
Q

borborygmi

A

low pitched rumbling caused by hyperperistalsis

62
Q

the normal span of the liver is ___

A

10 cm or less

63
Q

percussing for shifting dullness helps detect ___

A

ascites

64
Q

rebound tenderness indicates ___

A

peritoneal irritation (appendicitis, perforated bowel, etc.)

65
Q

McBurney’s point

A

area of the abdomen that is 2/3 of the distance between the umbilicus and the right anterior superior iliac spine

66
Q

Fluid waves test tests for ___

A

ascites

67
Q

Rovsing’s sign

A

test for appendicitis

pushing on patient’s LLQ –> pain at RLQ will be positive

68
Q

Obturator sign

A

tests for inflammation, appendicitis, peritoneal irritation

flex and internally rotate hip

69
Q

Psoas sign

A

tests for intraabdominal inflammation, appendicitis, or psoas abscess

70
Q

Murphy’s sign

A

tests for acute cholecystitis

palpate liver on deep inspiration, feeling for gall bladder; if patient stops inspiration because of pain, test is positive

Physical Diagnosis (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions