Exam 3 review

Question 1

What is the Bill of Rights?

Answer 1

where the majority of civil liberties are found

Question 2

What is incorporation?

Answer 2

the process of applying provisions of the Bill of Rights to the states

Question 3

What is the compelling interest test?

Answer 3

a test the Supreme Court commonly uses to determine whether a particular limitation of a constitutional right is acceptable

Question 4

What is the Writ of Habeas Corpus?

Answer 4

the right of individuals who have been arrested and jailed to go before a judge, who determines whether their detention is legal.

Question 5

What is the lemon clause?

Answer 5

The Supreme Court test for determining whether aid to religion violates the establishment clause.

Question 6

What is the Thirteenth Amendment?

Answer 6

the amendment that ended slavery in the United States

Question 7

What is Brown v. Board of Education?

Answer 7

The Supreme Court case that led to the end of the separate-but-equal doctrine.

Question 8

What is strict scrutiny?

Answer 8

The Supreme Court used this standard for discrimination cases based on race or ethnicity.

Question 9

What is the Voting Rights Act?

Answer 9

This piece of legislation first limited, then was later amended to ban literacy tests for voting.

Question 10

What is Reconstruction?

Answer 10

This is the era Immediately after the Civil War when freed slaves struggled to blend into society.

Question 11

What is Article III?

Answer 11

An article of the Constitution establishes the judicial branch of government

Question 12

What are appeals?

Answer 12

The ability to apply to a higher court for a reversal of the decision of a lower court.
Because trial courts sometimes make mistakes about questions of law, the American legal system
has followed the British practice by allowing this process.

Question 13

What is the Senate responsible for?

Answer 13

the senate is responsible for confirming Supreme Court nominees.

Question 14

What is Judicial Review has what power?

Answer 14

held by the federal judiciary

This power, involves constitutional interpretation.

Question 15

who is Sandra Day O’Connor?

Answer 15

This is the first woman appointed to the U.S. Supreme Court?

Question 16

what does the acronym PAC stand for?

Answer 16

Political Action Committee

Question 17

what is the iron triangle?

Answer 17

interests group > congress > the buracucy

relationship among interest groups, members of Congress, and federal agencies.

Question 18

What is lobbying?

Answer 18

The act of trying to persuade elected officials to adopt a specific policy change or maintain the status quo

Question 19

What are factions?

Answer 19

The Framers were fearful these groups would place their own interests above the aggregate interests of society and would divide the nation.

Question 20

What is a proactive group?

Answer 20

An interest group created in response to an opening or opportunity for social, political, or economic changes.

Question 21

What are amicus curiae briefs?

Answer 21

Briefs that interest groups can submit as a “friend of the court.”

Question 22

What is Article II?

Answer 22

This article gives the president the power to establish the bureaucracy.

Question 23

What is the Cabinet?

Answer 23

the set of executive departments responsible for carrying out federal policy in specific issue areas.

Question 24

What is the Federal Register?

Answer 24

where final regulations are published in this, the government’s official publication for implementation of laws.

Question 25

What is an independent agency?

Answer 25

a type of federal organization established by Congress with authority to regulate an aspect of the economy or a sector of the federal government.

Question 26

What is the Pendleton Act?

Answer 26

1883 act, established a merit- and performance-based system for federal employment instead of the patronage system.

Question 27

Define the Bureaucracy

Answer 27

is the large collection of executive branch departments, agencies, boards, commissions, and other government organizations that carry out the responsibilities of the federal government.

Question 28

What are Civil Liberties?

Answer 28

rights that are so fundamental that they are outside the authority of government to regulate.

Question 29

which president signed the “don’t ask, don’t tell” legislation.

Answer 29

Bill Clinton

Question 30

Griswold v. Connecticut

Answer 30

Supreme Court case established the right to privacy utilizing the 9th and 14th amendment among others.