Exam 3 Review Flashcards
What is Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT)?
A structured, short-term therapy approach focusing on psychiatric disorders in a social and interpersonal context.
IPT doesn’t focus on deep personality traits or unconcious conflicts but instead emphasizes present day interpersonal problems.
What does IPT emphasize in its therapeutic approach?
Improving relationships and social interactions to reduce mental health symptoms
What are the four key focus areas of IPT?
- Interpersonal Disputes
- Role Transitions
- Grief
- Interpersonal Deficits
Define Interpersonal Disputes in the context of IPT.
Conflicts in significant relationships due to unmet expectations, miscommunication, or differing perspectives.
IPT helps it identify the source of dispute, improve communication, and work toward resolution.
What is meant by Role Transitions in IPT?
Life changes causing stress, such as starting a new job or becoming a parent
What does IPT aim to address in terms of Grief?
Helping individuals express feelings of loss and find ways to move forward while honoring their loved one
What are Interpersonal Deficits according to IPT?
Individuals who struggle with forming and maintaining relationships often due to social isolation or low self-esteem.
IPT helps to build social skills, improve communications, and develop meaningful relationships.
How long does IPT typically last?
12 to 16 weeks
Who is John Bowlby and what theory did he contribute to IPT?
He studied Attachment Theory. This theory shows that early relationships shape emotional and social development. He found that seperation or loss in childhood can lead to emotional struggles later in life. This theory emphasizes the importance of secure relationships being crucial for mental health.
IPT builds on this by focusing on how relationship issues impact emotional well being.
What does Harry Stack Sullivan’s Interpersonal Theory state?
The Interpersonal theory suggests that mental health issues develop from interpersonal relationship problems rather than being purely internal struggles. This theory sees individuals as part of an interpersonal field, meaning that a person’s emotions and behaviors are shaped by their social interactions.
What is Adolf Meyer known for in the context of IPT?
He emphasized that mental illness is a response to life experiences and social environments so understanding a person’s life history and relationships is key to treating mental health issues.
Who is Hildegard Peplau and what is her contribution to IPT?
Interpersonal Nursing Theory and also the founder of psychiatric nursing. She focused on the nurse-patient relationship. She emphasized that nursing is an interpersonal process where nurses help patients understand their emotions and social interactions which highlights the importance of therapeutic relationships in healing in IPT as well.
What is the goal of the Initial Phase in IPT treatment?
Identify the main interpersonal issue contributing to distress and set treatment goals
What happens during the Middle Phase of IPT?
Active work on the identified interpersonal issue, improving communication and resolving conflicts
What is the goal of the Termination Phase in IPT?
Prepare the patient for the end of therapy and ensure they can continue progress independently
What is the therapist’s role in IPT?
To actively guide the patient in understanding and improving their relationships
What is IPT-A?
Interpersonal Psychotherapy modified for adolescents
How does IPT help teenagers?
By focusing on peer pressure, conflicts with parents, and social difficulties
What does Interpersonal and Social Rhythm Therapy (IPSRT) address?
Bipolar disorder by stabilizing daily routines and managing social interactions
How does IPT benefit pregnant and postpartum women?
It significantly reduces depression symptoms and helps improve relationships
What is one therapeutic factor of group therapy?
Instillation of Hope
Define Universality in group therapy.
Realizing that others share similar experiences, reducing feelings of isolation
What is the purpose of Altruism in group therapy?
Helping others increases self-esteem and creates a sense of purpose
What is the Corrective Recapitulation of the Primary Family Group?
Working through past family dynamics in a healthier way within the group
What are Support Groups?
Groups for individuals experiencing similar life challenges providing emotional support
How do Self-Help Groups differ from Support Groups?
Self-help groups are not led by professionals and rely on members to guide discussions
What is the primary goal of support groups?
To create a safe space where people feel understood and less alone.
How do self-help groups differ from support groups?
Self-help groups are typically not led by professionals and emphasize mutual support among members.
What is the main focus of psychoeducation groups?
Teaching about mental health conditions, coping strategies, and self-care.
What happens during the orientation/forming phase of group development?
Members get to know each other and may feel unsure or anxious.
What characterizes the storming phase of group development?
Members express different opinions and may challenge one another.
In the norming phase, what begins to develop among group members?
Trust and a sense of belonging.
What is the performing phase of group development known for?
The group is highly functional and members experience personal growth.
What occurs during the adjourning phase of group development?
Members reflect on their progress as the group prepares to disband.
What is the biopsychosocial model used in family therapy?
A model that considers biological, psychological, and social factors in diagnosis and treatment.
Why is family therapy essential for working with children and adolescents?
Young clients are especially affected by their family environment.
Who is the founder of Systemic Family Therapy?
Murray Bowen.
What does Structural Family Therapy focus on?
Examining family organization and relationships.
What is triangulation in family therapy?
When two family members bring in a third person to reduce tension instead of addressing issues directly.
Define the term ‘genogram’.
A family tree that maps relationships and patterns across three or more generations.
What is emotional cutoff?
When a person separates from their family to avoid unresolved issues.
What is the purpose of emotionally focused family therapy?
To understand emotions in relationships and build secure emotional bonds.
What is the significance of differentiation in family therapy?
The ability to separate one’s own emotions from those of the family while maintaining connections.
Fill in the blank: An _______ family has weak or no boundaries, leading to too much involvement in each other’s lives.
enmeshed
What does the family projection process refer to?
When parents pass their own emotional issues onto their children.
What can lead to parentification in a family?
When a child takes on the role of a parent due to parental neglect or absence.
What is a key characteristic of a disengaged family?
Little communication or support between family members.
Define ‘emotional regulation’ in the context of family therapy.
Teaching coping skills to manage intense emotions in a healthy way.
What are subsystems in a family?
Smaller groups within the family that help manage roles and responsibilities.
What is the goal of therapy regarding family boundaries?
To establish clear and flexible boundaries for healthy relationships.
What is the nuclear family emotional system?
The emotional functioning within the immediate family unit.
True or False: Emotional bonds are not important in family therapy.
False
What can happen if family therapy is not considered in treatment?
The treatment approach may be too limited, leading to ineffective interventions.
What is the role of enactments in Structural Family Therapy?
To act out family interactions during therapy for real-time observation.
What happens during the norming phase of group development?
Members begin to work well together and develop trust.
What is the influence of sibling position according to Bowen?
A person’s birth order influences their personality and role within the family.
Examples include oldest children being responsible, youngest children being dependent, and middle children as peacemakers.
What is the main focus of Strategic Family Therapy (SFT)?
Identifying and changing dysfunctional family patterns.
SFT uses strategic interventions to improve communication and break negative cycles.
How does SFT approach problem-solving?
It is problem-focused, aiming to quickly identify the family’s main issue and create a solution.
This contrasts with therapies that focus on deep emotional exploration.
What is a key goal of SFT in terms of parental authority?
Strengthen parental authority to effectively guide children.
This includes helping parents set clear rules and consequences.
What type of communication patterns do dysfunctional families often exhibit?
Poor communication, dominated by criticism, avoidance, or yelling.
Family members may ignore issues or use blame to cope.
What are paradoxical interventions in SFT?
Interventions that ask the family to continue or exaggerate problematic behavior.
This helps family members become more aware of their actions.
Define ‘place the problem under the family’s control’ in SFT.
A technique that gives the family responsibility for managing the problem.
This empowers family members and encourages ownership of the solution.
What is the purpose of pretend techniques in SFT?
To help family members see their behavior from a different perspective.
Acting out the problem allows them to realize they can control it.
How do functional families handle conflict resolution?
Disagreements are handled with maturity and fairness, focusing on solutions.
Family members work together rather than assigning blame.
What are the characteristics of emotional support in functional families?
Consistent emotional support with mistakes treated as learning opportunities.
Love and affection are expressed regularly and unconditionally.
Fill in the blank: In dysfunctional families, boundaries are either too ______ or too ______.
rigid; loose
This can lead to emotional distance or enmeshment.
What is the role of adaptability in functional families?
They are flexible and adapt well to changes like moving or financial challenges.
Parents guide children through transitions with support.
True or False: In dysfunctional families, individuality is often encouraged.
False
Individuality may be suppressed in favor of rigid family expectations.
What is the impact of sibling position on therapy?
Understanding sibling positions helps therapists see how family roles influence behavior and relationships.
It can guide therapeutic interventions.
What are rituals in SFT?
Structured actions assigned to family members to help break unhealthy patterns.
Rituals reinforce new behaviors and create consistency.
What is the goal of the invariant prescription in SFT?
To disrupt hidden power dynamics within the family and restore proper relationships.
It often involves creating a united front among parents.
What are key features of IPT?
- Short term therapy lasting between 12-16 weeks.
- Focus on the present day issues affecting the patient’s emotional well being.
- Interpersonal over Psychiatric: IPT sees mental health issues as connected to social and relationship challenges.
Who is Martha Rogers?
Her theory suggests that social and psychological environments impact health, which is similar to IPT’s belief that relationships affect emotional well-being.
