EXAM 1 REVIEW Flashcards
What are the central tenets of Client-Centered Therapy?
- Unconditional Positive Regard
- Empathic Understanding
- Congruence
- Belief in the Client’s Potential
- Non-Directive Approach
- Focus on the Present
What does the tenet of Unconditional Positive Regard mean?
The therapist demonstrates genuine care and acceptance of the client, without judgment or stipulations.
What does the tenet of Congruence mean?
The therapist is genuine and transparent, ensuring that their external behavior aligns with their internal experiences. This authenticity builds trust and models honesty for the client.
What does the tenet of Non-Directive Approach mean?
The therapy avoids imposing the therapist’s solutions or interpretations. Instead, it supports the client’s autonomy by allowing them to lead the direction and focus of the sessions.
What are the key concepts of Existential Psychotherapy?
- Choice
- Freedom
- Responsibility
- Awareness
- Aloneness
- Meaning
- Anxiety
- Death
- Authenticity
What are the techniques associated with Solution Focused Therapy?
- Miracle Question
- Scaling Question
- Exception Finding Question
- Goal Setting
- Compliments
- Future Oriented Questions
- Constructive Feedback
- Building on Client Strengths
What does the technique of a Miracle Question entail?
This is a technique used to help clients envision their ideal future and identify the steps needed to achieve it. Clients are asked to imagine their life if their problem was miraculously resolved overnight. This helps shift focus from problems to solutions.
What does the technique of scaling questions intail?
This technique involves asking clients to rate their current situation or progress on a scale (e.g., 0 to 10). It helps clients evaluate where they are, where they want to be, and what small steps they can take to improve their score.
What does the technique of Exception-Finding questions entail?
The therapist helps clients identify times when their problems were absent or less severe. By exploring these exceptions, clients can discover their strengths and resources to replicate success in current situations.
What does the psychoanalytic therapy entail?
Id, Ego, and Supergo
What is the Id in psychoanalytic therapy?
Represents the unconscious and primal part of the psyche. It operates on the pleasure principle, seeking immediate gratification of instinctual drives such as aggression or sexual impulses without regard for reality or societal norms.
What is the Ego in psychoanalytic therpay?
Acts as the mediator between the id and the external world. It functions based on the reality principle, working to balance the desires of the id with the constraints imposed by the environment and social expectations. The ego employs defense mechanisms to manage anxiety and internal conflicts.
What is the superego in psychoanalytic therapy?
Reflects the internalized moral standards and ideals acquired from parents and society. It acts as a censor and guides the ego to resist the id’s impulses that are socially or morally unacceptable. The superego often induces feelings of guilt or pride, depending on how well the ego adheres to its moral guidance.
What are techniques of psychoanalytic therapy?
- Interpretation
- Immediacy
- Focusing
- Observation
What is Dream Analysis?
Dream analysis is a psychodynamic technique that explores the symbolic meaning of dreams to uncover unconscious desires, fears, or conflicts.
Application in Therapy: Dream analysis allows the therapist to examine the interplay of unconscious forces and provides clues about the patient’s inner world, including repressed wishes and emotional conflicts. It is a tool to connect present difficulties to past experiences.
What is Free Association?
Free association involves the patient saying whatever comes to mind without censorship or filtering.
Application in Therapy: This technique creates a safe environment where patients can express their thoughts freely, allowing the therapist to identify recurring themes, conflicts, or patterns that reflect unconscious dynamics.
What is Mentalization?
Mentalization refers to the ability to understand and interpret one’s own and others’ mental states, such as thoughts, emotions, and intentions.
Purpose in Therapy: This process helps patients develop insight into how their internal experiences influence their behavior and interactions with others. It is critical for building self-awareness and understanding relational dynamics.
What is Transference?
Transference is the unconscious redirection of feelings, thoughts, and expectations from past significant relationships onto the therapist.
Example: A patient may view the therapist as a parental figure, projecting feelings of anger or affection that stem from their relationship with a parent.
What is Countertransference?
Countertransference is the therapist’s emotional reaction to the patient, which may be influenced by the therapist’s own unconscious conflicts or the patient’s transference.
Example: A therapist feeling unusually protective or frustrated with a patient may reflect the patient’s impact on the therapist or the therapist’s own unresolved issues.
What is Resistance?
Resistance refers to the patient’s unconscious defense mechanisms that impede the progress of therapy or prevent the exploration of painful thoughts and feelings.
Examples in Therapy: Avoiding topics, arriving late, missing sessions, or intellectualizing emotions to avoid deeper exploration are common forms of resistance.
What is Reaction Formation?
Reaction formation involves substituting thoughts, feelings, or behaviors that are the opposite of one’s unacceptable impulses.
Example: A person who harbors hostility toward someone might act excessively kind and friendly toward them.
What is Sublimation?
Sublimation is the channeling of unacceptable impulses or desires into socially acceptable, constructive, or creative activities.
Example: Someone with aggressive tendencies might take up a contact sport like boxing.
What are the supportive techniques?
- Giving Recognition
- Restating
- Clarification
- Providing Information
- Suggestion
- Encouraging Emotions
- Focusing on Here and Now
- Modulating Emotional Intensity
What is Displacement?
Example: Someone who has feelings for a married mans wife displaces those feelings onto taking care of their car.
