Exam 3 - Poison 1-2 and Toxidromes Flashcards
What is the poison help/control center number?
1(800)222-1222
When should patients be referred to the hospital? (2)
moderate-severe exposures, intentional ingestions
What are the ABCs of poison management? (5)
airway, breathing, circulation, dextrose/decontamination, EKG/elimination
What are non-pharmacologic treatments for poisoning? (4)
inhalational (removing patient from exposure area), topical/dermal (irrigation with soap and water), ingestions (orogastric lavage), hemodialysis
What pharmacologic therapy should not be used for poisonings?
syrup of ipecac
What is the dosing for activated charcoal in poisoning?
1 g/kg
What substances will not bind to activated charcoal? (3)
ionized metals, alcohols, gasoline
What is added to activated charcoal to improve palatability?
sorbitol
What is the dosing for whole bowel irrigation in poisoning?
1-2 L/hr PO/NG until rectal effluent clear
How do anticholinergic toxidromes typically present? (4)
all vitals slightly elevated, dilated pupils, dry mucous membranes, no bowel sounds
What is the treatment and dosing for an anticholinergic toxidrome?
physostigmine, 0.5-2 mg IV
How do sedative-hypnotic toxidromes typically present? (4)
otherwise normal vital signs, 4 mm (normal) pupils, normal mucous membranes, bowel sounds present
How do adrenergic/sympathomimetic toxidromes typically present? (5)
all vitals slightly elevated, 6 mm reactive pupils, diaphoretic, bowel sounds present, tremor
How do opioid toxidromes typically present? (5)
otherwise normal vital signs except RR (low), pinpoint pupils, normal mucous membranes, no bowel sounds, hyporeflexic
How do cholinergic toxidromes typically present? (3)
otherwise normal vital signs, pinpoint pupils, SLUDGE
