Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Toxicology > Exam 3 Personal Care > Flashcards

Exam 3 Personal Care Flashcards

1
Q

What products are corrosive?

A

Acids- damages inorganic and organic material

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What products are caustic

A

Alkalis- Disolves structure of an object. Burns by degrading organic tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

At what pH do you get severe burns with alkalis?

A

> 12

<12 = irritation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

MOA for acids

A

coagulative necrosis
Limited penetraiton
Immediate/intense pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

MOA for Alkalis

A

Liquefactive necrosis
Deep penetration -> perforation
+/- delayed sensation of burns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Clinical signs associated with cleaning product contamination

A

Feed refusal, dysphagia, pytalism, bloody vomiting, abdominal pain, polydypsia, blindness, +/- respiratory distress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Lesions associated with acids

A 
Burns/ulcerations in oral cavity
Esophageal lesions are rare- immediate pain deters further consumption
Laryngeal swelling and spasms
Corneal ulceration 
Acute inflammation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Lesions associated with Alkalis

A

Oral burns
Corneal ulcerations
Esophageal lesions- full thickness burns, perforation
GI: Bleeding pyloric burns

If they survive initially, tissue scarring and strictures are likly to occur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Treatment associated with ingestion of cleaning products (acids and bases)

A

DO NOT induce emesis- can cause added esophageal exposure and increase the risk for more burns
AC = ineffective
Adminsiter milk
Administer gastric protectants- sucralfate slurries
NPO!!- NG tube, IV fluids- maintain hydration
Pain management

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

treatment associated with ocular exposure of cleaning products (acids and bases)

A

Rinse with H20 20-30 minutes

Monitor for corneal ulceration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Treatment associated with dermal exposure of cleaning products (acids and bases)

A

wash with liquid dish detergent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

sources of Solvents

A

Paint thinners
Gasoline
Kerosene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

MOA for solvents

A

Cell and mucosal damage

Eye, skin, GI and respiratory irritation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Clinical effects associated with Solvents

A 
GI: Vomiting, Bloat, Anorexia
CNS: Depression, Tremors, Convulsions, Coma
Skin and Eye: Epithelial damage
Hematological: Bone marrow suppression
Heart: Cardiac arrest
Liver and kidney damage
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What samples are good for diagnosing exposure to solvents

A

Blood (hemoconcentration, anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia)
Bone marrow- prolonged exposure or very high amounts of ingestion
Serum: hypoglycemia, azotemia
Radiographs: aspiration pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Traetment associated with exposure to solvents

A

Supportive care: antibiotics, cage rest, treat for shock +/- blood transfusions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What practices are contraindicated for solvents

A

Emesis, gastric lavage, corticosteroids (you already have suppression of the bone marrow and immune system)
Activated charcoal- not effective for hydrocarbon solvents

18
Q

what is more toxic, Na Hypochlorite, or Ca Hypochlorite

A

Na+ Hypochlorite

19
Q

Bleach MOA

A

Na+ hypochlorite - produces chlorine gas when combined with acid of alkali. Causes coagulation and necrosis

Na peroxide - decomposes in the GI tract causing GI irritaion

Na perborate decomposes and causes gastric irritation

20
Q

Clinical Signs associated with Bleach

A

Pytalism, vomiting, dysphagia, oral ulcerations, coughing, choking

21
Q

Lesions associated with bleach

A

Irritation/inflammation of the Pharynx, glottis, larynx, lungs
Corneal ulceration with direct exposure, chlorine gas
Pulmonary edem

22
Q

Treatment associated with Bleach ingestion

A 
DO NOT INDUCE EMESIS!!!!!
AC is ineffective
Adminsiter milk- dilute the acid
Monitor electrolyte levels
Administer gastric protectants
NPO! NG tube
23
Q

Treatment associated with Bleach ocular exposure

A

Rinse with H2O

Monitor for corneal ulcerations

24
Q

Treatment associated iwth Dermal exposure

A

wash with liquid dish detergent

25
Q

How is chlorine gas formed with respect to Bleach

A

Bleach + (ammonias, alkali cleaners, OR acid cleaners) = Chlorine Gas

26
Q

What damage is associated with Nonionic detergents

A

Mild irritant

27
Q

Clincial signs associated with nonionic detergents

A

Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

28
Q

Treatment for exposure to nonionic detergents

A

Decontamination: Dilute with milk and water, AC may not be needed

Supportive care as needed

29
Q

What are sources of anionic Detergents

A

Laundry and dishwasher detergent

30
Q

What effect does Anionic detergents have on the body

A

Moderate toxicity: irritant

High toxicity: electric detergents -> high alkalinity

31
Q

Clinical signs associated with Anionic detergents

A

Hemolytic properties
Nephrotoxic
GI signs: nausea, V, D

Pharyngeal and esophageal burns

32
Q

Treatment for Anionic detergents

A

decontamination: dilute with milk and water, AC may not be needed
supportive care as needed

33
Q

Sources of Cationic detergents

A

Fabric softeners, Germicides, sanitizers

34
Q

Properties of Cationic detergent exposure

A

Highly toxic: causes mucosal membrane irritaion and damage

Corrosive and caustic burns of the mouth and esophagus

35
Q

What systemic effects are associated with Cationic detergents?

A

Salivation, weakness, CNS depression, respiratory depression, seizures

36
Q

Treatment associated with cationic detergents

A

decontamination
Emesis is contraindicated

Supportive: analgesics, GI protectants, demulcents

37
Q

Why are homemade soaps dangerous?

A

High alkaline content

38
Q

MOA of Phenols

A

Direct irritation of membranes

Stimulation of the respiratory center- produces an alkalosis

39
Q

concentrated phenol effects on the body

A

extremely corrosive

40
Q

Clinical signs of Phenols

A 
Mucosal ulcers/necrosis
Mydriasis
Tremors/convulsions
Incoordination 
\+/- icterus
41
Q

Lesions associated with Phenols

A

Dermal necrosis, hepatic necrosis, renal tubular necrosis

Respiratory inflammation

42
Q

Clinical Pathology associated with Phenol cases

A

Proteinuria, hematuria, urinary casts, increased liver enzymes

Toxicology (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions