Exam 2 Water quality Flashcards
what are coliform standards for human consumption
<3/100ml
What are coliform standards for animals
<5,000/100ml
no limit
Coliform concentrations don’t affect consumption by animals
What does TDS stand for
total dissolved solids
What are consequences of an elevated TDS?
> 5000ppm : risk for pregnant, lactating, or stressed animals
If TDS is high it indicates a mineral analysis should be performed
Iron in water
Antagonistic >1ppm -> impair mineral absorption
Utilized by coliforms
Foul smelling
Clogs lines and fixtures- reducign water flow
When collecting water samples, what considerations should you make
500mL
Clean glass container
Run water for a few seconds before sampling
Methods of Disinfection of water
Chlorination- chlorine reacts with organic matter, destroys bacteria, measure chlorine with test strips
Peroxides- used for flushing lines
What is the common name for Cyanobacteria
Blue-Green Algae
What are predisposing factors for the presence of Algal blooms
Excessive nitrate and phosphorus run-off
Stagnant water
What types of toxins are found to be produced by cyanobacteria
Neurotoxins
hepatotoxins
Dermatoxin
Anatoxin A is produced by what source
Algae- cyanobacteria
What does Anatoxin-A affect
affects nerve synapses
Post-synaptic cholinergic nicotinic agonist: Depolarizing NM blockade
how does Anatoxin-A(S) work
Affects nerve synapses (not related to Anatoxin-A)
Rapidly absorbed
Inhibits cholinesterase
Does NOT cross the blood brain barrier
Clinical Signs associated with Anatoxin-A(S) intoxication
Salivation, lacrimation, urination, defecation, ataxia, tremors/seizures, vomiting
salitoxin and neosaxitoxin
Affects the nerve synapse and axons- same toxins found in paralytic shelfish poisoning.
Very little is required for intoxication
Selective Na_ channel blocker- binds directly to the pore of the channel blocking Na+ flow -> Paralysis
