Exam 3, Part 2 Flashcards
Etienne Jules Marey
French physiologist.
Inspired by Muybridge motion pics.
Made motion studies of him own called ‘Chronophotography’.
Invented camera in the form of a gun.
Marcel Duchamp
Prominent Dada artist.
‘Nude Descending a Staircase’
Roger Fenton
British art photographer.
Travelled to Crimea to make pictures of the War.
Made image: ‘The Valley of the death’.
Known for his avoidance of grisly horrors of war.
The Farm Security Administration
Run by Roy Stryker.
Included many photographers to take pics of the rural poor during Great Depression.
The intention to provide info to the general population about the difficulties suffered in rural areas, and to show how the government help.
Roy Stryker
Runner of ‘The Farm Security Administration’
Robert Capa
Combat photographer.
Motto: “If its not good enough you’re not close enough”
Magnum
A co-operative formed by photographers including Capa & Bresson.
Goals of allowing them to work free of editorial demands and to regain control over their images.
Life Magazine
First published in 1930’s.
Featured photo essays. (from wars)
Very popular until tv replaced news.
Henri Cartier Bresson
Photo-Journalist.
First used the term “the decisive moment” referring to his goal, releasing the shutter at the climactic moment where form and content are equally powerful.
Weegee
Daily news photographer.
Hard hitting sensational style of photographing murders, fires, disasters.
4*5 speed graphic camera and a flash.
Kept a police radio in his car so he could arrive at scenes faster.
Edward Curtis
Photographed Native Americans.
Documenting what he thought was a vanishing race.
Jacob Riis
Photographed slums and tenements on Lower East Side of NYC.
Hoped to promote better living conditions.
Lewis Hine
A sociologist by training.
Wanted to change the ills he saw in the world.
Pics of child laborers which changed the child labor law.
Photographed the construction of Empire State Building.
Carrie Mae Weems
African American photographer.
Made “joke” pieces.
Jabez Hughes
Divided photography in 3 categories:
- Mechanical (simple representation of objects).
- Art (artist infuses the mind into things, so appear in a more beautiful manner).
- High Art (pics aim at higher purposes… which instruct, purify, enoble).
Julia Margaret Cameron
British portrait photographer.
Made many staged allegorical portraits/scenes.
Soft focus, stopped focus when the image was beautiful to her.
Henry Peach Robinsson
Argued that photography’s ability to distort the truth made it a viable artform.
Used combination printing.
First success: ‘Fading Away’.
Coined the term Pictorialism.
Pictorialism
Soft focus pics to create painterly effect.
Early 1900’s.
Often used Gum-Bichromate process.
Peter Henry Emerson
Selective focus was “naturalistic photography”
Film and Photo
International exhibition hung in Stuttgart, Germany.
Believed would play a big part of post WW1 reconstruction efforts.
Machines caused devastation - machines can rebuild the society.
Photography, as an art made with a machine began taking a more central role in creative society.
Dada
Artists and performers in Europe during WW1.
Experimented with non-traditional materials and techniques.
Reveled in nonsense and the absurd.
Laszlo Moholy-Nagy
Born in Hungary. Saw photography as a pivotal medium. First to use the term: "The New Vision". Instructor at the Bauhouse. Fascinated by possibilities of photographs, he saw them as a pure form of image making.
Man Ray
American active in Paris in the 1930’s.
Invented ‘Rayogram’ - now called photogram.
Imogeen Cunningham
West coast photographer.
Member of group f64.
Harry Callahan
Thought at institute of Design in Chicago.
Explored many subjects.
Committed to an approach based on principles of seeing.
