Exam 3, Part 1 Flashcards
Camera obscura
Creat pics in darkroom, upside down, was used as daring aid
Daguerreotype
- invented by Louis Daguerre
- First photographic process (1839)
- Copper plates
- One copy
- most popular in early days due to its sharpness
Calotype
- Invented by Talbot
- Announced shortly after Daguerreotype
- Negative on paper
- Less popular due to less sharp
- benefit: can make copies
- Were printed using “salted pater process”
- some people the lack of details made in more artistic
Salted paper process
A way to print calotype
Wet-collodion
- Invented by F. Scott Archer (1851)
- Produced a negative image on glass
- made the sharpness of daguerreotype and the copy ability of calotype
- most popular by photographers
Autochromes
- invented by Lumiere brothers
- First color photographic process
- Image on glass
Leica
- First 35mm camera (1925)
- Fast, portable, and good quality
Joseph Nicephore Niepce
- Invented Heliograph
- partnered with Daguerre
- First known photograph of rooftops and windows: “View from the Window at Gras”
Louis Daguerre
- invented Daguerreotype and diorama
- began as a painter
W. H. Fox Talbot
- Invented Calotype (talbottype)
- salted paper printing process
- Origins of neg/pos process
- when he trie to enforce patents it resulted in less use of calotype
- Published 6 volume set of his work: “the pencil of nature”
Hippolyte Bayard
- invented direct positive prints on paper process
- His experiments got rejected by French governments in favor to daguerreotype
- most famous photo: “Drowned man” - first photo to express an idea
D. O. Hill and Robert Adamson
- Made calotype s in Scotland
- mostly portraits of fishermen and their families, and scenic views
- Making striking use of light and shadows outdoors,
Historic Monuments Commision
- Formed by French government
- purpose to make record of all monument and historic buildings in France
John Mayall
He said - “Ideality is unattainable and imagination supplanted by the presence of fact”
- was critical to photography
- only records of fact, and no imagination needed
Eugene Disderi
- Invented “Carte de visite”
- Ran fashionable studio in Paris
- effects from carte de Visite was a further reduction in standards of mass-production
George Eastman
- invented Kodak box camera
- “you push the button, we do the rest”
- the company became Eastman Kodak
Nadar
- Real name: Gaspard Felix Tournachon
- ran portrait studios in Paris
- believed that light was the key to photography
Edward Steichen
- Made cityscapes and natural landscapes
- used gumbichromate process to achieve painterly effect
- Most memorably pic is the Flatiron Building in NYC
Alfred Stieglitz
- 30 years of pics of NYC
- Many sharp photos of constructions and changes in the city
- inspiration for others of taking pics of clouds and emotional state of mind
Eugene Atget
- 20 years of photos in paris (morning light)
- became famous after his death
Garry Winogrand
- street photographer
- daily life photos, random style
- thousands of films prompted criticism
- he believed: “a camera neither lies nor tells truth, rather transforms the world”
Maxime Du Camp
- French photographer
- Went to take pictures of Egypt
- used Calotype process
Picturesque
- a term used to describe photographs of natural scenes
- “stirred fine thoughts and feelings in the viewer”
Ansel Adams
- Grand Views of the West
- Invented zone system, ideas of pre-visualization
- one of the founders of group f64 (whose members believed that good photograph should be sharply focused from front to back
F64
A group who thought good photographs should always be focused from front to back
- founded by Ansel Adams, and more
Edward Weston
- pcs of nude in different approaches
- Stark, sensual, in nature
Minor White
- believed photography could be used a path to mystical experiences and spiritual growth
- Both abstract and representational images
William Jenkins
- curated “New Topographics” (centering the views of “man-altered landscape”)
- inspired by the work of American landscape photographers
Robert Adams
- new Topographer
- Developed a neutral style, in contrast to Ansel Adams
- influenced by Particularly T. O’Sullivan
- Wanted to show mans impact on the landscape
- Often included signs if people in his pics
Hippolyte Bayard
Self portraits, ‘Drowned Man’
