Exam 3 Nutrition

Question 1

Nutritional pools

Answer 1

Normal not sick: 10-14 days
Normal and sick/Depleted and not sick: 5-7 days
Depleted and sick: 3-5 days

Question 2

Nutritional assessment

Answer 2

Alcoholic or chronic dz
Thenar/temporal wasting
Low albumin
Lymphs <1500
BMI <19

Question 3

Nutritional route

Answer 3

Enteral vs. parenteral

Enteral preferred as improves gut barrier function

Question 4

Vitamin storage pools

Answer 4

Water soluble have smaller pool, will deplete first

Question 5

Special nutrients: arginine

Answer 5

Conditionally essential
Precursor for NO
Stimulates GH and insulin secretion (growth)

Question 6

Special nutrients: glutamine

Answer 6

Conditionally essential

Gluconeogenic precursor - improves nitrogen balance

Question 7

Special nutrients: lipids

Answer 7

House formulas very low in omega 3 fats

Precursors for leukotrienes and PGs

Question 8

Special diets: respiratory failure

Answer 8

High fat, less calories (decrease CO2 and wob)

Question 9

Special diets: liver disease

Answer 9

Lower in aromatic AA and higher in branched chain AA

Question 10

Burns and trauma

Answer 10

Increased energy requirement (increased insensible losses)

Increased protein requirement (1-1.5g/kg/d)

Question 11

Diet practice differing from recommendation is _____ leading cause of preventable death

Answer 11

2nd (behind smoking)

Question 12

5 Themes of the DG

Answer 12

1. Follow healthy eating pattern across lifespan
2. Focus on variety, nutrient density, and amount
3. Limit calories from added sugar, sat fats, and reduce sodium
4. Shift (gradual) to healthier food and beverage choices
5. Support healthy eating patterns for all

Question 13

3 good examples of eating patterns

Answer 13

1. Healthy US diet
2. Healthy Med diet
3. Healthy vegetarian

Question 14

Nutrient dense foods

Answer 14

Include key nutrients
Naturally lean/low in solid fats
Little to no added solid fats, sugar, sodium, refined starch

Question 15

Limiting added sugar/fat/sodium

Answer 15

Sugar <10% total calories
Sodium <2300 mg/d
Alcohol < 1/d for women and 2/d for men

Question 16

Special diets: cardiac

Answer 16

Reduce sodium, watch volume status

Question 17

Breatfeeding recommendations

Answer 17

Exclusive up to 6 months
Supplement after (Zn, Fe) and continue up to 1-2 years

Question 18

Who’s at risk for malnutrition

Answer 18

Women of reproductive age
infants
children