Exam 3: Muscles Flashcards
superior gemellus attachments
proximal: external ischium surface
distal: greater trochanter
superior gemellus actions
hip lateral rotation
inferior gemellus attachment
proximal: ischial tuberosity
distal: greater trochanter
inferior gemellus action
hip lateral rotation
obturator internus attachments
proximal: wall of pelvis, obturator membrane
distal: greater trochanter
obturator internus action
hip lateral rotation
quadratus femoris attachments
proximal: ischial tuberosity
distal: quadrate tubercle
quadratus femoris action
hip lateral rotation
gluteus maximus attachment
proximal: sacrum, gluteal line of ilium, erector spinae aponeurosis
distal: greater trochanter, IT band, gluteal tuberosity
gluteus maximus actions
hip lateral rotation
hip extension
gluteus medius attachments
proximal: external iliac surface
distal: greater trochanter
gluteus medius action
hip medial rotation
hip abduction
gluteus minimis attachments
proximal: external iliac surface, GREATER sciatic notch
distal: greater trochanter
gluteus minimis actions
hip medial rotation
hip abduction
piriformis attachment
proximal: sacrum, PIIS (posterior inferior iliac spine)
distal: greater trochanter
piriformis actions
hip lateral rotation
hip abduction
serratus posterior superior attachments
proximal: spinous processes C7-T3
distal: ribs 2-5
serratus posterior inferior attachments
proximal: spinous processes
distal: ribs 9-12
serratus posterior superior and inferior actions
proprioception of thoracic wall
splenius capitis attachment
proximal: nuchal ligament, spinous processes
distal: mastoid process
splenius capitis and cervicis actions
head extension
head lateral flexion
head ipsilateral rotation
splenius cervicis attachments
proximal: spinous process T3-T6
distal: transverse processes C1-C3
spinalis attachment
(thoracis, cervicis, capitis)
proximal: thoracolumbar fascia
distal: spinous processes
iliocostalis attachment
(thoracis, cervicis, lumborum)
proximal: thoracolumbar fascia
distal: costal angles of ribs
longissimus attachment
(thoracis, cervicis, capitis)
proximal: thoracolumbar fascia
distal: ribs, transverse processes
erector spinae action
VC lateral rotation
VC extension
rotatores attachment
proximal: transverse processes
distal: spinous processes
multifidus attachment
proximal: sacrum, iliac spine, transverse processes
distal: superior spinous processes
semispinales attachment
proximal: transverse processes
distal: spinous processes
transversospinales action
VC extension
VC contralateral rotation
interspinales attachment
between spinous processes
intertransversarii attachment
between transverse processes
interspinales action
spine extension
intertransversarii action
spinal lateral rotation
iliopsoas attachment
iliacus attachment: iliac fossa
psoas attachment: transverse processes
distal attachment: lesser trochanter
iliopsoas action
hip flexion
sartorius attachment
proximal: ASIS
distal: medial tibia
sartorius actions
hip flexion hip adduction hip lateral rotation knee flexion knee medial rotation
tensor fasciae latae attachments
proximal: iliac crest, ASIS
distal: IT band
rectus femoris attachment
proximal: AIIS, groove superior to acetablum
distal: base of patella
rectus femoris actions
hip flexion
knee extension
vastus lateralis attachment
proximal: greater trochanter, gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, intertrochanteric line
distal: base of patella
vastus medialis, lateralis, and intermedius action
knee extension
vastus medialis attachment
proximal: intertrochanteric line, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line, spiral line
distal: base of patella
vastus intermedius attachment
proximal: femoral shaft prox 1/3
distal: base of patella
articularis genu attachment
proximal: distal femur
distal: synovial membrane of knee joint
articularis genu action
keeps suprapatellar bursa from collapsing into tendon by pulling articular capsule proximally
gracilis attachment
proximal: body of pubis, inferior pubic ramus
distal: medial tibia
gracilis action
hip adduction
knee flexion
knee medial rotation
pectineus attachment
proximal: superior ramus of pubis
distal: pectineal line
pectineus action
hip adduction
hip flexion
obturator externus attachment
proximal: external obturator membrane, rami of pubis and ischium
distal: trochanteric fossa (posterior of femur)
adductor brevis attachment
proximal: inferior pubic ramus
distal: pectineal line, linea aspera
adductor brevis action
hip adduction
hip flexion
adductor longus attachment
proximal: pubic crest
distal: linea aspera
adductor longus action
hip adduction
hip flexion
hip medial rotation
adductor magnus attachment
proximal: inferior pubic ramus, ischial ramus, ischial tuberosity
distal adductor part: linea aspera, gluteal tuberosity
distal hamstring part: medial supracondylar line, adductor tubercle
adductor magnus action
adductor part = hip adduction, hip flexion
hamstring part = hip extension
biceps femoris attachments
proximal long head: ischial tuberosity
proximal short head: linea aspera, lateral supracondylar line
distal: fibula
biceps femoris action
long head: hip extension
both heads: knee flexion, knee lateral rotation
semimembranosus attachment
proximal: ischial tuberosity
distal: medial tibia
semimembranosus and semitendinosus actions
knee medial rotation
knee flexion
hip extension
semitendinosus attachment
proximal: ischial tuberosity
distal: medial tibial condyle
tibialis anterior attachments
proximal: tibial lateral condyle, crural interosseous membrane
distal: medial cuneiform, 1st metatarsal
tibialis anterior actions
ankle dorsiflexion
foot inversion
extensor digitorum longus attachment
proximal: tibial epicondyle, fibula, crural interossei membrane
distal: dorsal digital expanisions digits 2-5
extensor digitorum longus action
extension of digits 2-5
ankle dorsiflexion
extensor hallucis longus attachments
proximal: fibula, crural interosseous membrane
distal: distal phalangeal base first toe
extensor hallucis longus action
extension of first toe
ankle dorsiflexion
fibularis tertius attachments
proximal: distal fibula, crural interosseous membrane
distal: base of 5th metacarpal
fibularis tertius action
foot eversion
ankle dorsiflexion
fibularis longus attachment
proximal: head of fibula
distal: lateral first metatarsal, medial cuneiform
fibularis longus action
ankle plantarflexion
foot eversion
fibularis brevis attachment
proximal: distal fibula
distal: base of 5th metatarsal
fibularis brevis action
ankle plantar flexion
foot eversion
soleus attachment
proximal: head of fibula, soleal line of tibia
distal: posterior calcalneus
soleus action
ankle plantar flexion
gastrocnemius attachment
proximal: femoral condyle
distal: posterior calcaneus
gastrocnemius action
knee flexion
ankle plantarflexion
plantaris attachment
proximal: lateral supracondylar line
distal: posterior calcaneous
plantaris action
ankle plantar flexion
knee flexion
tibialis posterior attachment
proximal: crural interosseous membrane, between fibula and tibula
distal: navicular, medial cuneiform, intermediate cuneiform, metatarsal base digits 2-4
tibialis posterior actions
ankle plantar flexion
foot inversion
flexor digitorum longus attachment
proximal: distal to soleal line
distal: dorsal digital expansion 2-4
flexor digitorum longus actions
ankle plantar flexion
flexion of digits 2-4
flexor hallucis longus attachment
proximal: distal fibula, crural interosseous membrane
distal: plantar distal phalangeal base first toe
flexor hallucis longus action
flexion of first toe
ankle dorsiflexion
popliteus attachment
proximal: lateral femoral condyle
distal: soleal line of tibia
popliteus action
NWB: tibia medial rotation, knee flexion
WB: femur lateral rotation, knee flexion
“unlocks fully extended knee into flexion”
extensor digitorum brevis attachments
proximal: calcaneus
distal: lateral slides of extensor digitorum longus digits 2-4
extensor digitorum brevis action
extension of digits 2-4
extensor hallucis brevis attachment
proximal: extensor digitorum brevis
distal: base proximal phalanx of hallux
extensor hallucis brevis action
extension of great toe
abductor hallucis attachment
proximal: calcaneal tuberosity
distal: proximal phalangeal base of hallux
abductor digiti minimi attachments
proximal: calcaneal tuberosity
distal: proximal phalangeal base 5th digit
flexor digitorum brevis attachment
proximal: calcaneal tuberosity
distal: SIDES of middle phalanges
flexor digitorum brevis actions
flexion of digits 2-4
abductor hallucis action
abduction and flexion of great toe
abductor digiti minimi action
abduction and flexion of 5th digit
quadratus plantae attachment
proximal: calcaneus, calcaneal tuberosity
distal: tendon of flexor digitorum longus
quadratus plantae action
assists flexor digitorum longus
lumbricals attachment
proximal: flexor digitorum longus
distal: medial sides of dorsal expansion digits 2-5
lumbricals action
flexion of MP joints
extension IP joints
adductor hallucis attachment
oblique head prox attach: metatarsal 2-4
transverse head prox attach: distal ends metatarsals 3-5
distal: prox phalanx hallux
adductor hallucis actions
great toe adduction
flexor digiti minimi attachment
proximal: 5th metatarsal base
distal: prox phalanx base 5th digit
flexor digiti minimi action
flexion of 5th digit
flexor hallucis brevis attachment
proximal: cuboid, tibialis tendon
distal: proximal phalanx base hallux
flexor hallucis brevis action
flexion of hallux
dorsal interossei attachment
proximal: metatarsal base
distal: dorsal digital expansion 2-4, prox phalanx base
dorsal interossei action
abduction and flexion digits 2-4
plantar interossei action
adduction and flexion of digits 3-5
plantar interossei attachment
proximal: metatarsal base
distal: dorsal digital expansion 3-5