Exam 2: Muscles Flashcards
external intercostal attachments
rib to rib, from superior-lateral to inferior-medial (down and in)
external intercostal actions
elevation of ribs
external intercostal innervation
intercostal nerve (segmental)
internal and innermost intercostal attachments
rib to rib, from superior-medial to inferior-lateral (down and out)
internal and innermost intercostal actions
depression of ribs
internal and innermost intercostal innervation
intercostal nerve (segmental)
transversus thoracis attachments
proximal - posterior sternum
distal - costal cartilages
transversus thoracis actions
depression of ribs
transversus thoracis innervation
intercostal nerves (segmental)
diaphragm attachments
proximal: xiphoid, inner surface of lower ribs and costal cartilages, lumbar vertebrae via crura
distal: central tendon
diaphragm actions
inspiration (negative thoracic pressure by inferior displacement)
diaphragm innervation
spinal: C3-C5
peripheral: phrenic nerve
rectus capitis posterior major attachments
proximal: spinous process C2
distal: lateral aspect of inferior nuchal line
rectus capitis posterior major innervation
suboccipital nerve
rectus capitis posterior minor attachments
proximal: tubercle of posterior arch of C1
distal: medial aspect of inferior nuchal line
rectus capitis posterior minor innervation
suboccipital n
inferior oblique (suboccipital) attachments
proximal: spinous process C2
distal: (inferior surface of) transverse process C1
inferior oblique (suboccipital) innervation
suboccipital n
superior oblique (suboccipital) attachments
proximal: (superior surface of) transverse process C1
distal: area between superior and inferior nuchal lines of occipital bone
superior oblique (suboccipital) innervation
suboccipital nerve
geniohyoid muscle innervation
ventral ramus of C1 via CN XII (hypoglossal n.)
stylohyoid muscle innervation
facial n. (CN VII)
mylohyoid muscle innervation
inferior alveolar n. of mandibular n. (V3) of trigeminal nerve
anterior belly of digastric m. innervation
inferior alveolar n. of mandibular n. (V3) of trigeminal nerve
posterior belly of digastric m. innervation
facial n. (CN VII)
sternohyoid m. innervation
ansa cervicalis C1-C3
superior and inferior bellies of omohyoid m. innervation
ansa cervicalis C1-C3
thyrohyoid m. innervation
ventral ramus of C1 via CN XII
what anterior neck muscles (3) are innervated by ansa cervicalis C1-C3?
superior and inferior bellies of omohyoid m. (infrahyoid)
sternohyoid m. (infrahyoid)
sternothyroid (infrahyoid)
what anterior neck muscles (2) are innervated by ventral ramus of C1 via CN XII?
Geniohyoid (suprahyoid)
Thyrohyoid (infrahyoid)
what anterior neck muscles (2) are innervated by facial nerve?
posterior belly of digastric m.
stylohyoid m.
What anterior neck muscles (2) are innervated by inferior alveolar nerve of mylohyoid nerve of trigeminal n (CN V3)?
anterior belly of digastric m. (suprahyoid)
mylohyoid m. (suprahyoid)
sternothyroid m. innervation
ansa cervicalis C1-C3
what muscles are distally attached to first rib?
anterior scalene - scalene tubercle of first rib
middle scalene - first rib
(note: posterior scalene is 2nd rib)
inferior oblique (extraocular) actions
elevation of eye
abduction of eye
extorsion of eye
inferior oblique (extarocular) innervation
inferior ramus of oculomotor nerve CN III
inferior rectus action
depression, adduction, and extorsion of eye
inferior rectus innervation
inferior ramus of oculomotor n. CN III
levagtor palpebrae superioris action
elevation of upper lid
levator palpebral superioris innervation
superior ramus of oculomotor n.
medial rectus innervation
inferior ramus of oculomotor n
medial rectus action
adduction of eye
superior rectus action
elevation, adduction, intorsion of eye
superior rectus innervation
superior ramus of oculomotor n.
lateral rectus action
abduction of eye
lateral rectus innervation
abducens nerve CN VI
superior oblique (extraocular) action
depression, abduction, intorsion of eye
superior oblique (extraocular) innervation
trochlear n
masseter attachments
proximal: zygomatic arch
distal: angle of mandible and lateral aspect ramus
masseter actions
elevation of mandible (closing of mouth)
protraction/protrusion of mandible
retraction/retrusion (deep fibers) of mandible
*protrusion and retrusion is possible for this muscle because has two heads
masseter innervation
masseteric nerve of mandibular nerve (V3)
temporalis attachments
proximal: temporal fossa
distal: coronoid process and anterior border ramus of mandible
temporalis actions
elevation of mandible
retraction (deep fibers) of mandible
ipsilateral lateral movement
temporalis innervation
deep temporalis nerve of mandibular n (V3)
lateral pterygoid attachments
proximal: lateral pterygoid plate and infratemporal surface of sphenoid bone (superior border of infratemporal fossa)
distal: TMJ disc, neck of mandible
lateral pterygoid actions
depression of mandible
protraction/protrusion of mandible
contralateral lateral movement - acts with ipsilateral medial pterygoid to rotate mandible and produce chewing
lateral pterygoid innervation
lateral pterygoid n. of mandibular n (CN V3)
medial pterygoid attachments
proximal: medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate and adjacent maxilla
distal: medial aspect of angle of mandible
medial pterygoid innervation
medial pterygoid n of mandibular n V3
medial pterygoid actions
elevation of mandible
retrusion/retraction of mandible
contralateral lateral movement - works with ipsilateral lateral pterygoid to produce side-to-side movement of mandible (chewing)
buccinator attachments
surrounds alveolar processes of maxilla and mandible to angle of mouth
buccinator action and facial expression
action: compression of cheek
facial expression: blowing
buccinator innervation
buccal branch of facial nerve (CN VII)
depressor anguli oris attachments
mandible to angle of mouth
depressor anguli oris action and facial expression
action: depress angle of mouth laterally
facial exp: frown, sadness
depressor anguli oris innervation
mandibular and buccal branch of facial nerve VII
depressor labii inferioris attachments
mandible to skin of lower lip
depressor labii inferioris action and facial expression
action: depress lower lip
facial exp: pout, sadness
depressor labii inferioris innervation
mandibular branch of facial nerve
frontalis attachments
top of eyebrows to epicranial aponeurosis (midline of skull)
frontalis actions and facial expression
action: protraction of scalp, elevation of eyebrows and nose
facial expression: surprise, curious
nasalis attachments
maxilla that surrounds nasal cavity to bridge of nose and nostrils
nasalis actions and facial expression
actions: transverse fibers compress, alar fibers widen nasal aperture
facial expressions: flare nostrils when angry or exerted
nasalis innervation
buccal branch of facial nerve
levator labbi superioris attachments
inferior aspect of orbit to top of upper medial lip
levator labii superioris actions and facial expression
action: elevates upper lip
facial expression: sadness
levator labii superioris innervation
buccal and zygomatic branches of facial n
zygomaticus major attachments
zygomatic bone to angle of mouth
zygomaticus major actions and facial expression
action: raises angle of mouth
facial expression: smile, happiness
zygomaticus major innervation
zygomatic and buccal branches of facial nerve
orbicularis oculi action and facial expression
action: palpebral sphincter
facial exp: close eye, wink
orbicularis oculi innervation
temporal and zygomatic branches of facial n.
orbicularis oris action and facial expression
action: oral sphincter
facial expression: kiss, close mouth
orbicularis oris innervation
mandibular and buccal branches of facial nerve
platysma attachments
lower border mandible to fascia overlying clavicle
platysma action and facial expression
action: wrinkles anterior nuchal skin
facial exp: convey tension or stress (awk double chin face)
platysma innervation
cervical branch of facial nerve
craniofacial muscles innervated by buccal branch of facial nerve
- buccinator
- depressor anguli oris
- orbicularis oris
- levator labii
- nasalis
- zygomaticus major
craniofacial muscles innervated by cervical branch of facial nerve
platysma
craniofacial muscles innervated by temporal branch of facial nerve
frontalis
orbicularis oculi
craniofacial muscles innervated by zygomatic branch of facial nerve
- zygomaticus major
- orbicularis oris
- levator labii superioris
craniofacial muscles innervated by mandibular branch of facial nerve
depressor anguli oris
depressor labii inferioris
orbicularis oris
craniofacial muscles of sadness
levator labii superioris
depressor anguli oris (frown)
depressor labii inferioris (pout)
happiness/smile
zygomaticus major
surprise/curious
frontalis
kiss
orbicularis oris (close mouth)
wink
orbicularis oculi
convey stress/tension
platysma
anger/exertion (via flaring of nostrils)
nasalis
blow
buccinator
