Exam 3 lecture 2 Flashcards
How does transport into pre-synaptic neuron or neighboring glial cell affect neurotransmission
slows it down
Effect of destruction of neurotransmitter in neurotransmission
slows it down
can post synaptic receptors be agonists or antagonists
both
how do drugs act on neurotransmitters
Some drugs act as agonists
some act as antagonists
some act as partial agonists
some drugs target the removal of transmitters from synaptic cleft
What are the different ways drugs can target drugs removal of neurotransmitters from cleft
Enzymatic metabolism
transport into presynaptic neuron or neighboring glial cell
Glycine MOA
similar to GABA but acts in spinal cord
Common aa neurotransmitters
GABA
Glycine
Glutamate
What is GABA
a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain.
How does GABA work
Depresses neuronal excitability by increasing flux of Cl- ions into neurons
What are the GABA receptors
GABA-a
GABA-B
Drugs that interact with GABA pathways are generally
CNS depressants
What are some drug types that interact with GABA pathways
Sedatives
Anticonvulsants
anxiolytics
What is the difference between GABA a and GABA b
GABA a- GABA receptors that are ion channels and allow influx of Cl- ions
GABA b- GPCR
What kind of neurotransmission does glutamate have?
It is a major excitatory neurotransmitter
What is the effect of excessive glutamate
can cause neuronal damage by allowing excessive Ca2+ influx into neuron
What are glutamate receptors
Metabotropic (GPCR) or ionotropic (NMDA and AMPA)
what are metabotropic? what are ionotropic?
Metabotropic are GPCRs
Ionotropic re receptors that bind glutamate and allow influx of ions
Common non aa neurotransmitters
Ach
Dopamine (DA)
Norepinephrine
Serotonin , 5 hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)
What are particular regions of the brain that have more prominent Ach signalling
Basal forebrain (alzheimers)
Pons
Cortex
Basal ganglia
types of Ach receptors
Nicotinic (ionotropic Na channels)
Muscarinic (GPCR)
Ach is important in
Nicotinic dependence
Cognitive function/disorder
Movement disorder
examples of drugs that target this Ach receptor
Cholinesterase inhibitors like aricept (to treat alzheimers)
Dopamine transmission has a role in
Parkinsons disease
schizophrenia
addiction
depression
ADHD
What are some places where dopamine signalling is important
Midbrain (substantia nigra and pons compacta)
(used in voluntary motor function)
Ventral tegmental area
(used in reward and addiction)