Exam 3 - Intro, Natural an sexual selection, & Speciation and Systematics

Question 1

Pleiotropy occurs when:

Answer 1

one gene simultaneously affects multiple traits

Question 2

Intersexual selection in nature most commonly occurs as:

Answer 2

non-random female choice

Question 3

list prezygotic isolating mechanism?

Answer 3

gametic
temporal
behavioral
mechanical

Question 4

Two individuals are homozygous for different alleles at three genes (AABBCC vs. aabbcc). How many different genotypes are possible among their F2 progeny?

Answer 4

27

Question 5

Which condition is not required for a Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in a population?
differential reproductive success 
  large population size 
  isolation from other populations 
  random mating

Answer 5

differential reproductive success

Question 6

Question about what is phylogenetically informative

Answer 6

:|

Question 7

Speciation
none of these statements is correct
requires major genetic changes throughout the genome
occurs in the same way in all organisms
has never been documented in vascular plants
requires a substantial amount of geographic separation between populations

Answer 7

none of these statements is correct

Question 8

understand rotation at nodes of a phylogenetic tree

Answer 8

:|

Question 9

What is the type of allopatric speciation in which gene-flow barriers arise without dispersal?

Answer 9

vicariant speciation

Question 10

Population bottlenecks are especially likely to increase:

Answer 10

genetic drift

Question 11

Singing by male canaries is controlled by a single gene, twitter. This gene is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and there are only two alleles, T and t. Only the tt homozygote genotype does not sing. If the frequency of T is 0.7, what is the total proportion of males in the population that will be singing?

Answer 11

0.91

Question 12

Which condition is not required for a Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in a population?

Answer 12

differential reproductive success

Question 13

Characters that are shared because of convergent evolution represent:

Answer 13

homoplasy

Question 14

Birds in which female plumage is brighter than male plumage are likely to be:

Answer 14

polyandrous

Question 15

Birds (class Aves) form a paraphyletic group.

Answer 15

False

Question 16

The best definition of biological evolution is:

Answer 16

a change in the genetic composition of a population

Question 17

know what is considered to phylogenetically informative

Answer 17

:|

Question 18

The Phanerozoic Eon began.

Answer 18

approximately 550 million years ago

Question 19

Speciation
none of these statements is correct
requires major genetic changes throughout the genome
occurs in the same way in all organisms
has never been documented in vascular plants
requires a substantial amount of geographic separation between populations

Answer 19

none of these statements is correct

Question 20

“Gee, expecting natural selection to produce something as complex as the vertebrate eye is like expecting a tornado to blow through a junkyard and assemble a Boeing 747!” This naive statement is incorrect because:

Answer 20

unlike the wind, natural selection causes phenotypic change in a non-random direction

Question 21

Directional selection on body size will occur when:

Answer 21

smaller-than-average phenotypes have the highest fitness

Question 22

Arrange the following from most inclusive to least inclusive:

1. Natural selection 2. Microevolution 3. Intrasexual selection 4. Evolution 5. Sexual selection

Answer 22

4, 2, 1, 5, 3

Question 23

The biological species concept places primary importance on:

Answer 23

the degree of reproductive isolation

Question 24

understand rotation of phylogenetic nodes

Answer 24

:|

Question 25

The production of different-sized gametes between the sexes is called:

Answer 25

anisogamy

Question 26

The essential difference between autopolyploidy and allopolyploidy is:

Answer 26

the number of parent species involved

Question 27

The male northern cardinal is much more brightly colored than the female because it sequesters more of the red carotenoid pigment in its feathers. This statement is best described as:

Answer 27

proximate causation

Question 28

Which organism was used in class as an example of how genetic drift can reduce the amount of genetic variation in a population?

Answer 28

the greater prairie chicken

Question 29

Which is a true statement concerning genetic variation?

Answer 29

It must be present in a population before natural selection can act upon the population

Question 30

What is the name of the mating system in which both males and females have multiple mating partners during a breeding season?

Answer 30

polygynandry