Exam 3 - Intro, Natural an sexual selection, & Speciation and Systematics Flashcards
Pleiotropy occurs when:
one gene simultaneously affects multiple traits
Intersexual selection in nature most commonly occurs as:
non-random female choice
list prezygotic isolating mechanism?
gametic
temporal
behavioral
mechanical
Two individuals are homozygous for different alleles at three genes (AABBCC vs. aabbcc). How many different genotypes are possible among their F2 progeny?
27
Which condition is not required for a Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in a population? differential reproductive success large population size isolation from other populations random mating
differential reproductive success
Question about what is phylogenetically informative
:|
Speciation
none of these statements is correct
requires major genetic changes throughout the genome
occurs in the same way in all organisms
has never been documented in vascular plants
requires a substantial amount of geographic separation between populations
none of these statements is correct
understand rotation at nodes of a phylogenetic tree
:|
What is the type of allopatric speciation in which gene-flow barriers arise without dispersal?
vicariant speciation
Population bottlenecks are especially likely to increase:
genetic drift
Singing by male canaries is controlled by a single gene, twitter. This gene is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and there are only two alleles, T and t. Only the tt homozygote genotype does not sing. If the frequency of T is 0.7, what is the total proportion of males in the population that will be singing?
0.91
Which condition is not required for a Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in a population?
differential reproductive success
Characters that are shared because of convergent evolution represent:
homoplasy
Birds in which female plumage is brighter than male plumage are likely to be:
polyandrous
Birds (class Aves) form a paraphyletic group.
False
The best definition of biological evolution is:
a change in the genetic composition of a population
know what is considered to phylogenetically informative
:|
The Phanerozoic Eon began.
approximately 550 million years ago
Speciation
none of these statements is correct
requires major genetic changes throughout the genome
occurs in the same way in all organisms
has never been documented in vascular plants
requires a substantial amount of geographic separation between populations
none of these statements is correct
“Gee, expecting natural selection to produce something as complex as the vertebrate eye is like expecting a tornado to blow through a junkyard and assemble a Boeing 747!” This naive statement is incorrect because:
unlike the wind, natural selection causes phenotypic change in a non-random direction
Directional selection on body size will occur when:
smaller-than-average phenotypes have the highest fitness
Arrange the following from most inclusive to least inclusive:
- Natural selection 2. Microevolution 3. Intrasexual selection 4. Evolution 5. Sexual selection
4, 2, 1, 5, 3
The biological species concept places primary importance on:
the degree of reproductive isolation
understand rotation of phylogenetic nodes
:|
The production of different-sized gametes between the sexes is called:
anisogamy
The essential difference between autopolyploidy and allopolyploidy is:
the number of parent species involved
The male northern cardinal is much more brightly colored than the female because it sequesters more of the red carotenoid pigment in its feathers. This statement is best described as:
proximate causation
Which organism was used in class as an example of how genetic drift can reduce the amount of genetic variation in a population?
the greater prairie chicken
Which is a true statement concerning genetic variation?
It must be present in a population before natural selection can act upon the population
What is the name of the mating system in which both males and females have multiple mating partners during a breeding season?
polygynandry
