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NUR 317: Mental Health Lecture > Exam 3 Drugz > Flashcards

Exam 3 Drugz Flashcards

1
Q

Common endings of benzos

A

-lam or -pam

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2
Q

What is are benzodiazepines used for in alcohol use?

A

Decrease withdrawal symptoms and decrease the risk of seizures

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3
Q

2 examples of benzos used in alcohol use disorder

A

Diazepam (valium)

Lorazepam (Ativan)

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4
Q

What is the pharmacological action of benzodiazepines?

A

Increases effects of GABA

reduces anxiety and seizures

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5
Q

What are the adverse drug reactions of benzos?

A 
CNS depression:  dizziness
drowsiness
lethargy
hypotension
tachycardia
respiratory depression
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6
Q

True or False

Benzodiazepines are not teratogenic

A

False! Benzos are teratogenic.

Why? Because clients are prone to addiction and Pregnancy risk is with any med that can increase CNS depression.

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7
Q

What are some nursing interventions/monitoring for patients taking Benzos?

A 
Fall risk
Sedation
Paradoxical reaction in elderly
Tolerance/dependance
Taper!!! to prevent withdrawal
Vital signs
Memory changes
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8
Q

What is Disulfiram (antabuse) used for ?

A

It can treat problem drinking by creating an unpleasant reaction to alcohol.

It is used for alcohol use disorder

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9
Q

What is the pharmacologic action of disulfiram (antabuse)?

A

Inhibits breakdown of acetaldehyde.
increases alcohol metabolites.

(Disulfiram is a drug used to support the treatment of alcohol use disorder by producing an acute sensitivity to ethanol (drinking alcohol). Disulfiram works by inhibiting the enzyme acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, causing many of the effects of a hangover to be felt immediately following alcohol consumption.)

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10
Q

What are the adverse drug reactions of disulfiram (Antabuse)?

A

Acetaldehyde syndrome: SEVERE nausea/vomiting, headaches, sweating, palpitations, hypotension, respiratory depression, seizures, death.

Hepatotoxicity

Metallic Aftertaste

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11
Q

What are contraindications/precautions of disulfiram (Antabuse)?

A

Liver or kidney dysfunction
Pregnancy
Heart disease
Psychosis

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12
Q

Client education on the use of disulfiram (Antabuse)

A
  • Do NOT use products containing alcohol. (no cough syrup, no aftershave, no mouthwash, no hand sanitizer, no vanilla extract, some perfumes).
  • Risks lasts up to 2 weeks after d/c
  • Wear a medication alert bracelet!
  • Should be used in addition to counseling, 12-step programs, etc.
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13
Q

What is clonidine (Catapres) used for?

What is the pharmacological action of clonidine?

A

It is used to reduce the effects of opioid withdrawal, hypertension

Clonidine suppresses the sympathetic fight or flight response. It causes vasodilation (decreases BP) and inhibits acceleration of the heart (decreases HR).

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14
Q

What are the adverse drug reactions of clonidine (Catapres)

A 
CNS effects (drowsiness and dizziness)
Dry mouth
Severe rebound hypertension if dose is not tapered!!!!

Think Cata=catatonic. CNS depression.

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15
Q

What does clonidine interact with?

A

Clonidine intensifies the effects of Benzos, Cocaine, and opioids.

Mixing clonidine with any of these can cause euphoria, sedation, and hallucinations.

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16
Q

What is methadone used for?

What is the pharmacological action of methadone?

A

Methadone is used to reduce the effects of opioid withdrawal and prevents relapse.

Methadone is an opioid receptor agonist.

17
Q

What are the adverse effects of methadone?

A
  • CNS effects (drowsy, dizzy, resp. depression, hypotension, cardiac arrest)
  • Dependency
  • Withdrawal symptoms if not tapered
18
Q

What are some contraindications/precautions for someone taking methadone?

A
  • GI obstruction/ileus.
  • Take caution with elderly, pregnancy/BF
  • Cardiac/liver/kidney impairments
19
Q

What is buprenorphine (Buprenex) used for?

What is the pharmacological action of

A

Used for the management of opioid withdrawal and maintenance/relapse prevention

Action: it is an opioid agonist-antagonist. It partially activates some opioid receptors

20
Q

What are the adverse drug reactions of buprenorphine?

A

Similar to opioid intoxication: resp. depression, hypotension, constipation, dependency, angioedema, withdrawal symptoms if stopped abruptly

21
Q

Contraindications/Precautions for buprenorphine

A

GI obstruction or ileus
Asthma
Liver dysfunction

22
Q

What does buprenorphine interact with?

A

It can increase the effect of anticholinergics.

Increase effects of CNS depressants.

23
Q

What is naloxone (Narcan) and what is it used for

A

Opioid antagonist

Used to reverse drug overdoses and respiratory depression.

NUR 317: Mental Health Lecture (6 decks)

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