Exam 1 drugs Flashcards
What type of drug is amitriptyline?
Tricyclic antidepressant (TCA)
What type of drug is imipramine?
Tricyclic antidepressant (TCA)
What type of drug is escitalopram (Lexapro) ?
SSRI
What type of drug is fluoxetine (Prozac)?
SSRI
What type of drug is sertraline (Zoloft)?
SSRI
What type of drug is venlafaxine (Effexor ER)?
SNRI
What type of drug is duloxetine (Cymbalta)?
SNRI
What type of drug is phenelzine (Nardil)?
MAOI (monoamine oxidase inhibitor)
What type of drug is tranylcypromine (Parnate)?
MAOI
What type of drug is isocarboxazid (Marplan)?
MAOI
What type of drug is bupropion (Wellbutrin)?
Atypical antidepressant
List 2 examples of tricyclic antidepressants
Amitriptyline
Imipramine
What are tricyclic antidepressants commonly used for?
depression anxiety insomnia fibromyalgia bipolar disorder OCD ADHD
What do tricyclic antidepressants do?
Block uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin
Increase concentration of serotonin and norepi in body, block acetylcholine, hence the anticholingeric effects
Nursing interventions of Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
Take at bedtime Take with food if GI upset Change positions slowly Chew sugarless gum if anticholinergic effects (dry mouth) Increase fluid intake to 2-3L/day High fiber foods (Avoid constipation)
List 3 examples of SSRIs
- escitalopram (Lexapro)
- fluoxetine (Prozac)
- sertraline (Zoloft)
What do SSRIs do?
First line treatment for panic disorders and trauma
SSRIS block the reuptake of serotonin!! Increase concentration of serotonin in body!
Common side effects of SSRIs:
Weight gain Nausea/GI upset BBW suicide Sexual dysfunction Insomnia Serotonin syndrome Hyponatremia (increased ASH, fluid retention, Na+ diluted)
Nursing interventions SSRIs
Take in morning with food for GI upset
Report impotence/decreased libido
S/S hyponatremia
Do not stop taking abrupty. Education on slow onset (2-4 weeks)
Never mix St. John’s Wort, MAOIs with SSRIs
Adverse drug reactions for TCAs:
Anticholinergic effects (too much= CNS depression) HIGH** risk of drug overdose due to narrow therapeutic index: can cause dysrythmias, confusion, seizures. BBW suicide
Name 2 SNRIs
Venlafaxine (Effexor XR)
Duloxetine (Cymbalta)
Remember: vexed and Depressed
What are SSRIs mainly prescribed for?
Depression, Panic, OCD
What do SNRIs do?
Block uptake of norepi and serotonin
What happens if you have high levels of Norepinephrine
Tachycardia Fight or Flight Urinary retention Increased Blood glucose decreased GI motility (constipation) Anorexia (not focused on eating) Increased BP
What are SNRIs typically prescribed for?
Major depression, panic disorders, panic disorders, generalized anxiety disorders
What are adverse drug reactions of SNRIs?
CNS excitement: insomnia and nervousness Nausea, GI upset, Heptatitis Hyponatremia (ADH affected by serotonin) Hypertension Anorexia BBW suicide!
Client education for SNRIs
Take with food Avoid taking close to bedtime Monitor BP Never stop abrupty! Dont take other supplements without consulting Doc.
List 2 examples of MAOIs
phenelzine (Nardil)
Tranylcypromine (Parnate)
What do MAOIs do?
Increases amounts of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine
Adverse drug reactions of MAOIs
CNS excitement: agitation, insomnia, mania Orthostatic hypotension GI upset N/V Liver/Kidney issues
What conditions are MAOIs typically prescribed for?
Depression Bulimia Panic disorder Social anxiety disorder PTSD
What should not be taken with MAOIs?
Foods containing tyramine
TCAs
Sympathomimetics
Sudafed, Coke, Adderall
Can cause hypertensive crisis!!!!!
