Exam 3 Ch. 11 Flashcards
Conservation of number:
recognition of one to one correspondence between sets of objects of equal number despite differences in size of objects or spatial positions
Identity:
a mental operation where the child realizes that a change limited to outward appearance does not change the substances involved
Compensation:
a mental operation in which the child realizes that changes in one aspect of a problem are compared with and compensated for by changes in another aspect
Reversibility:
a mental operation in which the child realizes that one operation can be negated or revered by the effects of another
Classification:
the ability to understand the hierarchical structure of categories and the logical relation of inclusion
➢ Categorizing objects based on multiple criteria
Conservation of volume:
the understanding that the amount of a liquid remains unchanged when poured from one container into another that has different dimensions
Metacognition
Ability to think about and regulate thought processes
3 factors that bring about memory changes in middle childhood
Increases in the speed and capacity of working memory
Increases in knowledge about the things one is trying to remember
The acquisition of more effective strategies for remembering
Memory Strategies
Rehearsal
Repeating to self
process of repeating to oneself the material that one is trying to remember
- Ex. word list, song, phone number
Memory Strategies
Organizational strategies
mentally grouping
strategies of mentally grouping the materials to be remembered in meaningful clusters of closely associated items so that remembering one part of the cluster brings to mind the rest
- Ex. Free recall—say the items in any order they please
Memory Strategies
Elaboration:
Connections to remember
children identify or make up connections between the two or more things they have to remember
-Tomato, street = Tomato smashed in the street
Meta-memory
Rehearsal
the ability to think about one’s memory processes
