Exam 3 Book Questions Flashcards
If trunk neural crest cells are transplanted into the cranial region, they can form all of the following types of cells except:
Pigment cells Schwann cells Sensory neurons Cartilage Autonomic neurons
Cartilage
The otic placode arises through an inductive message given off by the:
Telencephalon Rhombencephalon Infundibulum Diencephalon Mesencephalon
Rhombencephalon
The second pharyngeal arch contributes to the:
Cochlea and earlobe Auditory tube and incus Stapes and earlobe Auditory tube and stapes Otic vesicle and stapes
Stapes and earlobe
The facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) supplies muscles derived from which pharyngeal arch?
First Second Third Fourth Sixth
Second
In cases of holoprosencephaly, defects of facial structures are typically secondary to defects of the:
Pharynx Oral cavity Forebrain Eyes Hindbrain
Forebrain
Meckel’s cartilage is a prominent structure in the early formation of the:
Upper jaw Hard palate Nasal septum Soft palate Lower jaw
Lower Jaw
An early induction in tooth development consists of the ectoderm of the dental epithelium acting on the underlying neural crest mesenchyme. Which of the following molecules is an important mediator of the inductive stimulus?
BMP-4 Tenascin Hoxb-13 Msx-1 Syndecan
BMP-4
Which condition is most closely associated with a disturbance of neural crest?
Anal atresia Meckel’s diverticulum Omphalocele Volvulus Aganglionic megacolon
Aganglionic megacolon
Meckel’s diverticulum is most commonly located in the:
Ileum Ascending colon Jejunum Transverse colon Duodenum
Ileum
The primordium of which structure is located in the septum transversum?
Dorsal pancreas Lung Liver Thymus Spleen
Liver
The yolk stalk is most closely associated with which artery?
Celiac Umbilical Superior mesenteric Aorta Inferior mesenteric
Superior Mesenteric
The dorsal pancreatic bud is initially induced from the gut endoderm by the:
Liver Notochord Lung bud Yolk sac None of the above
Notochord
Splanchnic mesoderm acts as an inducer of all of the following tissues or organs except:
Teeth Trachea Liver Lungs Pancreas
Teeth
Which of the following does not connect directly with the primary nephric (mesonephric) duct?
Metanephros Cloaca Nephrotomes Mesonephric tubules Ureteric bud
Metanephros
Which association is correct?
Potter’s facies and hydramnios
Urachal fistula and hydramnios
Horseshoe kidney and superior mesenteric artery
GDNF and metanephrogenic blastema
Bilateral renal agenesis and compensatory hypertrophy
GDNF and metanephrogenic blastema
Which defect is strongly associated with oligohydramnios?
Pelvic kidney Renal agenesis Horseshoe kidney Crossed ectopia Polycystic kidney
Renal agenesis
Which anomaly is most closely associated with exstrophy of the bladder?
Epispadias Renal agenesis Anal atresia Pelvic kidney Ectopic ureteral orifice
Epispadias
The uterus arises from the:
Paramesonephric ducts Urogenital sinus Mesonephric tubules Pronephric ducts Mesonephric ducts
Paramesonephric ducts
The floor of the penile urethra in the male is homologous to what structure in the female?
Clitoris Trigone of the bladder Labia majora Labia minora Perineum
Labia Minora
Nucleated erythrocytes found circulating in the embryo are produced in the:
Yolk sac Para-aortic clusters Liver Bone marrow None of the above
Yolk Sac
In a 7-month fetus, blood draining the left temporalis muscle enters the heart via the:
Left anterior cardinal vein Coronary sinus Left common cardinal vein Superior vena cava None of the above
Superior Vena Cava
Adherons are inductive particles released by what structure in the endocardial cushion area?
Endocardium Cardiac jelly Myocardium Epicardium None of the above
Myocardium
Neural crest contributes to the structure of which of the following?
Truncus arteriosus Ascending aorta Pulmonary trunk All of the above None of the above
All of the above
For which of these cardiovascular malformations is a patent ductus arteriosus necessary for survival of the individual?
Atrial septal defect Ventricular septal defect Double aortic arch Right subclavian artery from arch of aorta None of the above
None of the above
Five days after birth, an infant becomes cyanotic during a prolonged crying spell. The cyanosis is most likely caused by venous blood entering the systemic circulation through the:
Interatrial septum Ductus arteriosus Ductus venosus Umbilical vein Interventricular septum
Interarterial Septum
The internal carotid artery arises from aortic arch number:
1 2 3 4 5
3
The ligamentum teres is the postnatal remains of the:
Ductus arteriosus Ductus venosus Umbilical vein Umbilical artery Urachus
Umbilical vein
Insufficient production of which of the following is a major cause of poor viability of infants born 24 to 26 weeks after conception?
Pulmonary surfactant α-Fetoprotein Meconium Lanugo Urine
Pulmonary Surfactant
Meconium is formed in the fetal:
Liver Ileum Lungs Amniotic fluid Kidneys
Ileum
Which organ is much larger in the fetus than it is shortly after birth?
Kidneys Heart Liver Urinary bladder Adrenal gland
Adrenal Gland
Fetal movements usually can first be detected by ultrasound at how many weeks?
6 8 10 12 14
8
What blood vessel is commonly used for exchange transfusions in newborns?
Umbilical artery Jugular vein Femoral artery Umbilical vein None of the above
Umbilical Vein
