Exam #3: Blood Supply II Flashcards
What artery supplies the anterior circulation to the brain?
Internal Carotid Artery
What artery supplies the posterior circulation to the brain?
Vertebral/ Basilar Artery
What is the first branch off the internal carotid artery?
Ophthalmic a.
What are the branches of the internal carotid artery?
- Ophthalmic a.
- Anterior & posterior communicating
- Anterior choroidal a.
- Anterior cerebral a.
What is the anterior choroidal a. going to?
Choroid plexus
What are the branches of the anterior cerebral artery?
Ascending from the anterior cerebral artery in the midline:
- Distal medial striate a. i.e. “Recurrent artery of Heubner”
- Medial frontobasal a.
- Pericallosal a.
- Callosomarginal a.
What is the difference between the number of anterior communicating and posterior communicating arteries?
1x Anterior Communicating
2x Posterior Communicating
What structures border the anterior choroidal a. i.e. what structures besides the choroid plexus does the anterior choroidal a. supply?
- Crus Cerebri
- Thalamus- (Lateral geniculate body)
- Poster limb of internal capsule
What does the Recurrent Artery of Heubner supply?
Anterior aspect of the deep cerebral nuclei
- Head of caudate
- Putamen
- Internal capsule
- Globus Pallidus
I.e. Recurrent artery of Heubner supplies the basal ganglia
What surface of the cortex does the PCA supply?
Inferior temporal a.
What does the pericallosal a. supply?
Recall that the anterior cerebral a. runs along the corpus callosum; however, specifically one of the branches is:
- Pericallosal= just above of the corpus callosum
- Takes a more posterior course & supplies more of the lateral parietal lobe
What does the callosomarginal a. supply?
Recall that the anterior cerebral a. runs along the corpus callosum; however, specifically one of the branches is:
- This branch runs superior & anterior to the pericollosal a.
On coronal section, if you don’t see thalamus, what part of the anterior capsule are you looking at?
Anterior limb
What part of the internal capsule is supplied by the Recurrent Artery of Hubner?
Anterior limb
What are the lenticulostriate arteries branches of?
MCA
What do the lenticulostriate arteries supply? What do these arteries anastamose with?
- Basal ganglia with the Recurrent Artery of Heubner
- Internal capsule
What are the major divisions of the MCA?
Superior & Inferior
What does the Superior MCA supply?
- Cortex above the lateral fissure
- Lateral frontal cortex i.e. pre & post-central gyrus
*****Trunk, arm, face
What does the Inferior MCA supply?
- Cortex below the lateral fissure
- Lateral temporal lobe & parts of the parietal lobe
*****Hippocampus, which is in the deep temporal lobe
What language area is supplied by the Inferior MCA?
Wernicke’s area
If a patient has an inferior MCA infarct, what will their presentation be in regards to language?
Wernicke’s aphasia i.e. gibberish
What arteries supply the hypothalamus?
Penetrating/ perforating/ ganglionic arteries–all refer to the same arteries that emerge from the Circle of Willis
What are the watershed zones?
Regions between two arterial branches serving a specific region
What causes a “watershed infarct?”
Sudden loss of arterial blood pressure
What are the different horns of the lateral ventricle?
Frontal horn
Temporal horn
Occipital horn
What basal nucli is the anterior limb of the internal capsule between?
Caudate & putamen
What basal nuceli border the posterior limb?
Thalamus (medial) & GP/ Putamen (lateral)
What tracts pass through the posterior limb of the internal capsule?
Corticospinal tracts
Where is “stroke city?”
Where the lenticulostriate arteries supply
- large to small artery transition (MCA to lenticulostriate)
- 90 degree angles
Where do the vertebral arteries unit?
Pontomedullary junction
What arteries do the vertebral arteries give off prior to joining to from the basilar artery?
Anterior spinal arteries
What regions of the brainstem do the anterior spinal arteries supply? What are the different brain regions that are in the medial zone?
Medial zone
*****Pyramids, ML, hypoglossal nucleus
What regions of the brainstem do the posterior spinal arteries supply?
Posterior zone
What does PICA supply?
- Posterior inferior aspect of the cerebellum
- Lateral medulla
What are the landmarks for the closed medulla?
- Inferior olivary nucleus
- Pyramids
- No 4th ventricle
What supplies the intermediate zone of the medulla?
Vertebral artery
What artery supplies the spinothalamic tract in the medulla?
PICA
What does the MLF connect? What artery supplies the MLF?
CN III, IV, VI
*****Supplied by the Anterior Spinal Artery
What artery supplies the Inferior Cerebral Peduncle? What does the Inferior Cerebral Peduncle do?
PICA
*Connects the cerebellum to the medulla
What is the only sensory CN that is located in the pons?
Vestibular cochlear (CN VIII)
What does AICA supply?
Anterior inferior cerebellum
What is the pure motor CN nuclei in the pons?
Abducens
What is the terminal branch of the basilar artery?
Posterior Cerebral Artery
What does the PCA supply?
- Occipital lobe
- Tectum of Midbrain
- Thalamus
- Hippocampus
What branch of the PCA supplies the Tectum of Midbrain?
Quadrigeminal a.
What two arteries can the quadrigeminal a. branch from?
PCA
Superior cerebellar a.
What are the thalamoperforator or thalamogeniculate a.?
Branches of the PCA that go to the Thalamus
What artery is the Calcarine branch a branch of?
PCA
What part of the cortex is supplied by the calcarine bracnh of the PCA?
Priamry visual cortex
