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Adan - ANE 8509 Principles of Anesthesia I Updated '24 > Exam 3- Anesthesia Machine I (7/11/23) > Flashcards

Exam 3- Anesthesia Machine I (7/11/23) Flashcards

1
Q

What group oversees the standards of the anesthesia machine?

A
  • American Society for Testing and Materials
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2
Q

What should the anesthesia machine do/provide?

A
  • Provide accurate and safe gas delivery
  • Provide a means for ventilating patients
  • Provide electrical outlets
  • Provide a housing for monitoring devices
  • Provide storage/shelving
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3
Q

What features of the anesthesia works if the Master Switch is OFF?

A
  • Battery charger
  • Electrical outlets
  • Oxygen flush valve is active
  • Auxiliary oxygen flowmeter

Only if machine is plugged into electrical outlet

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4
Q

What is the best way to save power on your ventilator if you lose power during an operation?

A
  • Switch from control ventilator to manual ventilation
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5
Q

What are the electrical outlets on the anesthesia machine used to power?

A
  • Anesthesia monitors
  • Other appliances should be plugged into hospital’s main outlets
  • If requirements exceed outlet; circuit breaker will activate
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6
Q

What are the 3 parts of the pneumatic system?

A
  • High Pressure
  • Intermediate Pressure
  • Low Pressure
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7
Q

The high-pressure system receives gas from the _______ at high variable pressure.

A
  • Cylinders

The pressure needs to be reduced to a lower, more constant pressure suitable for use in the anesthesia machine

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8
Q

What is the purpose of the Hanger Yoke?

A
  • Orients and support the cylinder
  • Provide a gas-tight seal
  • Ensures unidirectional flow

It is required to have one hanger yoke for oxygen and one hanger yoke for nitrous

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9
Q

What are the parts of the Hanger Yoke?

A
  • Body- principal framework
  • Retaining screw- tightens cylinder (clamp)
  • Nipple- thru which gas enters the machine
  • Index pins- prevents attaching an incorrect cylinder (PISS)
  • Washer- forms seal between cylinder and yoke
  • Check valve assembly- ensure unidirectional flow
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10
Q

What is the purpose of the check valve assembly of the hanger yoke?

A
  • Ensures unidirectional flow
    • Prevent gas from exiting the machine when there is no cylinder in the yoke
    • Prevent gas from being transferred from a cylinder with higher pressure to one with lower pressure
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11
Q

How do cylinder pressure indicators work?

A
  • The Bourdon gauge consists of a tube bent into a coil or an arc.
  • As the pressure in the tube increases, the coil unwinds/straightens.
  • A pointer connected to the end of the tube can be attached to a lever and a pointer calibrated to indicate pressure.

Gauge required to be calibrated to kPa or psi

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12
Q

What is the purpose of pressure regulators?

A
  • Reduce high, variable pressure in cylinders to lower constant pressure for the machine.
  • One pressure regulator must be present for each cylinder

Pressure regulators are also called reducing valves

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13
Q

What were the components of the high-pressure system?

A
  • Cylinder
  • Hanger Yoke
  • Bourdon Gauge
  • Pressure Reducing Valve (Pressure regulator)
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14
Q

Where does the intermediate system get its pressure from?

A
  • Receives pressure from the pressure regulator (45 psi 1st stage regulator)
  • Receives pressure from the pipeline (50-55 psi)
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15
Q

What is the intermediate pressure system pressure if the master switch is OFF?

A
  • 0 mmHg
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16
Q

What is included in the intermediate pressure system?

A
  • Pneumatic part of the master switch
  • Pipeline inlet connections
  • Piping
  • Oxygen pressure failure devices
  • Oxygen flush valve
  • Flow control valves
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17
Q

What is the pipeline inlet connection?

A
  • The entry point for gases from the pipelines.

Pipeline inlet connects are fitted with a diameter index safety system (DISS)

18
Q

The anesthesia machines are required to have pipeline inlets for what gases?

A
  • Required: Oxygen and Nitrous
  • Most also have air
19
Q

What will prevent the anesthesia machine gas from returning to the pipeline?

A
  • Unidirectional check valve
20
Q

Where is the pipeline pressure indicator located?

A
  • Found on the front of the anesthesia machine

Picture next to the pressure indicator signifies whether gas is from the pipeline or cylinder.

21
Q

The piping connects the components inside the machine and must be able to withstand ______ times the intended pressure.

A
  • 4 times (about 200 psi)
22
Q

Leaks must not exceed __________ ml/min inside the anesthesia machine.

A
  • 25 ml/min
23
Q

How does the oxygen failure safety device work?

A
  • If O2 pressure is reduced to 30 psi, other gases like nitrous will decrease or discontinue to maintain at least 19% O2 concentration at the common gas outlet.

Oxygen failure alarm will sound within 5 seconds

24
Q

What two places does the oxygen flush get its supply?

A
  • Receives oxygen from pipeline inlet
  • Receives oxygen from cylinder pressure regulator
25
Q

What are the standards for the oxygen flush?

A
  • Must be operable with 1 hand
  • Single purpose
  • Self-closing
  • Designed to minimize accidental use
  • Have flow between 35-75 L/min (can cause barotrauma)
26
Q

What are the hazards of using the oxygen flush?

A
  • Barotrauma
  • Awareness
27
Q

What is the function of the flow adjustment control?

A
  • Regulate the flow of oxygen, air, and other gases
28
Q

What is unique about the oxygen flow knob?

A
  • It must be fluted and larger than other gases (looks and feels different)
29
Q

What are the components of the low-pressure system?

A
  • Flowmeters
  • Unidirectional valves (within the machine)
  • Pressure relief devices
  • Common gas outlet
  • Hypoxia prevention devices
30
Q

The low-pressure system is downstream of ___________.

A
  • flow control devices (knobs)
31
Q

What indicates the rate that gas passes through?

What pressure is maintained in this area and what allows for that pressure?

A
  • Flowmeter
  • A pressure of 14-30 psi and it is achieved by the 2nd stage regulator.

Thorpe tube design, small diameter at the bottom, wider at the top

32
Q

What is the flowmeter sequence?

A
  • Normal gas flow bottom to top
  • Left to right
33
Q

The standard requires __________ flowmeter to be placed on the right side.

A
  • Oxygen

By having the O2 flowmeter on the right, there is the least chance of leaking and being hypoxic.

34
Q

What are the hypoxia prevention devices?

A
  • Mandatory Minimum Oxygen Flow
  • Minimum Oxygen Ratio
35
Q

The mandatory minimum oxygen flow is ____ - ______ ml/min.

A
  • 50 to 250 ml/min

Master switch needs to be ON for mandatory minimum oxygen flow to work.

36
Q

What is the minimum oxygen ratio?

A
  • Gas ratio between oxygen and nitrous
  • Link engages when oxgyen concentration is 25%.`
37
Q

Where are the unidirectional valves located in the low-pressure system?

A
  • Located between the vaporizer and common gas outlet.
38
Q

The low-pressure unidirectional valves are upstream (before) from the _________ valve.

A
  • Oxygen Flush

Theses unidirectional valves will lessen the back pressure from flush or breathing circuit

39
Q

What is the drawback to the pressure relief valve of the low-pressure system?

A
  • Limits the ability of the machine to provide adequate jet ventilation
40
Q

The common gas outlet should not be used for __________.

A
  • Supplemental oxygen

This can cause delay in emergencies and cause potential delivery of inhalation agents.

41
Q

What component receives all gases from the machine and delivers the mixture to the circle system?

A
  • Common gas outlet
42
Q

What can deliver oxygen in case of an electronic power failure?

A
  • Alternate Oxygen Control

If you press this button, everything shuts off but this oxygen back up supply.

Adan - ANE 8509 Principles of Anesthesia I Updated '24 (28 decks)

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