Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

TRI 6 - Peds > Exam 3 actual > Flashcards

Exam 3 actual Flashcards

1
Q

Describe ventilation and circulation

A

Ventilation - flow of gases
Circulation - Movement of blood in the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Describe heart development at week 1-4

A

Heart develops from pair of thin walled muscular tubes beneath the floor of the pharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Describe heart development at week 5

A

Atria and interventricular septa begin to divide the interior of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Describe heart development at week 8-10

A

Heart sounds present

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How are infant airways different

A

Higher larynx
Smaller diameter airway
Increased resistance and work

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How are infant alveolar capillary membranes different

A

Fewer alveoli
Thicker alveolar walls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How are infant muscles of ventilation different

A

Stabilizers rather than mobilizers
decreased length tension relationship
Diaphragm fewer fatigue restraint fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe normal breath development

A

Newborn - diaphragmatic nose breather
12 months - Additional use of accessory muscles
over 12 months - refined breath skill for movement and speech

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe RDS

A

Occures in premature infants whose lungs have not yet fully developed, caused by a lack of surfactant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are some SS of RDS

A

Rapid shallow breath
Sharp pulling in of the chest below the rib cage
Grunting
Flaring of the nostrils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are some treatment for RDS

A

Respiratory distress syndrome
Surfactant replacement therapy
Nasal continuous positive airway pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Describe BPD

A

Chronic inflammation and destruction of airways and other lung structures, results in chronic pulmonary obstructive disease
Often found in preterm neonates who were on ventilators

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe asthma

A

Chronic lung disease that inflames and narrows airways caused by triggers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are some SS of asthma

A

Coughing
Wheezing
Chest tightness
Shortness of breath

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Describe cystic fibrosis

A

Thick viscous fluids infect the lungs and other tissues of the body due to impaired chloride channels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are some symptoms of cystic fibrosis

A

very salty tasting skin
persistent cough sometimes with phlegm frequent lung
infections
wheezing or shortness of breath
poor growth or weight gain in spite of a
good appetite
greasy bulky stools

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are some cystic fibrosis complications

A

Bronchiectasis
Chronic infections
Nasal polyps
Coughing up blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Describe atrial septal defect

A

When the foramen ovale does not close properly, corrected surgically

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Describe ventricular septal deficit

A

Abnormal opening of the septum that separates the two ventricles of the heart, increases blood volume in the right ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Describe tetralogy of fallout

A

Cyanotic heart defect causing low oxygen levels in the blood and bluish purple color to the skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the four deficits that make up tetralogy of fallout

A

Ventral septal defect
Pulmonary stenosis
Overriding aorta
Right ventricle hypertrophy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Describe hypoplastic left heart syndrome

A

Small left ventricle and aortic atresia
Surgical correction and sometimes heart transplant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are some symptoms that may indicate heart problems in infants

A

SOB during feeding
Sweating during feeding
Mouth turning blue
Passing out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What population is the Fitness gram and Brockport used with

A

Fitness gram - Healthy
Brockport - Disabled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What are some population targeted by the brockport

A

Intellectual disabilities
Cerebral palsy
SCI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What are some exercise precautions for kids with down syndrome

A

Screen for cardiorespiratory restrictions
Screen for atlanto axial instability and joint hypermobility’s
Design program with medical team

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What are some exercise precautions for kids with muscular dystrophy

A

Avoid high resistance and eccentric exercises

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What are some exercise precautions for kids with spina bifida

A

Shunt malfunctions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What are some exercise precautions for kids with Autism

A

Higher incidence of seizures, sensory issues
Consider behavioral issues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What are the three major ASD characteristics

A

Difficulties in social interactions, verbal and nonverbal communication and repetitive behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Describe the levels of autism

A

1 - Requires support
2 - Requires substantial support
3 - Requires very substantial support

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What are some autism risk factors

A

Advanced paternal age
Maternal antidepressant use
Shorter time between births
Smaller premature babies
Maternal flu during pregnancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What are some associated medical issues of autism

A

ADD
Communication disorders
Epilepsy
GI disorders
Intellectual disability
Obesity

34
Q

What are some feeding concerns with autism

A

Restricted intake due to preference and refusal
Difficulty accepting new foods
Atypical eating behavior

35
Q

What are some early detection sigs of autism by age

A

6 months - No big smiles or joyful expressions
9 months - no back and forth sharing of sounds, smiles or other facial expressions
12 months - Lack of response to name, no baby talk, no back and forth gestures
16 months - no spoken words
24 months - no meaningful two word phrases that don’t involve imitating or repeating

36
Q

What are some strategies when working with ASD kids

A

Make it visual
Keep it simple
Support development of communication skills
Use behavioral supports
Use sensory supports

37
Q

What are some diagnoses with sensory processing disorders

A

Autism
CP
ADHD
Down syndrome

38
Q

Which sensory systems can be involved in sensory processing disorders

A

All of them

39
Q

Breifly describe the two kinds of sensory impairment

A

Hyposensitivity - partial registration, leads to sensory craving and impaired discrimination
Hypersensitivity - Sensory defensiveness, leads to sensory avoidance

40
Q

Define sensory threshold

A

The amount of input it takes to activate the sensory receptors and fire the system

41
Q

What is the best way to determine what type of sense if impaired

A

Watch their behavior, they will tell you

42
Q

Describe the test of sensory function in infants

A

For infants 4 - 18 months old
Assesses sensory processing

43
Q

Describe the sensory integration and praxis test

A

4-8 years and 11 months
2 hours to administer
tactile, visual, proprioceptive, vestibular function

44
Q

Describe the three levels of NICU care

A

1 - Basic care
2 - Specialty care - less than 32 weeks, resuscitation
3 - Subspecialty care, comprehensive care to complex newborns

45
Q

What defines a high risk infant

A

High probability of manifesting a developmental delay as the result of exposure to a variety of medical factors

46
Q

Describe RDS

A

Lack of surfactant leading to possible lung collapse or atelectasis

47
Q

What are some SS of RDS

A

Bluish color of the skin
Brief stop in breathing
Rapid or shallow breathing

48
Q

What are some treatments for RDS

A

Artificial surfactant
CPAP
Ventilator

49
Q

Describe is BPD

A

Chronic lung disease developed in infants who required mechanical ventilation to treat RDS

50
Q

What are the diagnostic criteria for BPD

A

Positive pressure ventilation during first 2 weeks of life
Clinical signs of abnormal respiratory function
Supplemental oxygen for longer than 28 days
Chest radiograph indicative of BPD

51
Q

Describe ductus arteriosus

A

Connection between the aorta and the main pulmonary artery

52
Q

What are some SS of ductus arteriosus

A

Tachycardia
dyspnea
heart murmur
cardiomegaly
Often asymptomatic

53
Q

How is ductus arteriosus treated

A

Medication - prostaglandins that encourage closure

54
Q

Describe pulmonary atresia

A

Occurs when pulmonary valve fails to develop
Results in obstruction of blood flow from right side of heart to the lungs

55
Q

How do you manage pulmonary atresia

A

maintain PDA for blood flow to the lungs until surgery can occur

56
Q

What are the four heart defects that are present in tetrology of fallout

A

VSD
Pulmonary infundibular stenosis
Overriding aorta
Right ventricular hypertrophy

57
Q

What are the SS of tetralogy of fallout

A

Cyanosis
Clubbing of nail beds
fatigue during play
poor weight gain
Irritability
Heart murmur

58
Q

How is tetralogy of fallout treated

A

Intercardiac repair during first year of life

59
Q

Describe the grades of IVH

A

1 - Germinal matrix bleed
2 - Germinal matrix and ventricle bleed
3 - Ventricles enlarge, hydrocephalus possible
4 - white matter destruction

60
Q

Describe periventricular leukemia

A

Form of white matter brain injury involving necrosis of white matter near lateral ventricles
Leading case of CP

61
Q

Describe hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy

A

Result of ischemia leading to oxygen and glucose depravation of the brain

62
Q

What can cause Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy

A

trauma, prolonged labor or compression of umbilical cord

63
Q

What are some SS of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy

A

Stupor / coma
Seizures
Changes in tone, posture, reflexes, respiration / autonomic function

64
Q

Describe necrotizing entercolitis

A

infection and inflammation resulting in destruction of the intestines

65
Q

What are some SS of necrotizing entercolitis

A

Poor feeding tolerance
Decreased bowel sounds
Abdominal distension
Redness of the abdomen

66
Q

Describe retinopathy of prematurity

A

Abnormal blood vessel development in retina

67
Q

What are the two phases of retinopathy of prematurity

A

1 - Delayed growth of blood vessels after premature birth
2 - hypoxia from stage one stimulates new vessel growth

68
Q

What are some treatments for retinopathy of prematurity

A

Cryotherapy
Laser therapy
Surgery to reattach retina

69
Q

Describe hyperbilirubinemia

A

yellow skin caused by too much bilirubin in blood

70
Q

What are some treatments of jaundice

A

Phototherapy

71
Q

What is the role of PTs in NICUs

A

Observation
Tolerance to handling
Active movements
Muscle tone and reflexes

72
Q

Describe in patient peds units

A

Need for intensive therapy services
3hrs combined PT/OT/SLP

73
Q

Describe Day hospitals

A

Child safe to return home but intensive therapy still required
5 full days per week

74
Q

Describe early intervention therapy

A

Children 0-3 years
Given in home environment

75
Q

Describe IDEA

A

Federal law that authorizes state and local aid for special education and related services for children with disabilities

76
Q

Describe IDEA part B

A

Extends education from 3-21 years

77
Q

Describe IDEA part C

A

Services for children up to three years old
Provided in the home

78
Q

What is an IFSP

A

Individualized family service plan
Goals and needs identified from 0-3 years of age

79
Q

What is the eligibility criteria for IDEA part B

A

Intellectual disability
Health impairment
ADHD

80
Q

Describe section 504

A

Organizations receiving public funds cannot discriminate against individuals with disabilities
Protected across the lifespan

81
Q

Describe a transitional service

A

Promotes movement from school to post school activities
Begins at 14, services to begin at 16

TRI 6 - Peds (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions