Exam 3

Question 1

Is a sculptural technique where the sculpted elements remain attached to a solid background of the same material

Answer 1

Relief

Question 2

Is a projecting image with a shallow or well depth, for example used on coins

Answer 2

Low relief

Question 3

Are modeled forms that project from the background by at least half their depth.

Answer 3

High-relief

Question 4

A type of sculpture in which the figures are presented in complete three-dimensional form and are not attached to a flat background

Answer 4

In the round

Question 5

Is an additive process. This means a soft material is worked by the artist to build up a shape or form (rather than talking material away in carving). Also unlike carving, soft materials such as clay and wax can be changed and reworked

Answer 5

Modeling

Question 6

Involves making a mold and then pouring a liquid material, such as molten metal, plastic, rubber or fiberglass into the mold. A cast is a form made by this process. Many sculptures are produced by the artist modeling a form (normally in clay, wax, or plaster). This is then used to create a mold to cast from. A mold can be cast more than once, allowing artists to create editions of an artwork.

Answer 6

Casting

Question 7

A casting process for which a sculptor must first produce the sculpture in wax. This method of metal casting requires a molten metal to be poured into a mold that has been created by means of a wax model. Once the mold is made, the wax model is melted and drained away.

Answer 7

Lost-wax casting

Question 8

Is a sculptural technique that involves using tools to shape a form by cutting or scraping away from solid material such as a stone, wood, ivory, or bone

Answer 8

Carving

Question 9

Is an Italian term that means counter poise. It is used in the visual arts to describe a human figure standing with most of its weight on one foot so that its shoulders and arms twist off-axis from the hips and legs in the axial plane

Answer 9

Contraspposto

Question 10

Is used to describe large-scale, mixed media constructions, often designed for a specific place or for a temporary period of time

Answer 10

Installation art

Question 11

Is a form of pottery treatment in which the surface of the pot is polished, using a hard smooth surface such as a wooden or bone spatula, smooth stones, plastic, or even spoons, while it still is in a leathery ‘green’ state or moldable state, before firing. After firing, the surface is extremely shiny.

Answer 11

Burnishing

Question 12

A ceramic made from mixing kaolin with porcelain stone

Answer 12

Porcelain

Question 13

Made by cutting sheets of colored glass in various colors and fitting them together in a pattern; often the segments are joined by strips of lead

Answer 13

Stained glass

Question 14

Is when metal is shaped by hammer blows

Answer 14

Metal forging

Question 15

Is a wildly renewable, available, easy-to-work with material. It has been used throughout history for ritual and daily purposes. Because wood is organic and vulnerable to heat, cold, water, and fire, wooden objects from the past are rare to find

Answer 15

Wood

Question 16

Is a pliable threadlike strand. Most naturally occurring fibers are either animal or vegetable in origin. Basket weaving is a traditional women’s art that has been used throughout the centuries

Answer 16

Fiber

Question 17

An art used to create the clothing we wear daily.

Answer 17

Textile

Question 18

Made from the sap of a tree originally only found in China.

Answer 18

Lacquer

Question 19

Is when an artist dips up a mass of molten glass at the end of a metal tube and blows into it creating an air bubble that can be shaped, hollowing the vessel

Answer 19

Glass blowing

Question 20

Refers to the amount of stretching stress a material can withstand before it breaks or bends

Answer 20

Tensile strength

Question 21

Is a building system where strong horizontal elements are held up by strong vertical elements with large spaces between them

Answer 21

Post and lintel

Question 22

Interior space whose roof rests on pillars or columns. Literally means “below columns”

Answer 22

Hypostyle

Question 23

The shaft of the column may be smooth or fluted; does not have a base; capital is rounded stone disk supporting a plain rectangular slab

Answer 23

Doric

Question 24

The shaft is fluted and rests on a stepped base; capital is carves in graceful scrolling forms called volutes

Answer 24

Ionic

Question 25

Shaft is fluted and rests on a more detailed stepped base; elaborate capital is carved with motifs based on stylized acanthus leaves

Answer 25

Corinthian

Question 26

In architecture, the decorative sculpted block surrounding a column

Answer 26

Capital

Question 27

Is a horizontal, continuous lintel on a classical building supported by columns or a wall, comprising the architrave, frieze, and cornice

Answer 27

Entablature

Question 28

The wide central section part of an entablature and may be plain in the ionic or Doric order, or decorated with bas-reliefs

Answer 28

Frieze

Question 29

The uppermost element of an entablature, which projects beyond the plane of the exterior wall; more generally, the overhanging molding atop any building

Answer 29

Cornice

Question 30

Lowest band of the entablature

Answer 30

Architrave

Question 31

The triangular upper part of the front of a building in classical style, typically surmounting a portico of columns

Answer 31

Pediment

Question 32

Curved structure usually wedge-shaped stones that serves to span an opening

Answer 32

Arch

Question 33

A wedge-shaped stone placed in the crown of an arch

Answer 33

Keystone

Question 34

A half-round arch extended in depth

Answer 34

Barrel vault

Question 35

Formed by the intersection of two barrel vaults of equal size at right angles

Answer 35

Groin vault

Question 36

A series of arches supported by piers or columns

Answer 36

Arcades

Question 37

Curved vault built to cover an interior space; takes form of shell

Answer 37

Dome

Question 38

A round opening at the center of a dome

Answer 38

Oculus

Question 39

Was an American architect, designer, writer, and educator. He designed more than 1,000 structures over a creative period of 70 years.

Answer 39

Frank Lloyd Wright