EXAM 3 Flashcards
Name branches from the internal carotid artery that supply areas of the face?
SUPRAORBITAL; Internal carotid typically supplies the brain
supratemporal
The middle meningeal artery is a branch of what major artery?
Maxillary Artery
List components of the circle of Willis
Two internal carotids and two vertebral arteries
Which meningeal space is associated with the spinal cord but not the brain?
Epidural space
Describes the diaphragma sellae?
dura mater that separates the cerebral cavity from the hypophyseal fossa
Name the dural sinuses that drain into the confluence of sinuses.
Straight sinus and superior sagittal sinus
Which sinus receives blood from the superior sagittal sinus?
Transverse (right)
Cerebrospinal fluid circulates in which of the meningeal spaces?
Subarachnoid
the anterior spinal artery is an unpaired artery that supplies part of the upper region of the spinal cord. describe its origin?
Vertebral artery
Olfactory fibers making up the olfactory nerves pass from the olfactory mucosa to the olfactory bulbs through which structure?
cribriform
List structures that pass into the orbit through the superior orbital fissure.
CN III, IV, VI, and V1
the origin of the axons that make up the optic nerve originate from which cells?
Retinal ganglion cells
identify extrinsic muscles of the eye NOT supplied by the oculomotor nerve?
Superior oblique (CN IV) and lateral rectus (CN VI)
which cranial nerves supplies motor innervation to the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles.
CN XI
List structures that exit the cranial cavity through the jugular foramen.
CN IX, X, XI
Which of cranial nerve supplies extrinsic and intrinsic muscle of the tongue?
CN XII: hypoglossal
The spinal accessory nerve exits the cranial cavity through which of the following foramen?
Jugular foramen
Parasympathetic fibers that control the shape of the lens and pupil are carried by which nerve?
CN III: occulomotor
The infraorbital, anterior superior alveolar, zygomatic, palatine, nasal, and posterior superior alveolar nerves are all branches of which nerve?
CN V2: maxillary branch
The mandibular branch of the trigeminal exits the cranial cavity through which foramen?
Foramen ovale
After passing through the body of the mandible, the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve exits the mandibular canal via which foramen?
Foramen ovale
What nerve exits the cranial cavity through the foramen rotundum?
Maxillary; V2
Cell bodies of sensory neurons carrying general sensory information from the dura of the middle and anterior cranial fossae, the external surface of the ear drum, and the anterior two-thirds of the tongue are located in which cranial ganglion?
Geniculate nucleus
Special visceral motor (SVM) modality supplies the stylopharyngeus muscle via which cranial nerve?
CN IX
The chorda tympani carries branches of which nerve inside the petrous portion of the temporal bone?
CN VII
Which of the cranial nerves innervates the anterior belly of the digastric muscle?
CN V; trigeminal nerve; (I pharyngeal arch)
Taste sensation from the posterior third of the tongue is carries by which of the following cranial nerves?
CN IX
Which of the following is the major parasympathetic nerve to thoracic and most abdominal organs?
Vagus nerve CN X
Which specific structure associated with the semicircular canals is responsible for detecting rotational acceleration?
Ampulla and crista ampullaris and vesticubular apparatus
The supraorbital and supratrochlear nerves are branches of which branch of the opthalamic nerve?
frontal nerve
Of the three auditory ossicles, which one is attached to the tympanic membrane?
malleus
Most of the roof of the orbit is formed from which bone?
frontal
The crista galli is an extension of which of bone?
ethmoid
Parasympathetic supply to the lacrimal gland is via which nerve?
CN VII
Cell bodies of the parasympathetic preganglionic fibers to the ciliary ganglion (source of cell
bodies of postganglionic fibers to the sphincter pupillae muscle) are located where?
Edinger-Westphal
Which extrinsic muscle of the eye abducts the eyeball?
Lateral rectus
Which cranial nerve supplies parasympathetic innervation to the parotid gland?
CN IX
Name the structures that form the nasal septum?
Septal cartilage, vomer, perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone
The maxillary sinuses open into which spaces/recesses via the semilunar hiatus?
Middle meatus
Name the muscles that elevate the mandible.
Masseter, medial pterygoid, and the temporalis muscle
Identify the communication pathway between the infratemporal fossa and the orbit?
Inferior orbital fissure
The maxillary artery is divided into three parts with reference to its branching pattern. Which structure is used to demarcate the three parts?
Lateral ptreygoid muscle
Name the arterial branches from the third part of the maxillary artery?
Posterior superior alveolar , infraorbital, desending palatine, artery to ptreygoid canal
The middle meningeal artery enters the cranial cavity via which foramen?
Foramen spinosum
Which of the hypaxial muscles is attached to the hyoid bone but is not part of the infrahyoid group?
Geniohyoid
Which of the scalene muscles attaches to the second rib?
Posterior
The anterior belly of the digastric nerve is derived from the first pharyngeal arch and is
innervated by which nerve?
CN V
Identify the muscles that consists of two bellies, originating from the body of the hyoid and the superior border of the scapula?
Omohyoid
Branches off the external carotid artery are grouped into terminal, anterior, posterior, or medial, depending on which direction they branch from the external carotid. Name these branches.
Anterior: lingual, facial, superior thyroid (lowest branch of external carotid)
Posterior: occipital and posterior articular Medial: ascending pharyngeal
Terminal: superficial temporal and maxillary
The nerve branch to the geniohyoid originate from C1 and runs partly with which cranial nerve?
CN XII
Ventral rami from which levels of the spinal cord make up the cervical plexus?
C1-C4
Name infrahyoid muscles supplied by the ansa cervicalis.
Sternothyroid, omohyoid, and sternohyoid
Identify the spinal cord levels of origin for the phrenic nerve.
C3-C5
Postganglionic fibers from which region of the sympathetic trunk supply all the smooth muscles and glands of the head?
Superior cervical ganglion
Which structure enters the pharynx by passing between the base of the cranium and the superior edge of the superior pharyngeal constrictor?
Auditory tube
Describes the location of the vallecular recesses.
Located on either side of the median glossoepiglottic fold
What is the narrowest part of the laryngeal cavity?
Rima glottis
Which pair of laryngeal cartilages are able to rotate in order to change the tension on the vocal ligaments (cords)?
Arytenoids
Name the part of the dura mater that separates the cerebral cavity from the hypophyseal fossa.
diaphragma sella
Identity the dural sinus that DOES NOT connect directly with the confluence of sinuses.
inferior sagital sinus
In what space does cerebrospinal fluid circulate?
subarachnoid space
Name the arterial branch from the vertebral arteries that supplies the upper part of the spinal cord
Anterior spinal artery