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KCU COB > Anatomy II Exam 3 Review > Flashcards

Anatomy II Exam 3 Review Flashcards

1
Q

The crista galli is an extension of which of the following bones?

Sphenoid
Ethmoid
Frontal
Palatine

A

Ethmoid

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2
Q

Which of the following is the parasympathetic nerve to thoracic and most abdominal organs?

Trigeminal Nerve
Spinal Accessory Nerve
Vagus Nerve
Hypoglossal Nerve

A

Vagus Nerve

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3
Q

Which of the following extrinsic muscles of the eye abducts the eyeball?

Superior oblique
Medial rectus
Lateral rectus
Inferior oblique

A

Lateral rectus

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4
Q

The anterior spinal artery is an unpaired artery that supplies part of the upper region of the spinal cord. It is formed from fused branches off which of the following?

Vertebral arteries
Intercostal arteries
Lumbar arteries
Subcostal arteries

A

Vertebral arteries

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5
Q

Which of the following does NOT contribute to the formation of the nasal septum?

Vomer
Perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone
Crista galli
Septal cartilage

A

Crista galli

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6
Q

The posterior belly of the digastric muscle is derived from the second pharyngeal arch and is innervated by which of the following nerves?

Facial
Trigeminal
Glossopharyngeal
Hypoglossal

A

Facial

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7
Q

Lesions affecting the trigeminal nerve resulting in loss of general sensation to the face on the same side and paralysis to muscles of mastication occur in which brain subdivision?

Telencephalon
Diencephalon
Mesencephalon
Metencephalon
Myelencephalon
A

Metencephalon

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8
Q

Taste sensation from the posterior third of the tongue is carried by which of the following cranial nerves?

Mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve
Facial nerve
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Vagus nerve

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve

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9
Q

Which of the following structures enters the pharynx by passing between the base of the cranium and superior edge of the superior pharyngeal constrictor?

Stylopharyngeus muscle
Auditory tube
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Salpingopharyngeus muscle

A

Auditory Tube

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10
Q

Which of the following represents the communication pathway between the infratemporal fossa and the orbit?

Pterygomaxillary fissure
Inferior orbital fissure
Superior orbital fissure
Pterygopalatine fossa

A

Inferior orbital fissure

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11
Q

Which of the following represent the spinal cord levels of origin for for the phrenic nerve?

C1-4
C2-5
C3-5
C3-7

A

C3-5

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12
Q

Cranial nerves characterized by the special visceral motor modality supply which of the following?

Smooth muscles of the gut tract
Skeletal Muscles
Muscles derived from pharyngeal arches
Autonomic Motor Muscles

A

Muscles derived from pharyngeal arches

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13
Q

Which of the following is a derivative of the original prosencephalon?

Metencephalon
Myelencephalon
Diencephalon
Mesencephalon

A

Diencephalon

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14
Q

Which of the following is the newest addition to the telencephalon in mammals?

Pallium
Mid-ventricular ridge
Neocortex
Paleocortex

A

Neocortex

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15
Q

The nerve branch to the geniohyoid originate from C1 and runs partly with which of the following cranial nerves?

Glossopharyngeal
Hypoglossal
Vagus
Spinal accessory

A

Hypoglossal

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16
Q

The inferior alveolar nerve passes through the mandibular canal and terminates as the mental nerve. The inferior alveolar nerve is a branch of which cranial nerve?

Facial
Trigeminal
Hypoglossal
Glossopharyngeal

A

Trigeminal

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17
Q

The middle meningeal artery enters the cranial cavity via which of the following foramina?

Ovale
Rotundum
Spinosum
Lacerum

A

Spinosum

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18
Q

Cell bodies of the parasympathetic preganglionic fibers to the ciliary ganglion (source of cell bodies of postganglionic fibers to the sphincter pupillae muscle) are located in which of the following?

Semilunar ganglion
Geniculate ganglion
Edinger-Westphal nucleus
Nucleus ambiguus

A

Edinger-Westphal nucleus

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19
Q

The maxillary artery is divided into three parts with reference to its branching pattern. Which of the following structures is used to demarcate the three parts?

Lateral pterygoid muscle
Medial pterygoid muscle
Mandibular ramus and masseter muscle
Superior alveolar process and temporalis muscle

A

Lateral pterygoid muscle

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20
Q

Which of the following BEST describes the diaphragma sellae?

A. It is an extension of the dura mater that extends down between the two cerebral hemispheres

B. It is a transverse sheet of the dura mater that is located between the occipital lobes of the cerebral hemispheres and the cerebellum

C. It is a part of the dura mater that deparates the cerebral cavity from the hypophyseal fossa

D. It is an extension of the dura mater that is located between the two cerebella hemispheres

A

C. It is part of the dura mater that separates the cerebral cavity from the hypophyseal fossa

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21
Q

Cranial nerve nuclei V, VI, and VII are found in which of the following subdivisions of the brain?

Medulla
Pons
Midbrain
Diencephalon

A

Pons

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22
Q

The anterior and middle superior alveolar arteries are direct branches of which of the following?

Second part of the maxillary artery
Mandibular artery
Infraorbital artery
Buccal Artery

A

Infraorbital artery

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23
Q

Increase in sexual activity, compulsive tendency to place objects in mouth, decreased emotionality, changes in eating behavior and visual agnosia are characteristics of the Kluver-Bucy syndrome. This results when which of the following is/are bilaterally destroyed?

Substantia nigra
Red nucleus
Amygdala
Thalamus

A

Amygdala

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24
Q

Extensive bilateral lesion involving the mid-pons and the midbrain reticular formation are associated with which of the following conditions?

Consciousness but quadriplegic
Coma
Hypotonia
Unconscious regulation and coordination of motor activities

A

Coma

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25
Q

The chorda tympani carries branches of which of the following nerves inside the petrous portion of the temporal bone?

Mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve
Facial nerve
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Vagus nerve

A

Facial nerve

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26
Q

Branches off the external carotid artery are grouped into terminal, anterior, posterior, or medial, depending on which direction they branch from the external carotid. Which of the following branches is a medial branch?

Facial
Maxillary
Ascending pharyngeal
Superior thyroid

A

Ascending Pharyngeal

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27
Q

Parasympathetic Fibers that control the shape of the lens and pupil are carried by which of the following nerves?

Opthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve
Oculomotor Nerve
Facial Nerve
Abducens Nerve

A

Oculomotor Nerve

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28
Q

The vestibular nuclear complex, associated with balance and equilibrium is located in which of the following subdivision of the brain?

Telencephalon
Diencephalon
Metencephalon
Myelencephalon

A

Myelencephalon

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29
Q

Proper chewing (mastication) requires that the mandible be moved from side to side and to be retracted and protracted. Which of the following muscles of mastication functions to retract the mandible?

Temporalis
Lateral Pterygoid
Medial Pterygoid

A

Temporalis

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30
Q

Which of the following scalene muscles attaches to the second rib?

Anterior
Middle
Posterior
None of the above, all attach to the first rib

A

Posterior

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31
Q

Vagal lobes are found in which of the following groups of organisms?

Fish
Amphibians
Reptiles
Mammals

A

Fish

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32
Q

Blood supply to the larynx is through superior and inferior laryngeal arteries. The inferior laryngeal arteries are direct branches of which of the following?

Inferior Thyroid Arteries
Middle branches of the maxillary arteries
Laryngeal branches of the external carotid artery
Pharyngeal branches of the external carotid artery

A

Inferior Thyroid Arteries

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33
Q

Which of the following is the major parasympathetic nerve to thoracic and most abdominal organs?

Trigeminal nerve
Spinal accessory nerve
Vagus nerve
Hypoglossal nerve

A

Vagus nerve

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34
Q

Which cranial nerve supplies parasympathetic nerve innervation to the parotid gland?

Vagus nerve
Hypoglossal nerve
Facial nerve
Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve

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35
Q

Two small cartilages possess two processes each, a muscular process and a vocal process. The vocal attachments of the two small cartilages are attached to the vocal ligaments. These cartilages are able to swivel by way of a ball and socket type of joint, allowing them to increase or decrease tension on the vocal ligaments. The ball and socket joints allow these cartilages to swivel on which of the following?

Arytenoid cartilages
Corniculate cartilages
Cricoid Cartilages
Cuneiform Cartilages

A

Cricoid Cartilages

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36
Q

The foramina rotundum and ovale are found in which of the following regions of the skull?

A

greater wings of sphenoid

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37
Q

Which of the following may be considered to be the center for homeostasis?

Epithalamus
Hypothalamus
Thalamus
RAS

A

Hypothalamus

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38
Q

The aryepiglottic ligaments and the corniculate cartilages form boundaries for which of the following?

Rima Glottidis
Laryngeal Inlet
Esophagus
Trachea

A

Laryngeal Inlet

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39
Q

Which of the following forms the anterior boundary of the infratemporal fossa?

TMJ and Styloid Process
Sphenoid Bone
Maxilla
Zygomatic Arch

A

Maxilla

40
Q

Almost all of the pharyngeal musculature is supplied by the vagus nerve. Which of the following muscles is supplied by the glossopharyngeal nerve?

Superior Pharyngeal constrictor
Stylopharyngeus Muscle
Salpingopharyngeus Muscle
Palatopharyngeus Muscle

A

Stylopharyngeus Muscle

41
Q

Ventral rami from which of the following levels of the spinal cord make up the cervical plexus?

C1-C3
C1-C4
C1-C5
C2-C4

A

C1-C4

42
Q

Most of the roof of the orbit is formed from which of the following?

Zygomatic bone
Temporal bone
Frontal bone
Sphenoid bone

A

Frontal bone

43
Q

Which of the following represents the original cephalic boundary of the neural tube and separates the two lateral ventricles of the telencephalon?

Papez circuit
Corpus striatum
Lamina terminalis
Neocortex

A

Lamina terminalis

44
Q

All of the following muscles elevate the mandible except?

Temporalis
Masseter
Lateral Pterygoid
Medial Pterygoid

A

Lateral Pterygoid

45
Q

The mandibular branch of the trigeminal exists the cranial cavity through which of the following foramina?

Foramen ovale
Foramen spinosum
Foramen rotundum
Foramen lacerum

A

Foramen ovale

46
Q

The medullary rhythmicity center is located in the same area of the brain as the cardiac center and the vasomotor center. The pneumotaxic and apneustic centers are located in which of the following parts of the brain?

Pons
Medulla
Mesencephalon
Thalamus

A

Pons

47
Q

Floccular lobes in the cerebellum of reptiles may correspond to restiform bodies in cartilaginous fishes. This function is most likely to related to which of the following?

Taste
Sight
Memory
Equilibrium

A

Equilibrium

48
Q

What cranial nerve provides motor innervation to muscles of facial expression?

A

Cranial Nerve VII

49
Q

Which of the following descriptions best describes the location of the piriform fossae?

Lateral to the median glossoepiglottic fold
Inferior to the lateral glossoepiglottic folds
Between the tonsillar pillars
Posterior to the uvula

A

Inferior to the lateral glossoepiglottic fold

50
Q

Which of the following dural sinuses DOES NOT connect directly with the confluence of sinuses?

Straight sinus
Transverse sinuses
Superior sagittal sinus
Inferior sagittal sinus

A

Inferior sagittal sinus

51
Q

Which of the following areas of the brainstem is thought to be involved in emotional and visceral response to odors?

Red nucleus
Restiform bodies
Pineal body
Habenular nuclei

A

Pineal body

52
Q

Which of the following areas of the brain secretes melatonin and is involved in regulating circadian rhythms?

Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Pineal body
Inferior colliculi

A

Pineal body

53
Q

The thalamus is a paired complex of many nuclei, some of which are associated with relaying sensory information to the cerebral cortex. OThers relay motor information from the cerebral cortex, and some serve to integrate the others. Which of the following relay information to the primary auditory cortex of the cerebral cortex?

Medial geniculate
Lateral geniculate
Ventral posterior
Anterior

A

Medial geniculate

54
Q

Melanin-containing, dopaminergic neurons and iron-containing cells that secrete serotonin and GABA are major components of which of the following?

Substantia nigra
Thalamus
RAS
Superior colliculi

A

Substantia nigra

55
Q

Which pair of pharyngeal cartilages are able to rotate in order to change the tension of the vocal ligaments?

Corniculate
Quadrate
Artytenoid
Cuniform

A

Arytenoid

56
Q

Which of the following infrahyoid muscles is NOT supplied through the ansa cervicalis?

Thyrohyoid
Sternothyroid
Sternohyoid
Omohyoid

A

Thyrohyoid

57
Q

Which of the following represents the narrowest part of the laryngeal cavity?

Infraglottic cavity
Rima glottidis
Rime vestibuli
Space between the vestibular folds

A

Rima glottidis

58
Q

The spinal accessory nerve exits the cranial cavity through which of the following foramina?

Foramen Ovale
Foramen Spinosum
Foramen Rotundum
Jugular Foramen

A

Jugular Foramen

59
Q

Which of the following ligaments extends from the base of the zygomatic process to the mandibular neck?

Temporomandibular
Stylomandibular
Sphenomandibular
Pterygopalatine

A

Temporomandibular

60
Q

The superior oblique extrinsic muscle of the eye is innervated by which of the following cranial nerves?

Occulomotor
Trochlear
Abducens
Opthalmic Branch of Cranial Nerve V

A

Trochlear

61
Q

Olfactory fibers making up the olfactory nerves pass from the olfactory mucosa to the olfactory bulbs through which of the following?

Sphenoethmoidal recess
Cribriform Plate
Optic Canals
Lateral Pterygoid Foraminae

A

Cribriform Plate

62
Q

Motor innervation to muscle of fascial expression is supplied by a cranial nerve that exits the cranial cavity through which of the following foramina?

A

stylomastoid foramen

63
Q

Which of the following arteries branches from the third part of the maxillary artery? (Could change this question up to a different branch)

Posterior superior alveolar
Buccal
Inferior alveolar
Middle Meningeal

A

Posterior superior alveolar

64
Q

The anterior belly of the digastric nerve is derived from the first pharyngeal arch and is innervated by which of the following nerves?

Facial
Trigeminal
Glossopharyngeal
Hypoglossal

A

Trigeminal

65
Q

The metopic suture is associated with which of the bones of the skull?

A

frontal bone

66
Q

Which of the following muscles serves as the posterior border of the anterior cervical triangle?

Superior omohyoid
Anterior digastric
Sternocleidomastoid
Trapezius

A

Sternocleidomastoid

67
Q

The cervical sympathetic trunk ascends on the anterior surface(s) of which of the following muscles?

Longus Colli and Capitis Muscles
Sternocleidomastoid Muscle
Anterior Scalene
Rectus Capitis Superior and Lateralis Muscle

A

Longus Colli and Capitis Muscles

68
Q

The origin of the axons that make up the optic nerve originate from which of the following?

Rod cells of the retina
Amacrine cells of the retina
Ganglion cells of the retina
Cone cells of the retina

A

Ganglion cells of the retina

69
Q

The cerebral hemisphere consist of large areas of gray matter such as the cortices and the striatum. In addition, there are many myelinated tracts comprising the white matter of the cerebrum. Which group of tracts connects gyri to gyri within the same hemisphere?

Commissural
Arcuate
Longitudinal
Unicate

A

Arcuate

70
Q

Which of the following muscles consists of two bellies, which originate from the body of the hyoid and the superior border of the scapula?

Omohyoid
Digastric
Geniohyoid
Cervicohyoid

A

Omohyoid

71
Q

Postganglionic fibers form which of the following regions of the sympathetic trunk supply all the smooth muscles and glands of the head?

Superior sympathetic ganglion
Middle sympathetic ganglion
Inferior sympathetic ganglion
Stellate ganglion

A

Superior sympathetic ganglion

72
Q

Parasympathetic supply to the lacrimal gland is via which of the following nerves?

Trigeminal
Facial
Glossopharyngeal
Oculomotor

A

Facial

73
Q

The gap above the middle pharyngeal constrictor is traversed by which of the following nerves?

Trigeminal
Facial
Glossopharyngeal
Hypoglossal

A

Glossopharyngeal

74
Q

In fishes, the primitive roof of the telencephalon is called the pallium. The pallium lacks layers of gray matter). In Mammals, one of the major characteristics of the telencephalon is the presence of layers of outer gray matter collectively referred to by which of the following?

Avian ridge
Neocortex
Globus pallidus
Corpus callosum

A

Neocortex

75
Q

Cell bodies of sensory neurons carrying general sensory information from the dura of the middle and anterior cranial fossae, the external surface of the eardrum, and the anterior two-thirds of the tongue are located in which of the following cranial ganglia?

Trigeminal (semilunar)
Geniculate
Superior salivatory nucleus
Inferior salivatory nucleus

A

Trigeminal (semilunar)

76
Q

The innervation of the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles would be described by which of the following modalities?

General Visceral Motor
General Somatic Motor
Special Visceral Motor
Special Somatic Motor

A

Special Visceral Motor

77
Q

What nerve provides sensory innervation to the very back of the head?

A

greater occipital nerve (C2)

78
Q

The supraorbital nerve passes through the orbit and exits through the _____ onto the face just above the orbit and is associated with which facial bone?

A

supraorbital foramen, frontal bone

79
Q

Special visceral motor (SVM) modality supplies the stylopharyngeus muscle via which of the following cranial nerves?

Cranial nerve IX
Cranial nerve X
Cranial nerve XI
Cranial nerve XII

A

Cranial nerve IX

80
Q

Which of the following cranial nerves supplies extrinsic and intrinsic muscle of the tongue?

Cranial Nerve IX
Cranial Nerve X
Cranial Nerve XI
Cranial Nerve XII

A

Cranial Nerve XII

81
Q

Which of the following extrinsic muscles of the eye is NOT supplied by the oculomotor nerve?

Lateral Rectus
Inferior Oblique
Medial Rectus
Inferior Rectus

A

Lateral Rectus

82
Q

The magnocellular zone of the RAS is characterized by a specific type of neuron with long radiating dendrites spread out in a plane perpendicular to the long axis of the brainstem. It has been suggested that the function of this area of the brain stem may be associated with which of the following?

Carrying information from the pineal body to the RAS

Connecting the superior and inferior colliculi

Picking up information from a variety of sources

Linking olfactory and taste sensations to the autonomic nervous system

A

Picking up information from a variety of sources

83
Q

The infraorbital, anterior superior alveolar, zygomatic, palatine, nasal, and posterior superior alveolar nerves are all branches of which of the following?

Opthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve
Facial Nerve
Maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve
Mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve

A

Maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve

84
Q

The nucleus cuneatus and nucleus gracilis are found in which of the following brain subdivisions?

Telencephalon
Diencephalon
Mesencephalon
Metencephalon
Myelencephalon
A

Myelencephalon

85
Q

Which of the following cranial nerves supplies parasympathetic innervation to the parotid gland?

Vagus Nerve
Hypoglossal Nerve
Facial Nerve
Glossopharyngeal Nerve

A

Glossopharyngeal Nerve

86
Q

The falx cerebri is a vertical extension of the dura mater between the two lobes of the cerebrum. It is attached to which structure?

A

crista galli

87
Q

Which of the following areas of the brain stem is thought to be involved in pain suppression?

Red nucleus
Restiform bodies
Periaqueductal gray
Vagal lobes

A

Periaqueductal gray

88
Q

Between the superior and middle pharyngeal constrictors there is a narrow gap. Which of the following structures passes through this gap?

Auditory Nerve
Stylopharyngeus Muscle
Palatopharyngeus Muscle
Vagus Nerve

A

Stylopharyngeus Muscle

89
Q

Which of the following branches from the internal carotid artery supplies areas of the face?

Posterior Auricular
Supraorbital
Occipital
Superficial Temporal

A

Supraorbital

90
Q

Which of the following BEST describes the location of the vallecular recesses?

Lateral to the median glossoepiglottic fold
Lateral to the lateral glossoepiglottic folds
Inferior to the lateral glossoepiglottic folds
Superior to the median glossoepiglottic folds

A

Lateral to the median glossoepiglottic fold

91
Q

What are the branches of CN VII?

A 
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
92
Q

Which of the following hypaxial muscles is attached to the hyoid bone but is NOT a part of the infrahyoid group?

Sternothyroid
Thyrohyoid
Geniohyoid
Omohyoid

A

Geniohyoid

93
Q

Which of the following cranial nerves does NOT exit the cranial cavity through the superior orbital fissure?

Oculomotor Nerve
Abducens Nerve
Maxillary Branch of Trigeminal Nerve
Trochlear Nerve

A

Maxillary Branch of Trigeminal Nerve

94
Q

Mammillary bodies are large nuclear groups associated with the diencephalon and are located on the ventral side of the hypothalamus. Which of the following is thought to be one of the their functions?

Involved in olfactory reflexes and emotional responses to odors

Control of autonomic nervous system

Projection of information to primary visual cortex

Secretion of melatonin

A

Involved in olfactory reflexes and emotional responses to odors

95
Q

Which of the following is the only basicranial bone that is entirely preformed in cartilage?

A

ethmoid

96
Q

Almost all infrahyoid muscles are characterized by which of the following innervation patterns?

Hypoglossal Nerve
Ansa Cervicalis
C2
C2-C3

A

Ansa Cervicalis

97
Q

Which of the following structures/spaces is associated with the spinal cord but not the brain?

Arachnoid membrane
Pia mater
Subdural space
Epidural space

A

Epidural space

KCU COB (3 decks)

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