Exam 3 Flashcards
Which of the following statements is true in regards to melanocytes?
A. Each individual has a different number of melanocytes
B. Melanocyte activity is the same amoung all individuals
C. Differences in the number of melanocytes leads to differences in skin color.
D. Differences in melanocyte activity lead to differences in skin color
D. Differences in melanocyte activity lead to differences in skin color
Sensory receptors located in the upper dermis that idfentify light touch/pressure are the:
A. Meissner’s corpuscle
B. Pacinian’s corpuscle
C. Adipose tissue
D. Blood vessels
A. Meissner’s corpuscle
Which of the following is the site of mitotic division for the epidermis?
A. Stratum corneum
B. Stratum granulosum
C. Stratum spinosum
D. Stratum basale
D. Stratum basale
Which of the following is not associated with spongy bone?
A. Trabeculae
B. Osteons
C. Red marrow
D. Osteoblasts
B. Osteons
An individual with high blood calcium concentrations would expect which of the following to occur?
A. Realse of Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
B. Realse of calcitonin
C. Increased osteoclast activity
D. None of the above.
B. Realse of calcitonin
Deficiency of vitamin C would result in which of the following diseases?
A. Rickets
B. Scurvy
C. Osteomalacia
D. Beri-beri
B. Scurvy
Which of the following structures is not assoicated with a hair follicle?
A. Arrector pili muscle
B. Apocrine sweat galnd
C. Sebaceous gland
D. Eccrine sweat gland
D. Eccrine sweat gland
The presence of the ___ indicates that longitudinal growth is finish.
A. Epiphysis
B. Epiphseal plate
C. Epiphseal line
D. Diaphysis
C. Epiphseal line
The cribriform plate and crista galli are assoicated with which bone?
A. Occipital bone
B. Zygomatic Bone
C, Temporal Bone
D. Ethmoid Bone
D. Ethmoid Bone
Which of the following is the primary inorganic component of bone?
A. Calcium
B. Phosphate
C. Hydroxyapatite
D. Potassium
C. Hydroxyapatite
As always present and active and found predominantly at the neck and forehead, describe which of the following glands?
A. Eccrine sweat glands
B. Apocrine sweat glands
C. Sebaceous glands
D. Endocrine glands
A. Eccrine sweat glands
Which of the following is not true of apocrine sweat glands?
A. Always present and active
B. Become active at/after puberty
C. Triggered by stress and sexual arousal
D. Located primarily at the armpits and groin area
A. Always present and active
Which of the following does not support bone growth and bone health?
A. Vitamin D
B. Calcitonin
C. Human Growth Hormone
D. Throid hormone (T3 and T4)
E. All the above support bone growth/ health
E. All the above support bone growth/ health
Which of the following is required for the production of bone matrix, in particular, the production of collagen fibers?
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin D
C. Vitamin C
D. Vtiamin B12
C. Vitamin C
The site of mitotic divison for the nail is:
A. the nail plate
B. the nail bed
C. lunula
D. None of the above
C. lunula
The site of attachment for tendons and ligaments is the:
A. Periostenum
B. Medullary cavity
C. Endosteum
D. Yellow bone marrow
A. Periostenum
Which component of the dermis allows for mitotic division at epithelial tissue to occur?
A Hair root
B. Stratum basale
C. Papillae
D. Adipose
E. None of the above.
C. Papillae
Which of the following connects the central canals of osteons?
A. Cancaliculi
B. Lacunae
C. Perforating canals
D. Osteocytes
C. Perforating canals
There are ____ facial bones and ____ cranial bones that make up the skull.
A. 8, 12
B 8, 14
C. 14, 8
D. 12, 8
C. 14, 8
Small canals that connect adjacent lacunae are known as:
A. Canaliculi
B. Perforating (Volkmann’s) canal
C. Transverse channels
D. Osteon
A. Canaliculi
Parathyroid hormone is produced at the ___ gland and calcitonin is prodduced at the ___ gland.
A. parathyroid; thyroid
B. thyroid; parathyroid
C. parathyroid; thalamus
D. thymus; thyroid
A. parathyroid; thyroid
Which of the following vitamins can be produced by skin?
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin C
C. Vitamin D
D. Vitamin E
C. Vitamin D
Human Growth Hormone would most likely target which of the following zones at the epiphyseal plate?
A. Zone of resting cartilage
B. Zone of proliferating cartilage
C. Zone of hypertrophic cartilage
D. Zone of calcified cartilage
B. Zone of proliferating cartilage
The presence of an epiphyseal plate indicates that:
A. the bone length is increasing
B. the bone length is no longer increasing
C. the bone diameter is increasing
D. the bone is dead
A. the bone length is increasing
Damage to only the epidermis describes what type of burn?
A. Superficial partial thickness (1st degree)
B. Deep partial thickness (2nd degree)
C. Full thickness (3rd degree)
D. None of the above
A. Superficial partial thickness (1st degree)
Temperature is the primary stimulus for which of the following structures?
A. Arrector pili muscle
B. Hair follicle
C. Sebaceous gland
D. Meissner’s corpuscle
A. Arrector pili muscle
Poorly organied bone fragments associated with spongy bone are known as:
A.canaliculi
B. trabeculae
C. perforating canals
D. osteons
B. trabeculae
At approximately what age is all bone fully ossified?
A, 18
B. 20
C. 25
D. 28
C. 25
Lack of red bone marrow would lead to the lack of which of the following cells?
A. Leukocytes
B. Thrombocytes
C. Erythroyctes
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
The fluid filled sac in which osteocytes are located are known as:
A. lacuna
B. lamella
C. osteocyte
D. canaliculi
A. lacuna
Osteoblast are ___ ; whereas osteocytes are ___
A. bone-forming cells; bone destroying cells
B. mature bone cells; bone-forming cells
C. bone-forming cells; mature bone cells
D. bone-destroying cells; bone forming cells
C. bone-forming cells; mature bone cells
Melanocytes produce ____ and are found within the stratum
A. melanin ; corneum
B. melanin ; basale
C. melanin lucidum
D. melanin ; granulosum
B. melanin ; basale
Which of the following is a facial bone?
A. Parietal only
B. Temporal only
C. Ethmoid only
D. None of the above
D. None of the above
Compact bone is organized into structural units called:
A. osteons
B. osteoids
C. osteoblasts
D. osteocytes
A. osteons
Which of the following bones is not derived from endochondral ossification?
A. Ribs
B. Femus
C. Ulna
D. Humerus
A. Ribs
Which of the following bones is not derived from intramembranous ossification?
A. Ribs
B. Humerus
C. Sternum
D. Clavicle
B. Humerus
Which of the following zones of epiphyseal plate leads to the overgrowth of the chondrocyes?
A. Zone of resting cartilage
B. Zone of proliferating cartilage
C. Zone of hypertrophic cartilage
D. Zone of calcified cartialge
C. Zone of hypertrophic cartilage
What of the following shows the proper order for the layers of epidermis at the leg?
A. Stratum corneum ,stratum lucidum, stratum granulsom, stratum spinosum, stratum basale.
B. Stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum basale.
C. Stratum cornuem, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale
D. Stratum cornuem, stratum granulsoum, stratum spinosum, stratum lucidum, stratum basale
C. Stratum cornuem, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale
The protein that causes cellular death and prevents water loss is:
A. kinase
B. keratin
C. troponin
D. All of the above
B. keratin
Which of the following cell(s) cannot undergo mitosis?
A. Osteocytes
B. Osteoblast cells
C. Osteoclast cells
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Which of the following is not a step during endochondral ossification?
A. Primary ossification center is at the diaphysis
B. Periosteum forms from connective tissue on the outside of the developing bone.
C. Hyaline cartilage changes to adipose tissue
D. Osteoblasts deposit bone tissue in place of cartilage
C. Hyaline cartilage changes to adipose tissue
Which of the following is a layer of the dermis?
A. Stratum corneum
B. Stratum lucidum
C. Stratum basale
D. None of the above
E. All of the above
D. None of the above
Which layer of epidermis is located only at the soles and palms
A. Stratum lucidum
B. Stratum basale
C. Stratum granulosum
D. Stratum spinosum
A. Stratum lucidum
Which of the following is a function of skin?
A. Protection
B. Sensory reception
C. Immunity
D. None of the above
E. All of the above functions
E. All of the above functions
An individual who suffered from osteomalacia or rickets would be expected to have an elevated concentration of which of the following homornes?
A. Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
B. Calcitonin
C. Throid hormone
D. Testosterone
A. Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
Which of the following bones would be found in the axial skeleton division?
A. Humerus
B. Ribs
C. Scapula
D. None of the above
B. Ribs
What are the two main hormones that regulate calcium homeostasis?
A. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and Calcitonin
B. Calcitonin and Vitamin D
C. PTH and Vitamin D
D. Throid and sex hormones
A. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and Calcitonin
The primary ossification center is the ___ for ____ ossification.
A. diaphysis ; intramemranous
B. diaphysis; endochondral
C. epiphysis; intramembranous
D. epiphysis; endochondral
B. diaphysis; endochondral
The vertebrae and auditory ossicles would be classifed in which of the following categories?
A. Long
B. Flat
C. Irregular
D. Sesamoid
C. Irregular
Which of the following is a mechanism of calcitonin?
A. Increases secretion of calcium at the kidney tubules
B. Increases absorption of calcium at the intestinal mucosa
C. Stimulates osteoclast activity
D. Increases absorption of calcium at the kidney tubules
A. Increases secretion of calcium at the kidney tubules
