exam 3 Flashcards
1
Q
figure 11.1 & 11.2
A
book
2
Q
pg 155-157
A
book
3
Q
origin
A
stable point where muscle attaches
4
Q
insertion
A
movable point where muscle attaches
5
Q
function
A
action??? effects muscle has on part of body
6
Q
innervation
A
name of nerve that controls it
7
Q
8 criteria for naming muscles & example of each
A
location- temporalis size- gluteus minimus shape-deltoid (triangle) orientation- transversus origin and insertion- infraspinatus (infraspinous fossa of scapula) number of heads- triceps (3 heads) action- extensor digitorum (entends fingers) length- longus
8
Q
deltoid
A
.
9
Q
biceps brachii
A
.
10
Q
linea alba
A
.
11
Q
brachioradialis
A
.
12
Q
retinaculum (wrist and ankle)
A
.
13
Q
pectineas
A
.
14
Q
adductor longus
A
.
15
Q
gracilis
A
.
16
Q
sartorius
A
.
17
Q
patella
A
.
18
Q
gastrocnemius
A
.
19
Q
soleus
A
.
20
Q
sternocleidomastoid
A
.
21
Q
trapezius
A
.
22
Q
pectoralis major
A
.
23
Q
serratus anterior
A
.
24
Q
rectus abdominus
A
.
25
external abdominal oblique
.
26
tensor fasciae latae
.
27
vastus lateralis
.
28
rectus femoris
.
29
vastus intermedius
.
30
vastus medialis
.
31
tibialis anterior
.
32
extensor digitorum longus
.
33
infraspinatus
.
34
teres minor
.
35
teres major
.
36
triceps brachii
.
37
semitendinosus
.
38
biceps femoris
.
39
semimembranosus
.
40
latissimus dorsi
.
41
gluteus medius
.
42
gluteus maximus
.
43
adductor magnus
.
44
iliotibial tract
.
45
calcaneal (achilles) tendon
.
46
supraspinatus
.
47
subscapularis
.
48
brachialis
.
49
supinator
.
50
pronator teres
.
51
muscles of arm
.
52
muscles of leg
.
53
specific side of forearm for extensors
posterior
54
specific side of forearm for flexors
anterior
55
4 muscles that make up rotator cuff
```
supraspinatus-
infraspinatus-
teres minor-
subscapularis-
stabilize shoulder joint
```
56
4 muscles that make up quadriceps femoris
rectus femoris
vastus lateralis
vastus medialis
vastus intermedius
57
3 muscles that make up hamstring
biceps femoris
semitendinosus
semimembranosus
58
3 muscles that make up calcaneal (achilles) tendon
plantaris
gastrocnemius
soleus
59
sternocleidomastoid
.
60
sternohyoid
.
61
digastric
.
62
mylohyoid
.
63
occipitofrontalis
.
64
temporalis
.
65
masseter
.
66
orbicularis oculi
.
67
orbicularis oris
.
68
buccinator
.
69
internal abdominal oblique
.
70
transverses abdominis
.
71
diaphragm
.
72
divisions of nervous system
Central Nervous System- brain and spinal cord
Peripheral Nervous System- spinal nerves, dorsal root ganglia, somatic nerves, and cranial nerves
Autonomic Nervous System- innervates glands, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and organs
73
three parts of neuron (nerve cell)
axon, dendrite, cell body
74
3 functional types of neurons
Sensory or afferent- conduct impulses to CNS
Motor efferent- conduct impulses away from CNS
Association or interneurons- located between the two others
75
label figures 16.1 16.3 16.5
book
76
in 16.2 label dendrites, neuron cell body, nucleus, axon hillock, axon, Schwann cell, node of Ranvier, myelin sheath, presynaptic terminals, collateral axon
book
77
a skeletal muscle is stimulated to contract by what structure?
motor neuron (nerves)
78
what chemical crosses the synapse, causing a muscle to contract?
acetylcholine
79
where is calcium released inside the muscle fiber to cause muscle contraction?
sarcoplasmic reticulum
80
what are the two types of myofilaments found in muscle cells that cause muscle contraction?
actin and myosin
81
all-or-none response
single muscle fiber contracts
82
first phase after a stimulus in a muscle contraction
lag phase
83
subthreshold stimulus
type of stimulus that will not elicit a response in the muscle, impulse is too low
84
what happens to the strength of contraction doing wave summation?
the strength of contraction increases greatly
85
tetanus
incomplete- rapid repeated contractions sent to muscle
86
maximum recruitment
lowest voltage stimulus at which all of the muscle fibers are stimulated
87
phases of muscle contraction
lag
contraction
relaxation
88
multipolar neuron
several dendritic processes, a single neuron cell, and a single axon
89
bipolar neurons
neuron cell body has two poles
90
pseudo-unipolar neurons
cell body with a single process attached to it
91
astrocytes
branched glial cells that nourish neurons and provide a blood-brain barrier. protects against blood borne infections
92
ependymal cell
line the ventricles of brain and serve as barrier between cerebral spinal fluid and nervous tissue
93
oligodendrocyte
cells that produce myelin in the CNS and wrap around several neurons
94
synapse
two adjacent neurons communicate with one another across a space
95
glial cells
surround neurons
