Exam 3 Flashcards
redox reaction
- involve transfer of electrons
- involve change in oxidation states
easily identifiable redox reactions
- combustion
- metal –> ionic compound
oxidation
loss of electrons
reduction
gain of electrons
True of False: oxidation and reduction can happen independently
FALSE. LIES.
reducing agent
- contains the thing being oxidized (whose charge increases)
- electron donor
oxidizing agent
- contains the thing being reduced (whose charge decreases)
- electron acceptor
Free element oxidation number
0
simple ion oxidation number
ion charge
sum of oxidation numbers
= the overall charge
F oxidation number
-1
H oxidation number
+1 (except with metal hydrides when it is -1)
O oxidation number
-2 except in peroxides when it is -1)
kinetic energy
energy of motion
KE =
1/2mv^2
Potential Energy
energy due to an object’s position or arrangement of its parts
Calorie to Joule
1 Calorie = 4.184 J
Heat
transfer of thermal energy
thermal equilibrium
when two or more substances in contact with one another reach the same temperature
internal energy (E or U)
- the sum of the energies in an individual particle of matter
molecular kinetic energy
KE of/ within molecules as they move
Change in Energy =
E final - E initial
Change in Energy is +
if a system absorbs energy from its surroundings
temperature vs. internal energy
- temperature is average KE
- internal energy is TOTAL molecular KE