Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

General Chemistry > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Chemistry 101 flashcards AP® Chemistry flashcards Periodic Table flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

redox reaction

A
  • involve transfer of electrons

- involve change in oxidation states

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

easily identifiable redox reactions

A
  • combustion

- metal –> ionic compound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

oxidation

A

loss of electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

reduction

A

gain of electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

True of False: oxidation and reduction can happen independently

A

FALSE. LIES.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

reducing agent

A
  • contains the thing being oxidized (whose charge increases)

- electron donor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

oxidizing agent

A
  • contains the thing being reduced (whose charge decreases)

- electron acceptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Free element oxidation number

A

0

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

simple ion oxidation number

A

ion charge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

sum of oxidation numbers

A

= the overall charge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

F oxidation number

A

-1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

H oxidation number

A

+1 (except with metal hydrides when it is -1)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

O oxidation number

A

-2 except in peroxides when it is -1)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

kinetic energy

A

energy of motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

KE =

A

1/2mv^2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Potential Energy

A

energy due to an object’s position or arrangement of its parts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Calorie to Joule

A

1 Calorie = 4.184 J

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Heat

A

transfer of thermal energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

thermal equilibrium

A

when two or more substances in contact with one another reach the same temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

internal energy (E or U)

A
  • the sum of the energies in an individual particle of matter
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

molecular kinetic energy

A

KE of/ within molecules as they move

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Change in Energy =

A

E final - E initial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Change in Energy is +

A

if a system absorbs energy from its surroundings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

temperature vs. internal energy

A
  • temperature is average KE

- internal energy is TOTAL molecular KE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

temperature and kinetic energy are

A

directly proportional

26
Q

state of an object

A

list that specifies objects current condition

27
Q

state function

A

property that depends SOLEY on the current state of an object

28
Q

open system

A

can gain or lose mass and energy

29
Q

closed system

A

can gain or lose energy, NOT mass

30
Q

isolated system

A

cannot gain or lose energy or mass

31
Q

heat equation: q=

A

C (delta t)

32
Q

heat capacity

A

the amount of heat required to raise an object 1 degree C

33
Q

C =

A

(mass)(specific heat)

34
Q

specific heat

A

amount of heat required to raise 1 g of a substance 1 degree C

35
Q

heat absorbed/released: q=

A

ms (delta t)

36
Q

chemical bond

A

the net attractive force between two atomic nuclei

37
Q

when chemical bonds are formed, energy is….

A

RELEASED

38
Q

chemical energy

A

P.E. of chemicals transferred in reactions

39
Q

exothermic

A

heat is a product

40
Q

endothermic

A

heat is a reactant

41
Q

heat of reaction

A

amount of energy absorbed or released in an rx

42
Q

pressure =

A

force / area

43
Q

atmospheric pressure

A
  • pressure from the atmosphere
  • 14.7 lb/ in ^2
  • around 1 amt
  • around 1 bar
44
Q

qv

A

heat at constant volume

45
Q

qp

A

heat at constant pressure

46
Q

P-V work: w =

A

P (delta V)

47
Q

P-V Work

A

energy transferred as system expands or contracts against surrounding pressure

48
Q

First Law of Thermodynamics

A
  • conservation of energy

- delta E = q + w

49
Q

q and w are….

A

NOT state functions

50
Q

Delta E is a….

A

state function

51
Q

heat of combustion

A
  • heat produced by a combustion rx
  • measured in a closed container
    #bombcalorimeter
52
Q

Bomb Calorimeter

A

measures the heat of rx under @ constant volume

53
Q

heat of rx in solution are measured by

A

constant pressure calorimetry

54
Q

delta H =

A

qp

55
Q

delta H (in terms of H) =

A

H final - H initial

H product - H reactant

56
Q

H =

A

E + PV

57
Q

Positive delta H

A

endo

58
Q

Negative delta H

A

exo

59
Q

Enthalpy

A

heat content of a system

H

60
Q

standard heat of reaction

A

value of delta H for a reaction under standard conditions and an actual number of moles (coefficients)

61
Q

Hess’s Law

A

for reactions that can be written in steps, delta H is the sum of the delta H’s from the steps

General Chemistry (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions