Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NURP 423 > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Prophylactic migraine tx

A 
Beta-blockers
Anticonvulsants
CCB
Tricyclic antidepressants
Gabapentin
ACE inhibitors
SSRIs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Common causative organism:

Impetigo

A

Staph aureus

GAS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Common causative organism:

Seborrheic dermatitis

A

S. malassezia (fungal)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Common causative organism:

Carbuncle/furuncle

A

MRSA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Common causative organism:

Cellulitis

A

Staph aureus

GAS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Common causative organism:

Allergic contact dermatitis

A

Poison ivy, oak, sumac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Common causative organism:

Diaper dermatitis

A

Candida

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Common causative organism:

Onychomycosis

A

e. floccososu
t. rubrum
t. mentagrophytes
c. albicans
aspergillus
fusarium
scopulariopsis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Common causative organism:

Tinea versicolor

A

malassezia furfur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Viruses:

HSV-1

A

Above waist, skin, face

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Viruses:

HSV-2

A

Genitalia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Common causative organism:

Scabies

A

Sarcoptes scabiei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Tx of abscess

A

Incision and drainage
Doxycycline, clindamycin, bactrim

Staph A covered with augmentin or cephalosporin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Tx of abscess with S&S of sepsis

A

IV vancomycin or linezolid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Tx of cellulitis

A

PCN, VK, amoxicillin/clavulate, dicloxacillin (GAS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Tx of MRSA

A

TMP-SMZ, minocycline, clindamycin, linezolid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Patho of acne

A

Abnormal keratinization causes retention of sebum in the pilosebaceous follicle, producing open comedones (blackheads) and closed comedones (whiteheads)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Benzoyl peroxide MOA

A

1) Comedolytic and bactericidal agent specific to p. acnes
2) Decreases p. acnes levels, decreases inflation caused by leukocytic and monocytic attraction to pilosebaceous follicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Benzoyl peroxide SE

A

Irritation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Benzoyl peroxide patient education

A

Could bleach clothing/towels

D/C OTC products before using Rx strength

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Retinoid MOA

A

Decreases sebum production, follicular obstruction, and number of skin bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Topical tx of acne

A 
Retinoic acid (Tretinoin)
adapalene (Differin)
tazarotene gel (Tazorac)
Benzoyl peroxide
Azelaic acid (Azelex)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

How to differentiate acne vulgaris from acne rosacea

A

Rosacea occurs between ages 30-50, really red cheeks rather than pustules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Tx of acne rosacea

A

Topical metronidazole and PO doxy/azithromycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Acne medication education

A

1) Avoid prolonged exposure to sun/wear sunscreen formulated for face
2) Use contraception
3) Stop OTC benzoyl products when starting Rx strength
4) Hypopigmentation may occur with azelaic acid in dark skinned pts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Before starting accutane

A

1) Two negative pregnancy tests

2) Two types of contraception

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Accutane monitoring

A

CBC, CMP, fasting triglyceride and cholesterol levels at baseline and one month after start of therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Accutane education

A

1) Avoid pregnancy for 1 month of D/C of therapy
2) BBW—increased aggressive/violent behaviors, back pain, arthralgias
3) Do not initiate in teens; drug may cause premature closure of epiphyses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Tx of lice & MOA

A

1) Permethrin & spinosad (ovicidal and insecticidal)

2) MOA—causes neuronal excitation of lice which then paralyzes them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Only non-neurotoxic tx for lice

A

Benzyl alcohol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Non-pharm tx of lice

A

1) nit comb
2) hair conditioner
3) mayo
4) olive oil
5) petroleum jelly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Acne vulgaris OTC TX

A

Salicylic acid and benzoyl washes

33
Q

Atopic dermatitis is also known as _________.

A

Eczema

34
Q

Patho behind atopic dermatitis

A

High IgE, immune response, chronic

35
Q

Tx for atopic dermatitis

A

1) Avoid irritants
2) Antihistamines, topical corticosteroids (avoid more potent corticosteroids around eyes, lips, groin, areas of sensitivity)
- -Start with low-intermed steroid applied BID, if no improvement;
- -Try higher potency steroid rather than increasing freq of low potency
- -Systemic steroids used for widespread dermatitis (tapered dose, decreased q2d for at least 2 weeks)
- -Medrol dose packs too short and may cause rebound
3) Emollients

36
Q

Tx of psoriasis (1st, 2nd, 3rd)

A

First line—topical steroids (high or very high potency ointment) and emollients

Second line—3-4 rounds of high-potency topical steroids, then maintenance application, add vitamin D analog (Calcipotrene/dovonex)

Third line—Refer to derm

Be aware of pregnancy/lactation

37
Q

Teaching for tinea capitis tx griseofulvin

A
  1. May decrease efficacy of OCPs
  2. May cause serious unpleasant reaction to alcohol
  3. More effective with high fat meal*
38
Q

Topical azoles MOA

A

Impair the synthesis of ergosterol, allowing for increased permeability and leakage of cellular components and results in cell death

39
Q

Topical azoles use

A

Apply once or twice a day x 2-4 weeks, continue therapy for 1 week after lesions clear

40
Q

Topical azoles caution

A

1) Not recommended in pregnancy/lactation
2) Admin cautiously in hepatocellular failure
3) Ketoconazole avoided in pts with sulfite sensitivity

41
Q

Topical azoles SE

A

Pruritis, stinging, irritation

42
Q

How do topical meds work for onychomycosis?

A

Cause leakage of fungal cell wall membrane

43
Q

Criteria to prescribe antiviral

A

1) Treat if rash has been present fewer than 72 hours or if new lesions are still developing
2) Any pt older than 50 yrs and immunocompromised should be treated

44
Q

Tx of seborrheic dermatitis & education

A

1) Antiseborrheic shampoos (Selsun blue, head & shoulders)
2) Low dose topical steroid lotion/gel (desonide) to help with itching
3) Avoid contact with eyes and rinse thoroughly

45
Q

Tx for candidias

A

1) Nystatin
2) Topical antifungal creams
3) Diflucan

46
Q

Monitoring for onychomycosis tx

A

ALT (alanine aminotransferase) and AST (aspartate aminotransferase) before start of tx and 6-8 weeks into therapy

47
Q

Ketoconazole & fluconazole

A

1) Ketoconazole—not recommended for pts with sulfite sensitivity
2) AE of both—GI upset, rash, fatigue, hepatic dysfunction, edema, hypokalemia
3) Should not be used in pregnancy
4) Interactions—severe hypoglycemia w/hypoglcyeic drugs; avoid anticholingergics, H2 blockers, and antacids within 2 hours so that absorption is not compromised

48
Q

Tx of herpes simplex

A

Topical acyclovir (oral if immunocompromised)

49
Q

Tx of herpes zoster

A

1) Acyclovir 800 mg 5x/day 7-10 days
2) Valacyclovir 1 g TID x 7 days
3) Faciclovir 500 mg TID x 7 days
4) PO gabapentin/lyrica for pain

50
Q

S&S of tinea versicolor

A

Round/oval macules w/an overlay of scales that may coalesce to form larger patches; often on trunk, upper arms, neck; Mild itching.

Dx by positive KOH test—budding yeast and hyphae

51
Q

Tx of tinea versicolor

A

Selenium sulfide shapoo (Selsun Blue)—apply daily, leave on 10-15 mintes x 1 week

Topical azole BID x 2-4 weeks

52
Q

ADHD meds – considerations before prescribing

A

1) Nonpharmacologic treatment (behavior modification, parent training, family therapy, etc)
2) Age, whether or not they can swallow a pill
3) Cardiac, tic disorder, substance abuse history
4) Short acting vs long acting
5) Nutrition/lifestyle changes

53
Q

Progression for ADHD meds

A

Stimulant medication, increase medication dose, nonstimulant, buproprion

54
Q

Common side effects of stimulants

A

Decreased appetite & delayed sleep onset

55
Q

Common side effects of nonstimulants

A

GI discomfort, appetite decreases, mood swings, BP increase

56
Q

Common side effects of clonidine & guanfacine for ADHD

A

Hypotension, dry mouth, oversedation, rebound HTN if abruptly stopped

57
Q

ADHD and anxiety considerations

A

Avoid prescribing methylphenidate

58
Q

First line tx of ADHD

A

Stimulants—methylphenidate or amphetamine salts (no preference, but methylphenidate usually started in children)

59
Q

What are SSRIs used to treat?

A

Anxiety, depression, OCD

60
Q

What drugs cause serotonin syndrome?

A

Certain cardiac medications, MAOIs, St. John’s wort, dosage too high

61
Q

Monitoring and education for SSRIs

A

1) Monitor for depression, BBW for suicidal thoughts, sexual dysfunction, weight gain, substance use
2) Rigorous medication inventory
3) Watch for signs of serotonin syndrome, myoclonus, hyperthermia, autonomic instability
4) Taper dose to avoid withdrawal

62
Q

Why cautiously prescribe benzos?

A

High potential for dependency

63
Q

TCAs MOA

A

Inhibit 5-HT and norepinephrine reuptake produce anxiolytic and antidepressant effects

64
Q

Causes of Parkinson

A

Cause not understood, can be drug-induced (associated with first gen antipsychotics)

65
Q

Medications used for Parkinson’s

A

1) Carbidopa-levodopa (mainstay tx—start when PD affects quality of life)
2) Dopamine agonist, MAO-B inhibitors, COMT inhibitors, amantadine, anticholinergic (benztropine)

66
Q

Mirapex MOA

A

Stimulation of dopamine D2-type receptors result in improved dopaminergic transmission in the motor area of the basal ganglia

67
Q

Mirapex SE

A 
Fatigue
Nausea
Constipation
Orthostatic hypotension
Hallucinations
Lower extremity edema
**Sleep attacks (counsel about driving)
Avoid in elderly
68
Q

How to dx migraines

A

1) Obtain thorough headache hx (age at onset, time of day, duration, precipitating/relieving factors; nature, intensity, and location of headache; associated symptoms)
2) Aura symptoms
3) Migraine diary to identify triggers
4) Family hx

69
Q

Tx of migraine in pregnancy

A

1) Risk vs benefit approach
2) Acetaminophen
3) Ibuprofen (if severe) in first and second trimester only
4) Tylenol w/codeine sparingly

70
Q

Education for abortive therapy for migraines

A

1) Frequency of medication and max daily dose
2) Administration technique
3) Acetaminophen overdose is common—do not exceed 3,250 mg/day

71
Q

Dilantin monitoring

A

Therapeutic level is 10-20 mcg/ml in a person with normal albumin

72
Q

Phenobarbital MOA

A

Binds to the barbiturate-binding site at the GABA receptor complex, leading to enhanced GABA activity

73
Q

First line tx for insomnia

A

1) Sleep hygiene

2) Benzo, benzodiazepine receptor agonists (Lunesta, ambien, zaleplon), or ramelteon (meltonin receptor agonist)

74
Q

Aricept side effects

A

1) NVD
2) Bradycardia
3) Insomnia
4) Nightmares (move med to morning if these occur)**

75
Q

Aricept education

A

1) realistic goals (increase length of time of self-sufficiency, delaying need for nursing home, reduce burden on caregiver)
2) Slow progression of disease
3) No current agents are curative; only modest improvements can be expected
4) Take with or without food

76
Q

Alzheimer’s mild to moderate first line tx

A

Donepezil (cholinesterase inhibitors)

77
Q

Alzheimer’s moderate to severe first line tx

A

Memantine (NMDA)

78
Q

Namenda MOA

A

Focuses on the glutamatergic system; blocks activation of NMDA receptor, inhibiting neuronal degeneration

79
Q

Namenda caution

A

Excreted renally (potential for decreased renal clearance of other drugs)

NURP 423 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions