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Perio > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Parafunctional is affected by:

A 
Size and shape and number of roots
Quantity and quality of the bone
Presence of microbial biofilm
Oral habits
Missing and shifting teeth
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2
Q

Allows some trauma without damage
Occurs when the condyles of the TMJ rest in the normal closed superoanterior position and the mandible is even contact
AKA Occlusion or Centric Occlusion or Maximum Intercupation or Vertical Dimension of Occlusion

A

Hyperfunction

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3
Q

Heavy occlusal forces exceed adaptive range causing injury in an otherwise healthy periodontium

A

Primary Traumatic Occlusion

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4
Q

Heavy occlusal forces exceeding the adaptive range causing injury EXCEPT the periodontium is already periodontally involved

A

Secondary Traumatic Occlusion

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5
Q

Traumatic occlusion DOES NOT mean the same

This occlusion sometimes function perfectly well

A

Malocclusion

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6
Q

Produces pain or dysfunction in the masticatory system

A

TMD- Temporomandibular Disorder

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7
Q

Disorder involves muscles not the joint

A

Extracapsular

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8
Q

Involves the joint itself 5-7% of the population would benefit from TMD therapy

A

Intracapsular

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9
Q

Single event injury (ex: car wreck)

A

Macrotrauma

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10
Q

Event over time that causes damage such as bruxism

A

Microtrauma

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11
Q

Oral habits are repetitive masticatory activities outside the normal range of function

A

TRUE

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12
Q

Muscle and facial disorders of the masticatory system:

A

Myalgia, trismus, spasm, dyskinesia, and bruxism

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13
Q

TMJ Disorders

A

Arthritis, etc

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14
Q

Mandibular Mobility Disorders:

A

Ankylosis, muscular fibrosis, and adhesions

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15
Q

Maxillomandibular Growth Disorders:

A

Neoplastic and Non-neoplastic disorders

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16
Q

Clenching/grinding

Nocturnal- night time
Diurnal- day time

A

Bruxism

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17
Q

Bruxism causes what to happen?

A 
Toothwear
Myalia
Tooth fractures
Headaches
Restorative nightmare
Hypertrophy- extraction nightmare
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18
Q

Bruxism may cause

A

Widened PDL, bone loss, and mobility in some people and in others cause hypercememtosis and tooth fractures in others but in both cause the patient pain and eventual tooth loss

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19
Q

TMD Symptoms:

A 
Pain
Tenderness in muslces & TMJ
Clicking- dyskinesia
Limited motion
Swelling
Ears ringing - tinnitus
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20
Q

Maximum Intercuspation

A

Centric occlusion
Vertical dimension of occlusion
Occlusion

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21
Q

Tooth or area that “hits first” preventing even, well distributed contact

A

Supracontact

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22
Q

Criteria for TMD treatment

  • Determine the correct differential diagnosis
  • Selected with reason and purpose
  • Directed towards the symptom relief
A

Clark’s Guideline

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23
Q

TMD Treatment: Home Therapy

A

Soft diet
Heat and cold packs applied
Exercises

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24
Q

TMD Treatment: Physical Therapy

A

Ultrasound
ELectrical Stimulation
Manipulations
More highly defined exercises

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25
Q

TMD Treatment: Occlusal Appliances

A

Splints
Biteguards
Nightguards
Sleep Apnea Devices

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26
Q

TMD Treatment: Behavioral Therapy

A

Counseling for:
Stress
Anxiety
Depression

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27
Q

TMD Treatment: Pharmacologic Therapy

A

Anti-inflammatories
Analgesics
Muscle Relaxants
Anesthesia

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28
Q

TMD Treatment: Surgical Procedures

A 
Arthroscopic
Arthrocentesis
Condylotomy
Condylectomy
Nerve Section
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29
Q

Considerations for Treating Patients with Temporomandibular Disorders:

A 
Appointment duration as brief as possible
Aids during treatment (biteblock)
Home care suggestions
Postoperative care (soft diet, etc(
Short and frequent recall appointments
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30
Q

State of morphofunctional harmony in which occlusal forces developed during function are WITHIN AN ADAPTIVE physiologic range
There are no pathologic changes

A

Orthofunction

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31
Q

State of morphofunctional disharmony in which the forces developed during function cause pathologic changes resulting in pain or abnormal function
Dependent upon the adaptive capabilities

A

Dysfunction

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32
Q

Activity such as grinding, clenching, etc which causes stress leading to resorption of either tooth or bone
Or hypertrophic changes such as hypercementosis
Or tooth fractures leading to pain
Or tooth mobility

A

Parafunctional

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33
Q

Pain in a joint structure

A

Arthralgia

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34
Q

Puncture of a joint space with a needle and removal of fluid

A

Arthrocentesis

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35
Q

Grinding or gnashing of the teeth

A

Bruxism

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36
Q

Clamping and forcing the teeth together without grinding

A

Clenching

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37
Q

Cracking or snapping noise in the TMJ because of disk and condyle incoordination; can occur in one or both joints

A

Clicking

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38
Q

Grating noise in the TMJ because of damage to the disk and articulating joint surfaces

A

Crepitus

39
Q

Abnormal movement; can descrive masticatory muscle incoordination or spasm

A

Dyskinesia

40
Q

Mandible in movement from side to side and forward; movement away from the intercuspal position

A

Encursive movement

41
Q

Vibration or movement of a tooth when in function; can be observed or felt by placing a finger over the tooth

A

Fremitus

42
Q

Enlargement

A

Hypertrophy

43
Q

The maximum intercuspation of the mandibular and maxillary teeth; also called supracontact

A

Interference

44
Q

Mandibular movement away from the midlinel the laterotrusive side moves away from the midline in function

A

Laterotrusion

45
Q

Mandibular movement toward the midline; the mediotrusive side moves toward the midline in function

A

Mediotrusion

46
Q

Relationship of form and function

A

Morphofunction

47
Q

Pain in muscle

A

Myalgia

48
Q

Inflammation in a muscle

A

Myositis

49
Q

Treatment that alters the occlusal contacts or mandibular position of the jaw

A

Occlusal therapy

50
Q

Pathologic changes in the oral cavity as a result of occlusal forces; an occlusion-producting injury

A

Occlusal trauma

51
Q

A occlusion that is free of disease and dysfunction and has adapted to some physiologic changes

A

Physiologic occlusion

52
Q

The mandible in the end point of the terminal hinge closure; also called centric relation position

A

Retruded contact position

53
Q

Involuntary contraction of a muscle or muscles, usually painful and interfering with function

A

Spasm

54
Q

Spasm in the masticatory muscles associated with a disturbance in the trigeminal nerve

A

Trismus

55
Q

The term that best describes heavy occlusal forces that have caused injury to tissues and bone in a normal periodontium is:

A

Primary traumatic occlusion

56
Q

The etiology of TMDs is described as:

A

Multifactorial

57
Q

An oral habit such as bruxism can result in all of the following EXCEPT one. Which one is the exception?

a. change in microbiota
b muscular hypertrophy
c. periodontal tissue injury
d. muscular pain

A

Change in microbiota

58
Q

What are the four primary symptoms of TMDs?

A

Muscle pain, jaw pain, dyskinesia, and limitation of motion

59
Q

Myalgia is best described as:

A

Pain in the muscles

60
Q

The normal jaw should achieve am opening distance of at least 40 mm. Any finding less than 40 mm should be considered a symptom of a TMD and referred for treatment.

a. both are true
b. both are flase
c. first statement true, second is false
d. first statement is false, second is true

A

C

61
Q

The most frequently recommended approach for the treatment of TMDs is physical medicine therapy because it is conservative and reversible.

a.

A

Both the statemnt and the reason are correct and related!

62
Q

What perio procedural phase is this?

Emergency treatment

  • dental or periapical in origin
  • periodontal
  • extractions
A

Preliminary Phase

63
Q

What perio procedural phase is this?

Plaque biofilm
Diet control sugar intake
Scaling and root planning
Restorative
Antimicrobial
Occlusal therapy
Orthodontic
Splinting
A

Phase 1- Etiologic Phase

64
Q

What perio procedural phase is this?

Periodontal Surgery

  • periodontal, gingivectomy, etc
  • including implants
  • endodontic therapy
A

Phase 2- Surgical Phase

65
Q

What perio procedural phase is this?

Final restorations
Fixed and removable prosthodontics
Evaluation of response to restorativce phase
New periodontal exam

A

Phase 3- Restorative Phase

66
Q

What perio procedural phase is this?

Plaque and biofilm removal
Monitoring- periodontal condition, occlusion and tooth mobility, & all other pathologic conditions

A

Phase 4 Therapy- Maintenance Phase

67
Q

Case Type 1

A

Gingivitis

68
Q

Case Type 2

A

Slight Chronic Periodontitis

69
Q

Case Type 3

A

Moderate Chronic or Aggressive Periodontitis

70
Q

Case Type 4

A

Advanced Chronic Periodontitis or Aggressive Periodontitis

71
Q

Case Type 5

A

Refractory Chronic or Aggressive Periodontitis

72
Q

Slight

A

1-2 mm loss

73
Q

Moderate

A

3-4 mm loss

74
Q

Severe

A

5 mm or greater

75
Q

Considerations for # of visits:

A

Severity of disease
Extent of disease
Amount of calculus
Amount of patient education required

76
Q

Reason for the procedure
Description of the procedure
Benefits from the procedure
Risks that could result from the procedure
Prognosis with recommended procedures
Prognosis if recommended procedure not performed
Presentation of other available options or alternatives

A

Elements of Informed Consent

77
Q

Informed Refusal:

A

Pt has right to refuse
Pt must be informed
Patient must be aware of consequences
Written and signed by the patient and the hygienist
Pt DOES NOT and CANNOT give permission for malpractice

78
Q

Progress notes should do the following:

A

Accurate and concise
Chronologic sequence
Descriptions of service, teeth or area, anesthetic, and anything note worthy
Dates of changed and cancelled appts.
Phone calls related to treatment
Notes of prescriptions, drugs, or materials dispensed
Referrals and requests for radiographs
Recall plan
Dated and electronically signed by the clinician

79
Q

Chart notes

A

Progress notes

80
Q

What are the goals of the treatment plan?

A

To eliminate and control etiologic and predisposing factors of disease, maintain health, and prevent recurrence of disease

81
Q

The two universally accepted strategies for minimizing the risks associated with providing dental and dental hygiene services are:

A

Good documentation

Careful communication with the patient

82
Q

What is it called when the periodontal patient requires a follow-up visit to evaluate the response of the tissues to the scaling and debridement procedures?

A

Reevaluation or 1-month evaluation

83
Q

When should tissue healing and the patient’s progress toward effective plaque control be observed and evaluated?

A

4 weeks after the debridement sequence is completed to allow for healing of the connective tissues

84
Q

Organized systematic group of dental hygiene activities that provides the framework for delivering quality dental hygiene care

A

Dental hygiene process of care

85
Q

Which phase of treatment describes the periodontal procedures designed to control or eliminate the causative factors of disease?

A

Phase 1

86
Q

The term for when a patient refuses any further recommended periodontal treatment is:

A

Informed refusal

87
Q

The goals of treatment planning are to eliminate and control factors of diease and to prevent recurrence of disease. The dental hygienist can use treatment planning as an opportunity to explain problems to [atients in understandible terms.

a. both true
b. both false
c. first statement true, second statement flase
d. first statement false, second statement true

A

a. both true

88
Q

All of the following factors influence the number and length of visits for dental hygiene care EXCEPT one. Which one is the exception?

a. amount of calculus
b. severity of periodontal pockets
c. height of patient
d. amount of dental caries
e. willingness of patient to cooperate

A

c. height of patient

89
Q

The treatment plan is a guideline for the management of comprehensive periodontal and restorative care. The treatment plan is essential for every periodontal patient.

a. both true
b. both false
c. first statement true, second false
d. first statement false, second true

A

a. both true

90
Q

The components of dental hygiene care are divided into five categories:

A 
Assessment
Diagnosis
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation
91
Q

Severity of periodontal disease is characterized as slight, moderate, or severe because these characterizations are helpful in determining the appropriate treatment time and sequence.

A

Both the statement and reason are correct and related!

92
Q

The dental hygienist is most often responsible for treating the periodontal patient in what phases?

A

Phase 1 & Phase 4

93
Q

The elements of informed consent include all of the following EXCEPT one. Which one is the exception?

a. implied consent
b. risks and benefits
c. prognosis if treatment is performed
d. prognosis if treatment is not performed

A

a. implied consent

Perio (4 decks)

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