Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

LPN To RN > Exam #3 > Flashcards

Exam #3 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
NCLEX-RN® flashcards
1
Q

Systole

A

the phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle CONTRACTS and pumps blood from the chambers into the arteries.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Diastole

A

the phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle RELAXES and allows the chambers to fill with blood.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Cardiac Output

A

the volume of blood pumped by the hear per minute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Preload

A

is the end diastolic volume that stretches the right or left ventricle of the heart to its greatest dimensions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Afterload

A

is the pressure in the wall of the left ventricle during ejection of blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Contractility

A

is the strength of the heart’s contraction during systole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which is the last vital sign to change?

A

Blood Pressure `

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Cardiac Indicators:

A 
poor feeding
tachypnea/tachycardia 
failure to thrive/poor weight gain/activity intolerance 
developmental delays 
\+ prenatal history 
\+ family history for cardiac disease
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cardiac Disorders: Postoperative care

A

Monitor the Respiratory system
Prevent pooling of lung secretions
Post cardiac surgery syndrome
Post perfusion syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Altered hemodynamics: Acyanotic

A

No cyanosis= normal color
Problem pumping blood from the Left ventricle to the body
Increase blood flow problems and obstruction of blood flow from the ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Acyanotic: INCREASED blood flow disorders:

A

Atrial Septal defects
Ventricular Septal defects
Patent Ductus Arteriosis
Atrioventricular canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Acyanotic: OBSTRUCTION of blood flow from ventricle disorders:

A

Coarctation of Aorta
Aortic Stenosis
Pulmonic Stenosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Altered Hemodynamics: Cyanosis

A

Decreased oxygen causing blue or grey discoloration

issues with right ventricle and lungs, decreased O2 in lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cyanotic: DECREASED pulmonary blood flow disorders:

A

Tetralogy of Fallot

tricuspid atresia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cyanotic: MIXED blood flow disorders:

A

Transposition of the Great arteries
Total anomatous pulmonary venous return
Truncus arteriosus
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Congential (in utero) incidence of cardiac disorders:

A

5-8 per 1000 live births

2-3 are symptomatic in the first year of life

17
Q

Most common anomaly is:

A

Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)

18
Q

Children with Chronic Heart Disease often have another recognized anomaly such as:

A

Trisomy 21, 13, 18

13,18 are not compatible with life

19
Q

Congential defects: S/Sx of INCREASED blood flow

A 
Increased fatigue
heart murmur
increased risk for endocarditis 
CHF 
Growth Retardation

Seen in: PDA, ASD, and VSD

20
Q

Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD):

A

is a hole in the wall separating the tright and left ventricles.
In normal development, the wall between the chambers closes before the fetus is born, so that by birth, oxygen-rich blood is kept from mixing with the oxygen-poor blood.

21
Q

Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA):

A

abnormal blood flow occurs between the aorta and the pulmonary artery.
Marked by Right ventricular hypertrophy
Before birth, the aorta and the pulmonary artery—are connected by a blood vessel called the ductus arteriosus. This vessel is an essential part of fetal blood circulation.

22
Q

Congenital defects: OBSTRUCTION of blood flow

A

Pulmonary stenosis
Aortic Stenosis
Coarctation of the aorta

23
Q

Pulmonary Stenosis:

A

obstruction to blood flow from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery. This obstruction is caused by narrowing (stenosis) at one or more points from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery.

24
Q

Aortic Stenosis:

A

occurs when the heart’s aortic valve narrows, preventing the valve from opening fully, obstructing blood flow from your heart into your aorta and to your body.
When the aortic valve is obstructed, your heart needs to work harder to pump blood to your body.

25
Q

Coarctation of the Aorta:

A

the aorta narrows where the ductus arteriosus inserts. Aortic coarctation is considered when a section of the aorta is narrowed by a constricting band

26
Q

S/Sx of Coarctation of the Aorta:

A

Increased BP
HA
Vertigo
EDEMA

27
Q

Congenital Defect: MIXED blood flow

A 
CYANOTIC conditions: 
Transposition of great arteries 
Total anomalous pulmonary venous return 
truncus arteriosus
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
28
Q

Transposition of the Great Vessels:

A

arteries leaving the heart are reversed (transposed), changes the way blood circulates through the body.

Shortage of oxygen in blood flowing from the heart to the rest of the body.

Corrective surgery soon after birth is the usual treatment for transposition

29
Q

Congential defect: DECREASED pulmonary blood flow

Tetralogy of Fallot:

A 
4 defects: 
A large ventricular septal defect (VSD) 
Pulmonary stenosis, 
Right ventricular hypertrophy
Overriding aorta both ventricles

deletion of chromosome 22

30
Q

Congenital Defects: S/Sx of DECREASED blood flow

Tetralogy of Fallot:

A

Cyanotic Squat
Cyanosis
Clubbing
Syncope

TETS spells

31
Q

Therapeutic management for CHF:

A

Rest
Oxygen
Medications

32
Q

Complications of CHF:

A

inability of the heart to pump adequate blood into systemic circulation
Right or Left sided failure
Heart muscle damage
Give Digoxin to help the heart pump

33
Q

Goals for CHF:

A

1 Improve cardiac function

remove accumulated fluids/sodium
decrease cardiac demand
improve tissue oxygenation

34
Q

Kawasaki Disease:

A

inflammation in the lining of the mucus membranes
Unknown cause
75% are in children

35
Q

S/Sx of Kawasaki Syndrome:

A 
Fever > 102.2 for > 5 days 
Strawberry tongue
Red, cracked lips
Enlarged lymph nodes 
Skin peeling, red soles and palms 
Conjunctival redness 
Lethargic and Irritable 
Coronary Artery Aneurysm 
Colicky abdominal pain
Rash on trunk and perineal area
36
Q

Tx for Kawasaki Syndrome:

A

1 baby ASA and Ibuprofen to decrease clotting ability

IV IG - human juice

37
Q

Endocarditis

A

infection of the heart muscle

38
Q

Cardiopulmonary Arrest: Assessment:

A

Airway
Breathing
Circulation

39
Q

Cardiopulmonary Arrest: Secondary measures:

A

gain IV access
administer medications
provide psychological support- keep parents involved

LPN To RN (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions