Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Entomology > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Greek term Oikos-logos

A

Study of the common home

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The term ecology is derived from…

A

The Greek term Oikos-logos

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Why study ecology?

A

Taxonomic diversity, numerical abundance, diversity of life histories, economic importance, evolutionary history

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Members of a single species that live together in a specified geographic area

A

Population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Populations of all species living in a region

A

Community

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Physiology; physical functioning of an individual

A

Organism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Community plus all non-living elements that interact with it (soil, sunlight, chemical nutrients, etc.)

A

Ecosystem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Large ecosystems

A

Biomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The largest scale of life on earth

A

Biosphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The study of changes in population size over time

A

Population dynamics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Population change mathematical growth models

A

Exponential growth model, logistic growth model, life table analyses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Rate of increase keeps accelerating…the larger the population size, the larger the growth; assumes no limiting factors

A

J-shaped (exponential)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Disease, competition, predation, etc.

A

Limiting factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Starts accelerating but eventually slows and stabilizes at K; takes competition into account; environmental resistance

A

S-shaped (logistic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Carrying capacity

A

K

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Starts as accelerating, reaches K and then goes through cycles around K

A

More complex growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Intrinsic rate of increase

A

r (growth rate)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Birth rate - death rate

A

Growth rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

If r = 0

A

Births = deaths

No population growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

If r > 0

A

Births > deaths

Expanding population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Birth rate

A

Natality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Death rate

A

Mortality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The maximum number a given habitat will support for a sustained period

A

Carrying capacity (K)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Density/level around which population fluctuates due to biotic and abiotic factors

A

Mean equilibrium level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Produce few young, but most survive until old age (elephants and humans, honeybees)
Type I

A

Late loss species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Produce moderate number of young which die at a constant rate (imported cabbageworm)
Type II

A

Constant-loss species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Produce many young, but most die young (grasshoppers and flies)
Type III

A

Early loss species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Number of individuals per unit

A

Density

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Spatial arrangement of individuals

A

Dispersion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Types of spatial distribution

A

Random, aggregate, uniform

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Feeds on plants

A

Phytophagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Abnormal growth on a plant, produced by stimulation of an insect or other organism which houses that organism

A

Galls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Simplest halls and involve swellings with no major distortion or discoloration

A

Indeterminate galls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Galls which have a form and color different from the host plant

A

Determinate galls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Taxonomic work on gall wasps provided a methodology for his studies of human sexual behavior

A

Alfred Kinsey

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Feeding stimulants

A

Phagostimulants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

When plants are less damaged from attack because of heritable characteristics

A

Resistance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

When a plant lacks an insect attractant

A

Antixenosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

When plant chemistries injure or destroy attaching insects

A

Anti-biosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Plants that survive despite insect attack

A

Tolerance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

“Arms-race” between plants and insect herbivores has produced many adaptations to resist insect attack

A

Co-evolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Small hairs

A

Trichomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Chemicals which are not directly connected with the normal metabolic processes of the plant and whose role is thought to be defensive

A

Secondary plant compounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Bitter fasting and toxic (nicotine and caffeine)

A

Alkaloids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Bind with proteins, tannins, quinones

A

Phenolics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Variety of actions (cardenolides, pyrethrum)

A

Terpenoids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Phytoecdysone and precocene

A

Hormone analogs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

An inflammation of the skin induced by a plant with the help of sunlight

A

Phytophotodermatitis

49
Q

Phenolic polymers that bind to proteins and interfere with digestion

A

Tannins

50
Q

Plants that eat insects

A

Entomophages

51
Q

Production of a signal by an individual that influences the behavior of another individuals and is adaptive to one or both participants

A

Communication

52
Q

Any characteristic under selection to inform or convey information (behavior, sounds, light, or chemical)

A

Signal

53
Q

Sense light

A

Photoreceptors (eyes)

54
Q

Sense vibration

A

Mechanoreceptors

55
Q

Sense chemicals

A

Chemoreceptors

56
Q

Sense temperature and humidity

A

Theromoreceptors, hygroreceptors

57
Q

Visual pigments in insects

A

Rhodopsins

58
Q

Visual eyes of larvae, may be clustered

A

Stemmata

59
Q

Simple eyes sensitive to the intensity of light (and UV green)…helpful in flight and sensing day length

A

Ocelli

60
Q

Production of light by living organisms

A

Bioluminescence

61
Q

Cuticular stress mechanoreceptor; oval, dome like areas of cuticle that raise or lower as adjacent exoskeleton moves

A

Campanuliform receptor

62
Q

Sensillae (touch) mechanoreceptor; hair-like setae that help detect touch, contact, wind, etc.

A

Contact receptor

63
Q

Vibration and sound (internal receptor) mechanoreceptor

A

Chordotonal receptors

64
Q

Attached to connective tissue and muscles– register tension of soft tissues

A

Stretch receptors

65
Q

Respond to the position of one part of the body relative to another

A

Proprioceptors

66
Q

Sensory organ located in the pedicle of the antennae; sense movements of the flagellum

A

Johnston’s organ (chordotonal organ)

67
Q

Sound reception

A

Tympanum

68
Q

Sensillae that respond to chemicals in air or in liquids

A

Chemoreceptors

69
Q

Detect odors or chemicals in air

A

Olfactory sensilla

70
Q

Contact chemoreceptiok of substances in liquids

A

Taste receptors

71
Q

Attract both sexes to a common place

A

Aggregation

72
Q

Attractants which bring the sexes together

A

Sex pheromones

73
Q

A chemical substance (or blend of substances) secreted by an animal to the outside that affects the behavior or physiology of other animals of the same species

A

Pheromone

74
Q

The ways in which an organism adjusts to and interacts with its environment

A

Behavior

75
Q

Behaviors that consist of more or less predictable responses (or sequences of) to different types of stimuli

A

Inherited or Innate Behavior

76
Q

Behavior that is acquired as the result of experience of each individual

A

Learned behavior

77
Q

Attributing human characteristics to animals

A

Anthropomorphism

78
Q

Carry over of learned information from an immature to the adult stage (most common with feeding behaviors)

A

Pre-imaginal conditioning

79
Q

Neural loop generating a response

A

Reflex arc

80
Q

Processes that an organism uses to organize it’s behavior with respect to spatial features of the environment

A

Orientation behavior

81
Q

Body position, posture control

A

Positional or primary orientation

82
Q

Translatory processes

A

Secondary orientation

83
Q

Random or undirected locomotor reaction in which the speed of movement or the frequency of turning depends on the intensity of stimulation

A

Kinesis

84
Q

Movements directed towards or away from a source of stimulation

A

Taxis

85
Q

A lack of overall movement

A

Akinesis

86
Q

Constant angle to a light source

A

Menotaxis

87
Q

Any enduring or relatively permanent change in behavior as a result of experience or practice

A

Learning

88
Q

Learning to associate certain stimuli with reward or punishment

A

Operant conditioning

89
Q

Association of an uncovered response with a conditioned stimulus

A

Classical conditioning

90
Q

A short, sharp sound which is either a pulse or series of pulses as a discrete sound

A

Chirp

91
Q

Succession or train of pulses (longer)

A

Trill

92
Q

Calling in synchrony

A

Chorusing

93
Q

Stimulate an immediate behavioral response

A

Releasers

94
Q

Act to physiologically alter endocrine or reproductive systems; recipients may acquire new behavior patterns

A

Primers

95
Q

Area or space where the concentration of a pheromone is above the threshold for response

A

Active space

96
Q

Grouping of segments into body regions

A

Tagmosis

97
Q

Specialized for visceral functions (food digestion and storage, circulation, reproduction)

A

Abdomen

98
Q

Body cavity

A

Hemocoel

99
Q

Food procurement and processing

A

Digestive process

100
Q

Alimentary canal

A

Digestive system

101
Q

Long tube like structure that runs from the mouth to the anus and is centrally located within the body cavity

A

Digestive system

102
Q

Anterior most region; primary function is to begin breakdown of food or ticked and transport to next region

A

Foregut (stomodeum)

103
Q

Mark end of foregut and beginning of midgut; increase surface area for more nutrient absorption

A

Gastric caecae

104
Q

Cardiac valve

A

Sphincter

105
Q

Major area of digestion and absorption; undigested particles then pass on to next region

A

Midgut

106
Q

Thin, long structures near junction of midgut and hindgut

A

Malpighian tubules

107
Q

Undigested food particles pass into this region which consists of the ileum, colon, rectum, and rectal pads (often); functions in water and solute reabsorption and waste excretion

A

Hindgut (proctodeum)

108
Q

Openings of exoskeleton that allow for gas exchange

A

Spiracles

109
Q

Deliver oxygen to internal organs and tissues

A

Trachea

110
Q

Functions in transport

A

Circulatory system

111
Q

Insects have a ____ blood vessel and a ______ circ. system

A

Dorsal, open

112
Q

Insect blood

A

Hemolymph

113
Q

Small slits in the heart region of dorsal vessel designed for Hemolymph uptake

A

Ostia

114
Q

Nerve impulse transmission

A

Nervous system

115
Q

Insects have a _____ nerve cord

A

Ventral

116
Q

Reception of information

A

Dendrite

117
Q

Conveyor of information

A

Axon

118
Q

Junction between neurons and other cells

A

Synapse

119
Q

Ecology

A

The study of the interactions living things have with each other and with the environment around them

Entomology (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions