Exam 3

Question 1

Vitamin B1 (Thiamin)

Answer 1

Metabolism of amino acids in muscle makes glucose
Metabolism of glucose makes energy
Produces DNA and RNA, and some neurotransmitters
Found in total cereal lmao and pork
Deficiency results in beriberi (paralysis)

Question 2

Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)

Answer 2

Part of antioxidants enzymes
Metabolism of carbs and fat
Milk is a good source, but riboflavin is destroyed by light (opaque containers)
Deficiency has too many general symptoms

Question 3

Vitamin B3 (Niacin)

Answer 3

Metabolism of carbs and fat
Cell differentiation
Can be made from tryptophan (amino acid), so protein suffices
Toxicity is only from supplements
Found in meat, fish, poultry, total cereal
Deficiency is Pellagra

Question 4

Pellagra

Answer 4

Severe niacin defficiency
4 D’s: Dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, death
Begins with sores in the mouth, red raw skin (dermatitis)
Then digestive (diarrhea, vomiting) and nervous systems (dementia)
Seen in populations with corn-based diets

Question 5

Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)

Answer 5

Functions as a coenzyme
Metabolism of carbs and amino acids
Makes neurotransmitters
Helps with preventing CVD
Found in meat, fish, poultry, total cereal

Question 6

Folate

Answer 6

Metabolism of amino acids
Makes DNA (critical to cell division of early embryos) and RBCs
Sensitive to heat and water
Folate + B12 + B6 convert homocysteine, helping prevent CVD
Found only in animal-based or fortified foods

Question 7

Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)

Answer 7

Contains cobalt
Stomach acid separates B12 from proteins for absorption
No known toxicity
Deficiency leads to psychological and neurological problems