Exam 3

Question 1

Laugier, Essai sur l’Architecture/Essays on Architecture

Answer 1

written in 1753 talks about the Primitive hut

Question 2

Answer 2

Massachusetts State House, Boston, MA, 1787

Architect: Charles Bulfinch

Question 3

Answer 3

Circus, Bath, England (1754-74, John Wood the Elder)

Question 4

l’architecture parlent

Answer 4

“speaking architecture”

Question 5

Answer 5

Isaac Newton’s Cenotaph, Unbuilt, 1784

Architect: Boullée

Question 6

Answer 6

Royal Salt Works, Arc-et-Senans (1775-79, Ledoux)

Question 7

Thomas Jefferson’s thoughts on Palladio

Answer 7

“Palladio was the Bible”

Question 8

Serpentine walls

Answer 8

Snake like walls, curving, self supporting

eg. University of Virginia

Question 9

Answer 9

Monticello II, Charlottesville, VA ,1796-1809

Architect Thomas Jefferson

Question 10

Answer 10

University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA (b. 1817, Jefferson)

Question 11

Answer 11

Rotunda, University of Virgina, Thomas Jefferson

Question 12

Answer 12

U. S. Capitol, Washington, D.C. (1793-1830,

Architects:Thorton, Latrobe, Bulfinch

dome: 1855-65, Walter

Question 13

Answer 13

John Soane House/13 Lincoln’s Inn Fields, London (1812-37, Soane)

Question 14

Answer 14

Altes Museum, Berlin (1824-28, Schinkel)

Question 15

Gottfried Semper

Answer 15

mid 19thC

Four basic elements in architecture:

platform, hearth, roof, and enclosure

Question 16

Answer 16

Second Bank of the U.S., Philadelphia, PA (1818, William Strickland)

Question 17

Sublime

Answer 17

of such excellence, grandeur, or beauty as to inspire great admiration or awe

Question 18

Answer 18

Royal Pavilion, Brighton (1815-23, John Nash)

Question 19

Answer 19

Houses of Parliament, London (1840-65, Sir Charles Barry, A. W. N. Pugin)

Question 20

Contrasts (1836)

Answer 20

written by Pugin describing the contrast between the idealized city (gothic churches etc) and the industrilized city (pagen churches, church steeples replaced by smoke stacks)

Question 21

Answer 21

Baltimore Cathedral/Basilica of the Assumption, Baltimore (1806, Latrobe)

Question 22

Answer 22

Morse-Libby House, Portland, ME (1859, Henry Austin)

Question 23

Answer 23

Trinity Church, New York, NY (1839-46, Richard Upjohn)

Question 24

Industrial Revolution

Answer 24

The rapid development of industry that occurred in Britain in the late 18th and 19th centuries, brought about by the introduction of machinery. It was characterized by the use of steam power, the growth of factories, and the mass production of manufactured goods.

Question 25

Answer 25

Crystal Palace, London (1851, Joseph Paxton)

Question 26

Viollet-le-Duc (1814-1879)

Answer 26

architectural critic and father of historic preservation Discourses on Architecture (1863-72)

Question 27

École des Beaux-Arts

Answer 27

Famous art school in Paris. Any well known architect during this time would of learnt here

Question 28

Georges Eugene Baron Haussmann (1809-1891)

Answer 28

designed massive program of new boulevards, parks and public works in Paris

Question 29

Mansard Roof

Answer 29

roof that has four sloping sides, each of which becomes steeper halfway down

Question 30

Answer 30

Paris Opera (Charles Garnier, 1861-74)

Question 31

Answer 31

Eiffel Tower, Eiffel, Paris 1889

Question 32

Answer 32

Metro stations (Guimard, 1900)

Question 33

Answer 33

Bibliotheque Nationale (Labrouste, 1860s)

Question 34

John Ruskin, Seven Lamps of Architecture (1849)

Answer 34

Ruskin’s principles of architecture

Question 35

Lamp of Truth

Answer 35

Arch should not:

• Suggest a structure other than one used
• Included painted surfaces to represent something else
• Use cast-iron or machine made ornament of any kind

Question 36

Lamp of Life

Answer 36

Bad workmanship is better than good work from a machine

Question 37

Answer 37

All Saints on Margaret Street, London (William Butterfield, 1849-59)

Question 38

Answer 38

S. Pancras Station, London: Midland Hotel (G. G. Scott, 1868-74)

Question 39

Answer 39

Victoria Terminus/Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus, Mumbai (1878-1887, Frederick Wm Stevens)

Question 40

Answer 40

The Breakers, Newport, RI (Hunt, 1892) for Cornelius Vanderbilt II

Question 41

Answer 41

Academy of Fine Arts, Philadelphia, PA (Furness, 1871-76)

Question 42

Richardson Romanesque (5)

Answer 42

1. picturesque
2. round “Romanesque” arches supported by short squat columns
3. recessed entrances
4. rustication
5. cylindrical towers with pointed tops caps

Question 43

Answer 43

Trinity Church, Boston, MA (1872-77)