Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Geology Lab > exam 3 > Flashcards

exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

contour map

A

a common and effective way to show how a measurement varies across an area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

contour lines

A

drawn to connect known or interpreted points of equal value. connect points of equal elevation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

contour interval

A

the difference in elevation represented by two successive contour lines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

rules for contouringing

A
  1. contour lines never cross each other
  2. contour lines never split or merge
  3. honor all points in the construction of the map
  4. a contour line passes directly through a point only if its value is exactly that of the contour line
  5. observe the contour interval when deciding which contour lines to draw.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

mineable acreage

A

limits will reduce the amount of mineable acreage. the total area you are able to mine on

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

mining ratio

A

the higher the ratio, the more costly the mining will be

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

depth limit

A

the cost of removing overburden rocks can become too expensive (thickness of rocks above coal seam) (250 ft)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

minimum thickness limit

A

(20 ft) not enough coal = no profit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

maximum sulfur limit

A

(2% sulfur) air pollution standards

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

stream encroachment limit

A

(4000 ft buffer zone) keeps streams from getting polluted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

intensity

A

the amount of shaking and destruction of buildings or structures based on what humans feel or observe (modified mercalli scale)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

modified mercalli scale (numbers)

A

higher numbers indicate that more shaking was felt by people in the area and more more damage to buildings or structures was observed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Mercalli scale

A

measures intensity on a scale from I to XII (1 - 12) based on the impact to humans and damages to buildings. does not need any equiptment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

richter scale

A

measures magnitude on a logarithmic scale from 1 - 10. uses seismographs to measure the EQ’s. a measure of the energy released. (also known as local magnitude)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

epicenter

A

the point on earths surface directly above the rupture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

focus

A

point of rupture inside the earth directly below the epicenter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

fault

A

a pre-existing fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

seismic shock waves

A

sent by the rupture from the focus in all directions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

seismograph

A

the principal tool used to investigate earthquakes

20
Q

seismogram

A

an output where the wiggles produced by the seismic waves is recorded (the larger the earthquake the larger the wiggle)

21
Q

P-waves

A

faster and occur first

22
Q

S-waves

A

slower and occur second

23
Q

lag time

A

the difference between the s-wave and the p-wave. relates to the distance from the epicenter. the longer the lag time the further the seismic station is from the epicenter

24
Q

earth covered with water

A

3/4

25
Q

% of fresh water

A

0.8%

26
Q

water used brushing teeth

A

5 gallons

27
Q

water a family uses each day

A

400 gallons

28
Q

acids

A

pH less than 7

29
Q

bases

A

pH greater than 7

30
Q

neutral

A

pH equal to 7

31
Q

pH

A

a measure of how acidic or basic liquids are

32
Q

Basic (6) examples

A 
household lye
bleach
ammonia
baking soda
sea water
swimming pool water
33
Q

neutral example

A

distilled water

34
Q

Acidic (6) examples

A 
rain water
orange juice
vinegar
coca-cola
lemon juice
battery acid
35
Q

soap consumption

A

the soap is reacting with the calcium and magnesium, effectively removing them as discrete minerals from the water. the water then tests soft

36
Q

can cause pH to drop

A

rainwater

37
Q

Iron

A

forms from dissolution of pyrite

mainly abundant in acid mine drainage

38
Q

chlorine

A

not naturally occurring. usually added to tap water to kill bacteria

39
Q

copper

A

related to blue-green staining on faucets

bitter tasting water

40
Q

hard water

A

means containing calcium or magnesium.
wells/aquifers within limestone or dolomite.
related to scale build up in pipes
the harder the water the more soap is required.

41
Q

durability (most to least) 3

A

granite
marble
sandstone

42
Q

limestone environment

A

warm shallow sea

43
Q

sandstone environment

A

beach, desert, or river channels

44
Q

materials that react with acid

A

limestone or marble

45
Q

properties of slate

A

foliated, small crystals, hard to distinguish texture

46
Q

minerals found in granite

A

orthoclase feldspar, quartz, plagioclase feldspar, mica and amphibole

47
Q

minerals found in gabbro

A

predominantly plagioclase and pyroxene (augite) with lesser olivine.

Geology Lab (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions