Exam 3 Flashcards
Reagan and Bush differed from _________________
in that they chose projects that were very different, took a long time, and they did not have ________________ support
Kennedy
Congressional
In 1984, Reagan committed the US to a ________________.
Permanent space station
Reagan committed the US to the SDI, which stand for, ____________________.
Strategic Defense Initiative
Challenger’s impact was made all the more devastating because there was a ______________
onboard and many schoolchildren were
________________.
teacher Christian McCulloch
Watching
Factors that lead to the crash include
- Outside pressure, government, go fever
- Not enough communication between management and engineers
- Outside of acceptable safety precautions- temperature and the o rings
- No accountability
After Challenger, launch activity was ______________ for 31 months. The US had no _______________ and the commercial satellite contractors turned to ____________________.
Suspended
Launch capability
International partners
DoD wanted move away from the use of _____________ to a mixed fleet of ELV’s for assured access to space.
Shuttle
By providing them range support in the 80s, the DoD agreed subsidize the ______________.
Commercial space launch industry
Vice President _________________ hurt the credibility of Bush Sr.’s space initiatives.
Dan Quail
The space station was first named ______________. It was conceived As a staging ground to send astronauts to the moon to stay, build a lunar base, and build for Mars.
Freedom
Instead of improving SEI, Congress allowed ______________ funds through.
STS/Shuttle
________________, Reagan, and Bush believed in big governmental initiatives
Kennedy
Or
Johnson
The evolution of space tech goes through four phases…
- State purchases the tech
- Develop the tech
- make your own tech
- Share the tech
After the Cold War, NASa administration sold Clinton on the idea that it was better to _________________
Russian scientists in NASA projects rather than allowing them to participate in projects _______________________________.
Include them
That we did not see or like or had no control over.
NASA’s task force first started conceptualizing the _______________________ in 1982 as a stepping stone to the moon and, ultimately, Mars.
Freedom Space Station
The launch market changed after ________________.
The end of the cold war and the USSR
Cheap ____________ and ______________ launchers boosted growth in the satellite market.
Russian and Chinese
_________________ provide multiple satellites sending images from space.
Constellations
In 1984, Congress enacted the _______________________, a key piece of legislation driving the development of the commercial space launch sector.
Commercial Space Launch Act
The ______ was largely in response to Europe’s entry into the commercial launch market/Arianspace.
CSLS
Commercial Space Launch Act
The first post-Soviet NASA program was called ____ which stand for ________________.
SEI
Space Exploration Initiative
SEI was a _____________. It consisted of A return trip to the moon, a human expeditions Mars. It was a ____________ because it ______________________.
Failure
Failure
Too expensive, too ambious, too long of a timeline
While Big Space was encountering funding difficulties, the _________________ was growing.
Communication satellite indusrty
Clinton’s initial idea regarding Station was to ______________.
Get rid of it
_______________’s contribution to Station was in the form of _____________ and ____________, examples of its proficiency in robotics.
Canada’s
Canada arm
Canada arm 2
_________________ was mounted in the cargo bay of shuttle to perform tasks. As a result, Canada considered ___________ as an extension of the shuttle program.
Canada arm
ISS
In 1985, ___________, _____________, and ______________ officially came online with Station, integrating it with some of their own programs.
Japan (JAXA)
Europe (ESA)
Canada
The IGA was signed in ________. NASA and the executing organizations of each country signed _____________________.
1988
Memoranda of Understanding
The ISS was redesigned to include ______________. After 1992, the decision was talents construct in ___ phases to control the budget and lessen the number of crew EVAs.
Russia
2
The second IGA including the new development schedule and Russian elements was signs in ____.
____ countries were Partner States.
1998
15
There are there levels of cooperation agreements. List them.
IGA (international)
Memoranda of Understanding
Implementing Agreement
The _________ is an international treaty.
IGA
Partner States extend ______________into outer space aboard their pressurized modules. partner States apply their own laws regarding ___________________________________________.
Legal jurisdiction
Criminal matters, liability, intellectual property
Landsat is a ___________ system. Its first asset was launched in ______; its last in _____. Effort to privatize it ________. It AIDS in __________________________________________.
Remote sensing 1972 2013 Failed Verification, mapping, search and rescue, wild fires, weather, urban planning, agriculture, climate change, human rights.
One of, if not the biggest, changes in the 1990s regarding space applications was the understanding that ________________________.
Space infrastructure was making life making life better here on Earth.
The Land Remote Sensing Act of 1992 balances _____________ and _______________ interests with the ability to build __________. it restricted resolution to ___ meter.
National security
Private
Markets
1
_____________ roots are found in the 1950s orbiting television cameras gathering weather information.
LANDSAT
_________________ roots are found in the 1950s orbiting television cameras gathering information
LANDSAT
_______ was a big year for commercial space. First the Ankara X prize was won by _______________________. Their technology is now used by _____________. Bush Jr. Signed the ______________________________, which would allow customers/spaceflight participants/passengers to fly and offered an alternative to licensing in the form of the experiment permit.
2004
Mojave Aerospace Ventures
Virgin Galactic
Commercial Space Law Act Amendments of 2004
The primary safety concern of both CSLA and the CSLAA is for the ___________. FAA AST would only regulate the crew and passenger safety after a __________________or a serious accident resulting in __________________.
General public
Specified time period 8 years
injury, close call, and death
______________ spurs continuous Lunar exploration with 40 M in prizes.
Lunar X prise
European satellite manufacturers have benefited from marketing ___________ satellite technologies.
ITAR FREE
The failure of the Chinese Long March 3B rocket carrying the Intelsat Satellite with secret materials aboard was a factor in the strict imposition of _____
regulation of space technology. These regulations are a form of _____________.
ITAR
export control
The US prohibits _________ or __________ of any satellites with US technology to china or other countries deemed as hostile.
Exports
Retransfering
If a registrant is unsure about the classification of their product, they may request a ______________.
Determination
____________________ includes moving some technologies from the USML to the CCL.
ITAR Reform
The european draft code was the first a response to the problem of _________________.
Space debris
The European Code of Conduct, (now the international code of conduct) includes polices and procedures to __________ or any form of _________________ with other State’s rights to the peaceful exploration and use of outer space. As contemplated, it ______________ be legally binding.
Minimize accidents
Interference
Will not be
The principles implicated include:
Freedom of Access
preserve the space environment
Preserve the space injects
Self defense, due regard
Obama presented his space policy in…
2010
Examples of collaborative applications
ISS
TREATIES
There have been ___ Unispace to date. These are ____________ coordinated by ___________, which stands for _______________.
3
Conferences
Un oosa
Office of outer space affairs
Unispace 1
Providing assistance to developing nations
Promoting practical applications of space technology
The next unispaces expanded this by….
Including them
Do it in a way to address problems
Organize
The term sustainability in space activities referent what?
Rules of the road-congested
Legacy
Generational effect
Pace ourselves
TCMB stand for what?
Transparent and confidence building measures
Purpose of the international code of conduct
Enhance the safety, security, and the sustainable of outer space activities
