Exam 3

Question 0

Crowds

Answer 0

Loosely organized groups who share interests and activities.

Question 1

Cliques

Answer 1

Small groups of friends who share intimate knowledge and confidences .

Question 2

Controversial Status Youth

Answer 2

Aggressive kids who are either highly liked or intensely disliked by their peers and who are the ones most likely to become engaged in antisocial behavior.

Question 3

Gang

Answer 3

Group of youths who collectively engage in delinquent behaviors.

Question 4

Interstitial Area

Answer 4

An area of the city that forms when there is a crack in social fabric and in which deviant groups, cliques and gangs form.

Question 5

Klikas

Answer 5

Subgroups of same-aged youths in Latino gangs that remain together and have separate names and a unique identity in the gang.

Question 6

Graffiti

Answer 6

Inscriptions or drawings made on a wall or structure and used by delinquents for gang messages and turf definition.

Question 7

Representing

Answer 7

Tossing or flashing gang signs in the presence of rivals, often escalating into verbal or physical confrontation.

Question 8

Near-groups

Answer 8

clusters of youth who outwardly seem unified, but actually have limited cohesion, impermanance, minimal consensus of norms, shifting membership, disturbed leadership, and limited definitions of membership expectations.

Question 9

Barrio

Answer 9

A spanish word meaning “district”

Question 10

Mara Salvatrucha (MS-13)

Answer 10

A violent, international gang begun in southern Cali by immigrants from El Salvador. Engages in such crimes as burglaries, narcotic sales, weapon smuggling, murder, rape, and witness intimidation.

Question 11

Skinhead

Answer 11

Member of a European American supremacist gang, identified by a shaved skull and Nazi or KKK markings.

Question 12

Prestige Crimes

Answer 12

Stealing or assaulting someone to gain prestige in the neighborhood; often part of gang initiation rites.

Question 13

Detached Street Workers

Answer 13

Social workers who went out into the community and established close relationships with juvenile gangs with the goal of modifying gang behavior to conform conventional behaviors and helping gang members get jobs and educational opportunities.

Question 14

Academic Achievement

Answer 14

Being successful in a school environment

Question 15

Drop Out

Answer 15

To leave school before completing the required program of education.

Question 16

Dropout Factories

Answer 16

Schools in which the graduation rate is 40% or less.

Question 17

Underachievers

Answer 17

Those who fail to meet expected levels of school achievement

Question 18

Tracking

Answer 18

Dividing students into groups according to their ability and achievement levels.

Question 19

Bullying

Answer 19

Repeated, negative acts committed by one or more children against another, which may be physical or verbal.

Question 20

Gender Policing

Answer 20

Pressure to conform to gender expectations

Question 21

Zero Tolerance Policy

Answer 21

Mandating specific consequences or punishments for delinquent behavior and not allowing anyone to avoid these consequences.

Question 22

Passive Speech

Answer 22

A form of expression protected by the 1st Amendment, but not associated with actually speaking words; examples include wearing symbols or protest messages on buttons or signs.

Question 23

Active Speech

Answer 23

Expressing opinions by speaking or writing; freedom of speech is protected by the 1st Amendment.

Question 24

Substance Abuse

Answer 24

Using drugs or alcohol in such a way as to cause physical harm to oneself.

Question 25

Marijuana

Answer 25

The dried leaves of cannabis plant

Question 26

Hashish

Answer 26

A concentrated form of cannabis made from unadulterated resin from the female cannabis plant.

Question 27

Cocaine

Answer 27

A powerful natural stimulant derived from the coca plant.

Question 28

Crack

Answer 28

A highly addictive form of cocaine containing remnants of hydrochloride and sodium bicarbonate; it makes a crackling sound when smoked.

Question 29

Heroin

Answer 29

A narcotic made from opium and then cut with sugar or some other neutral substance until it is only 1 to 4% pure.

Question 30

Addict

Answer 30

A person with overpowering physical or psychological need to continue taking a particular substance or drug.

Question 31

Alcohol

Answer 31

Fermented or distilled liquids containing ethanol, an intoxicating substance.

Question 32

Anesthetic Drugs

Answer 32

Nervous system depressants.

Question 33

Inhalants

Answer 33

Volatile liquids that give off a vapor, which is inhaled, producing short-term excitement and euphoria followed by a period of disoreintation.

Question 34

Sedatives

Answer 34

Drugs of the barbiturate family that depress the central nervous system into sleeplike condition.

Question 35

Tranquilizers

Answer 35

Drugs that reduce anxiety and promote relaxation.

Question 36

Hallucinogens

Answer 36

Natural or synthetic substances that produce vivid distortions of the senses without greatly disturbing consciousness.

Question 37

Stimulants

Answer 37

Synthetic substances that produce an intense physical reaction by stimulating the central nervous system.

Question 38

Anabolic Steroids

Answer 38

Drugs used by athletes and bodybuilders to gain muscle bulk and strength.

Question 39

Designer Drugs

Answer 39

Lab-made drugs designed to avoid existing drug laws.

Question 40

Addiction Prone Personality

Answer 40

The view that the cause of substance abuse can be traced to a personality that has a compulsion for mood-altering drugs.

Question 41

Multisystemic Therapy

Answer 41

Addresses a variety of family, peer, and psychological problems by focusing on problem-solving and communication skills training.

Question 42

Harm Reduction

Answer 42

Efforts to minimize the harmful effects caused by drug use.

Question 43

Legalization of Drugs

Answer 43

Decriminalizing drug use to reduce the association between drug use and crime.