exam 3 Flashcards
The ability of an antibiotic to target pathogens without major effects on human cells is termed:
a. selective toxicity
b. selective synthesis
c. bacteriostatic action
d. opportunistic action
SELECTIVE TOXICITY
The ability of an organism to become unresponsive over time to an anti-infective is termed:
a. superinfection
b. sensitivity
c. mutation
d. acquired resistance
ACQUIRED RESISTANCE
Which location is the most difficult to reach with antibiotic therapy?
a. gastrointestinal system
b. integumentary system
c. central nervous system
d. lungs
central nervous system
A client has been on an antibiotic for two weeks for treatment of an ulcer caused by Helicobacter pylori. The client asks the nurse if the antibiotic could be causing diarrhea. What is the nurse’s most accurate response?
a. the infection has become severe
b. this might be secondary infection due to the antibiotic therapy
c. the infection has a restricted group of microorganisms
d. the organisms that caused the infection have developed immunity to the dryg
This might be a secondary infection due to the antibiotic therapy
An advantage of using a broad-specturm antibiotic is that?
a. it is effective against a large number of organisms
b. it is effective against a small number of organisms
c. it has a high potency
d. it produces a large number of side effects
it is effective against a large number of organisms
Which instruction should take priority in client teaching for nay antibiotic therapy?
a. the full course of prescribed drug therapy must be completed
b. maintain adequate food intake
c. maintain an adequate fluid intake
d. report symptoms of secondary infection, such as vaginal yeast infection
The full course of prescribed therapy must be completed
The nurse is administering the first dose of ampicillin intramuscularly to a client with a severe infection. In addition to the six rights of administration, an important priority nursing action is to:
a. monitor bowel sounds
b. teach the client about the side effects of the drug
c. encourage the client about the side effects of the drug
d. monitor the client closely for hypersensitivity with the first dose.
Monitor the client closely for hypersensitivity with the fist dose
The mother of a 4 year old calls the nurse to report her child has been having diarrhea since he began taking an antibiotic 48 hours ago. The mother asks if she should give her child an O-T-C medication for the diarrhea. What is the nurse best response?
a. wait one more day and see if the diarrhea clears
b. yes give something otc, but only one dose
c. yes, give something OTC according to dosage directions on the label
d. do not treat the diarrhea and bring the child to the office
yes, give the OTC according to the dosage directions on the label
A 16 year old client has been prescribed metronidazole for treatment of a sexually transmitted infection. this client has been seen in the clinic 4 times in the last 6 months for the same condition. the client just wants the nurse to give her the medication so that she can go home. What would be considered the priority nursing diagnosis for this client?
a. noncompliance related to therapeutic regimen
b. diarrhea related to effects of drug therapy
c. risk for infection
d. knowledge deficit related to disease process, transmission, and drug therapy
knowledge deficit related to disease process, transmission, and drug therapy
Bacterial enzymes participate in the construction of the bacterial cell wall. penicillin targets these enzymes and interfere with:
a. bacterial DNA
b. the addition of cross-links to the cell wall
c. protein synthesis
d. the channels in the cells internal structure
the addition of cross-links to the cell wall
Class of antibiotics that exert their antibacterial effect by interfering with the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall include:
a. cephalosporins
b. aminoglycosides
c. sulfonamides
d. erythromycins
cephalosporins
Penicillin’s antibacterial activity is based on its:
a. beta-lactam ring, which terminated construction of the cell wall
b. alteration of bacterial DNA in the cell wall
c. interference with cellular cytoplasm
d. interruption of bacterial protein synthesis
beta-lactam ring, which terminated construction of the cell wall
Augmentin is a combination drug containing the antibiotic amoxicilin and elavulanate which is a(n):
a. secondary antibiotic
b. beta-lactamase inhibitor to prevent the excretion of penicillin
c. anti-inflammatory to prevent allergic response
d. antiviral to prevent superinfection
beta-lactamase inhibitor to prevent the excretion of penicillin
Which generation of cephalosporin would be selected to treat complicated meningitis?
a. second
b. third
c. fourth
d. first
fourth
The nurse caring for a client with an allegory to cephalosporins would be cautious in implementing an order for an anti-infective agent from which class?
a. aminoglycosides
b. fluroquinolones
c. sulfonamides
d. penicillins
penicillins
Which client should be monitored closely for adverse effects directly related to receiving penicillin G?
a. a client who has osteromyelitis and will need IV medication for several months
b. client who has a myocardial infarction 2 days ago and now has a fever of 102
c. client who is postop from corneal transplant
d. a client who has diabetes and is on dialysis
a client who has diabetes and is on dialysis
antibacterial protein synthesis inhibitors act by?
a. disrupting the growth of the polypeptide chain
b. inhibiting synthesis of enzymes
c. promoting lysis of the cell wall
d. disrupting cell wall synthesis
inhibiting synthesis of enzymes
A client being discharged with a prescription for penicillin and probenecid asks the nurse what the probenecid is for. the nurse explains that probenecid:
a. prevents diarrhea often associated with penicillin
b. will prevent an allergic response
c. is a secondary antibiotic
d. will allow the penicillin to stay in the body longer
will allow the penicillin to stay in the body longer
Bacterial protein synthesis inhibitors have selective toxicity because:
a. susceptible strains of bacteria are affected
b. biochemical processes are the same
c. human ribosomes are larger and denser than bacterial ribosomes
d. antibacterial activity is broad-specturm
human ribosomes are larger and denser than bacterial ribosomes
The nurse is managing care for a patient prescribed tetracycline who is reporting frequent episodes of diarrhea. the nurse plans to monitor this client for:
a. Pseudomenbranous colitis
b. paralytic ileus
c. intestinal obstruction
d. impaired biliary function
Pseudomenbranous colitis