Exam 3

Question 1

Deposition

Answer 1

Gas&raquo_space; Solid

Question 2

Sublimation

Answer 2

Solid&raquo_space; Gas

Question 3

Condensation

Answer 3

Gas&raquo_space; Liquid

Question 4

Vaporization

Answer 4

Liquid&raquo_space; Gas

Question 5

Freezing

Answer 5

Liquid&raquo_space; Solid

Question 6

Melting

Answer 6

Solid&raquo_space; Liquid

Question 7

Water exception

Answer 7

Less dense solid than liquid

Question 8

Ion Dipole

Answer 8

Ion + Polar Molecule

Question 9

Dipole-dipole

Answer 9

Polar + Polar molecule

Question 10

Hydrogen Bonds

Answer 10

Dipole-dipole with H and:

• N
• O
• F

Question 11

Dispersion forces

Answer 11

Weak IMFs

Question 12

NON POLAR ELEMENT TRENDS

Answer 12

Bigger atoms&raquo_space; bigger forces&raquo_space; higher boiling point

Question 13

IMF forces stronger in ____

Answer 13

long (chain) molecules than ball-like structures (tangles)

Question 14

“Viscous”

Answer 14

Resistance to flow

Question 15

Less IMFs, ____ vapor pressure

Answer 15

high (evaporates quicker)

Question 16

Boiling Point

Answer 16

temperature at which vapor pressure equals atmospheric pressure

Question 17

Normal boiling point

Answer 17

vapor pressure at 1 atm

Question 18

Must boil pasta for ____ time at high altitudes

Answer 18

longer

Question 19

Network covalent structure

Answer 19

Crystal structures (Tetrahedral lattice)

Question 20

Ionic structure

Answer 20

Salts (cubic lattices)

Question 21

Molecular structure

Answer 21

Hexagonal lattices made of full molecules (i.e. water&raquo_space; Ice)

Question 22

Metallic structure

Answer 22

No lattice, big clump

Question 23

Alloys:

Answer 23

“Non-stoichiometric solid solutions”

Question 24

Substitutional compound

Answer 24

Solute metal substitutes positions of host metal

Question 25

Interstitial compound

Answer 25

Solute metal occupies interstitial sites in host lattice

Question 26

1 cal =

Answer 26

4.184 J

Question 27

Path function

Answer 27

dependent on path of system between start and finish

Question 28

Specific heat capacity

Answer 28

heat required to raise temp of one gram of substance by one degree C

Question 29

1st Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 29

The energy of the universe is constant

Question 30

2nd Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 30

The entropy of the uuniverse is increasing

Question 31

3rd Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 31

The entropy of a crystalline substance approaches zero as the absolute temperature approaches zero

Question 32

H,S: neg, pos

Answer 32

neg G: always spontaneous

Question 33

H,S: pos, neg

Answer 33

pos G: never spontaneous

Question 34

H,s: neg, neg

Answer 34

G depends: spontaneous at low temps

Question 35

H,S: pos, pos

Answer 35

G depends: spontaneous at high temps

Question 36

Integrated Rate Law: first order case

Answer 36

ln [At]/[Ao] = -kt

Question 37

Integrated Rate Law: second order case

Answer 37

1/At - 1/Ao = kt

Question 38

First order case graph

Answer 38

ln(conc)/time >>> negative straight line

Question 39

Second order case graph

Answer 39

1/conc vs time >>> positive straight line

Question 40

First order half life

Answer 40

t1/2 = ln2/k

Question 41

Second order half life

Answer 41

t1/2 = 1/k[Ao]

Question 42

Collision theory equation

Answer 42

ln(k1/k2) = (Ea/R)(1/T2 - 1/T1)