Exam 3 Flashcards
What does Drive Reduction Theory propose?
Physiological needs create an internal drive to restore homeostasis
Example: Hunger leads to eating to restore energy levels.
Who developed Drive Reduction Theory and when?
Clark Hull in the 1940s
This theory laid the groundwork for understanding motivation in terms of biological drives.
What does Arousal Theory suggest?
Individuals are motivated to achieve an optimal level of arousal
Too little arousal can lead to boredom, while too much can cause anxiety.
What are the five tiers in Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs?
- Physiological needs
- Safety needs
- Belonging
- Esteem
- Self-actualization
Basic needs must be met before pursuing higher-level needs.
What role do hormones play in hunger regulation?
Hormones regulate hunger and satiety, with ghrelin increasing hunger and leptin promoting fullness
Low glucose levels trigger hunger, while high levels signal fullness.
What is the relationship between social connection and health?
The need for belonging is fundamental; social isolation can lead to distress and negative health outcomes
Research shows that ostracism can lead to loneliness and depression.
What does the Cannon-Bard Theory propose about emotions?
Emotions and physiological responses occur simultaneously
This challenges earlier theories suggesting a sequential process.
What is the Misattribution of Arousal?
The phenomenon where individuals misinterpret the source of their physiological arousal
Demonstrated in the suspension bridge study where fear was misattributed to attraction.
What are the categories of stressors?
- Catastrophes
- Life changes
- Daily hassles
Each impacts mental and physical health differently.
What are the three stages of the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)?
- Alarm
- Resistance
- Exhaustion
Illustrates how prolonged stress can lead to health issues.
What is Psychoneuroimmunology?
The study of the interplay between psychological processes and the immune system
Shows how stress can weaken immune responses.
How can personality traits influence stress levels?
Personality traits like pessimism and Type A behavior can affect stress and coping mechanisms
Type A individuals often experience higher stress due to competitiveness and urgency.
Fill in the blank: The _______ hormone increases before meals.
ghrelin
Fill in the blank: The General Adaptation Syndrome describes the body’s response to _______.
stress
True or False: Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs suggests that higher-level needs can be pursued before basic physiological needs are met.
False
