Exam 3

Question 1

Common causes of Dysphagia

Answer 1

Mechanical obstruction,
Neuromuscular dysfunction

Question 2

Aschalasia

Answer 2

Neurological dysfunction causing the LES to not open properly, causes dysphagia

Question 3

GERD etiology

Answer 3

fatty foods, spicy foods, citrus,
caffeine,
alcohol,
smoking,
sleep position, obesity, pregnancy, medications

Question 4

GERD clinical manifestations

Answer 4

Heartburn
Regurgitation
Chest pain
Pulmonary symptoms
Dysphagia

Question 5

Barrett esophagus

Answer 5

Complication of GERD. Development of abnormal metaplastic tissue (premalignant).

Question 6

Sliding hernia

Answer 6

Type I hiatal hernia. small part of stomach pushes above diaphragm temporarily

Question 7

Paraesophageal hernia

Answer 7

Type II hiatal hernia. Part of diaphragm pushes above diaphragm and stays there. More serious than type I

Question 8

Chronic Gastritis Etiology

Answer 8

Autoimmune (attack of parietal cells),
H. Pylori infections

Question 9

Acute gastroenteritis Etiology

Answer 9

Viral infections,
Bacterial infections (food poisoning),
parasitic infections

Question 10

Sudden pain relief from appendicitis may indicate:

Answer 10

Rupture or peritonitis

Question 11

Usual location of diverticulosis

Answer 11

Descending colon

Question 12

Common causes of Diverticulosis

Answer 12

Low fiber, chronic constipation,
(May be congenital)