Exam 3 Flashcards
Combination
Two or more elements or compounds bond to form one product.
A+B—> AB
Decombustion
A reactant splits into two or more simpler products.
AB—->A+B
Single Replacement
a reacting element switches places with an element in the other reacting compound.
A+BC—>AC+B
Double Replacement
The positive ions in the reacting compounds switch places.
AB+CD—>AD+CB
Combustion
A carbon-containing compound, usually a fuel, burns in oxygen gas to produce the gases carbon dioxide water and energy in the form of heat or a flame.
CO_2+H_2O+energy
Oxidation-Reduction
Electrons are transferred from one substance to another. If one substance loses electrons, another substance must gain electrons. Oxidation is defined as the loss of electrons; reduction is the gain of electrons.
What will they want on the chart when labeling exothermic and endothermic?
Energy of reactants and products
Transition State
Aetivation Energy
Heat of Reaction (change in E between reactants and products)
Label the X and Y axis
Pressure
Pressure (P)
Force exerted on boundaries of the container
atm, torr, mmHg, Pa, psi
Volume
Volume (V)
L, mL, cm3
Temperature
Temperature (T)
Can be in F, C, or K
For gas, use K!
Amount of Gas (n)
Amount of gas (n)
given as moles or mass
Use moles!
Boyles Law
P_1V_1=P_2V_2
No change in T or n
Charles Law
V_1/T_1=V_2/T_2
No change in P or n
Gay Lussac’s Law
P_1/T_1=P_2/T_2
No change in V or n
Combined Gas Law
P_1V_1/T_1=P_2V_2/T_2
No change in n
Ideal Gas Law
PV=nRT
Solute
Substance that is dissolved
The Kool-Aid powder
Solution
Solution
A homogenous mixture of two or more substances
A delicious glass of Kool-Aid (not a sponsored presentation)
Solvent
The liquid
The water
Saturated Solutions
Saturated Solutions have the maximum amount of dissolved solute for a given volume of solvent
How do you raise solubility
Raise T
Henry’s Law
Higher pressures mean that more gas dissolves in the liquid
Cgas=kgas*Pgas (where k is the percent of the gas of interest)
Water is a
Polar Solvent and it dissolves polar solutes
Dilution Calculations
V_1C_1=V_2C_2
When it says number
you multiply avocados number
When it says molecules
you divide avocados number
