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Chemistry 101 > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

H

A

Hydrogen

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2
Q

He

A

Helium

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3
Q

Li

A

Lithium

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4
Q

Be

A

Beryllium

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5
Q

B

A

Boron

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6
Q

C

A

Carbon

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7
Q

N

A

Nitrogen

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8
Q

O

A

Oxygen

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9
Q

F

A

Fluorine

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10
Q

Ne

A

Neon

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11
Q

Na

A

Sodium

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12
Q

Mg

A

Magnesium

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13
Q

Al

A

Alumium

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14
Q

Si

A

Silicon

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15
Q

P

A

Phosphorus

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16
Q

Cl

A

Chlorine

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17
Q

Ar

A

Argon

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18
Q

K

A

Potassium

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19
Q

Ca

A

Calcium

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20
Q

Sc

A

Scandium

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21
Q

Ti

A

Titanium

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22
Q

V

A

Vanadium

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23
Q

Cr

A

Chromium

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24
Q

Mn

A

Manganese

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25
Q

Fe

A

Iron

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26
Q

Co

A

Colbalt

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27
Q

Ni

A

Nickel

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28
Q

Cu

A

Copper

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29
Q

Zn

A

Zinc

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30
Q

Ga

A

Gallium

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31
Q

Ge

A

Germanium

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32
Q

As

A

Arsenic

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33
Q

Se

A

Selenium

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34
Q

Br

A

Bromine

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35
Q

Kr

A

Krypton

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36
Q

Atomic Size

A

Energy Decreases H-He
Energy Increases H-K

37
Q

Ionization Energy

A

Energy Increase H-He
Energy Decreases H-K

38
Q

Metallic Character

A

Energy Decreases H-He
Energy Increases H-K

39
Q

Non-polar covalent

A

0-0.4

40
Q

Polar covalent from

A

0.5-1.8

41
Q

Ionic bonds

A

1.9 and up.

42
Q

Hydroxide

A

OH¯

43
Q

Ammonium

A

NH₄⁺

44
Q

Nitrate

A

NO_3-

45
Q

Nitrite

A

NO_2-

46
Q

Perchlorate

A

ClO_4–

47
Q

Chlorate

A

ClO_3-

48
Q

Chlorite

A

ClO_2-

49
Q

Hypochlorite

A

ClO^-

49
Q

Carbonate

A

CO_3^2-

50
Q

Hydrogen carbonate (bicarbonate)

A

HCO_3-

51
Q

Cyanide

A

CN^-

52
Q

Sulfate

A

SO_4^2-

53
Q

Acetate

A

C_2H_3O_2^-

54
Q

Hydrogen Sulfate (Bisulfate)

A

HSO_3^-

55
Q

Sulfite

A

SO_3^2-

56
Q

Hydrogen Sulfite (Bisulfite)

A

HSO_3^-

57
Q

Phosphate

A

PO_4^3-

58
Q

Hydrogen Phosphate

A

HPO_4^2-

59
Q

Dihydrogen Phosphate

A

H_2PO_4^-

60
Q

Phosphite

A

PO_3^3-

61
Q

Isotope

A

An atom that differs only in mass number from another atom of the same element. Isotopes have the same atomic number (number of protons), but different numbers of neutrons.

62
Q

Radioisotope

A

A radioactive atom of an element.

63
Q

What protects you from alpha particles

A

A piece of paper, clothing, and our skin are protection against alpha particles

64
Q

How far do beta particles travel

A

They can pass through paper and penetrate as far as 4 to 5 mm into body tissue.

65
Q

How far do gamma rays travel and what protects you from them.

A

Gamma rays travel great distances through the air and pass through many materials, including body tissues. Because gamma rays penetrate so deeply, exposure to gamma rays can be extremely hazardous. Only very dense shielding, such as lead or concrete, will stop them.

66
Q

Why do metals donate electron to form positively charged species?

A

Because metals are very electropositive, and their outer electrons are very loosely bundled on them

67
Q

What is a cation

A

A positively charged ion of a metal

68
Q

What is an anion

A

A negatively charged ion

69
Q

What is the octet rule

A

The tendency of atoms to attain a stable electron configuration and provides a key to our understanding of the ways in which atom bonds and form compounds.

70
Q

Lethal dose (LD50) values are determined by the amount of a substance that:

A

kills at least 50% of the test population exposed to the substance

71
Q

Formed the basis of modern atomic theory stating that all matter consists of atoms

A

Dalton

72
Q

Arranged the elements in a table according to their size and properties

A

Mendeleev

73
Q

Helped determine that the center of an atom has a dense positively charged nucleus

A

Rutherford

74
Q

Determined the charge of an electron

A

Milliken

75
Q

The charges of Cr

A

2+ and 3+

76
Q

The charges of Mn

A

2+ and 3+

77
Q

The charges of Fe

A

2+ and 3+

78
Q

The charges of Co

A

2+ and 3+

79
Q

The charges of Ni

A

2+ and 3+

80
Q

The charges of Cu

A

+ and 2+

81
Q

The charges of Ag

A

+

82
Q

The charges of Au

A

+ and 3+

83
Q

The charges of Zn

A

2+

84
Q

The charges of Cd

A

2+

85
Q

The charges of Hg

A

2+

86
Q

The charges of Sn

A

2+ and 4+

87
Q

The charges of Pb

A

2+ and 4+

88
Q

The charges of Bi

A

3+ and 5+

Chemistry 101 (4 decks)

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