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Pharmacology > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Anti- thyroid agents

A

tiomides
methimazole “zole”
propylthiouracil

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2
Q

Anti-thyroid solutions

A

sodium iodine
potassium iodine

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3
Q

Anti-thyroid side effects

A

drowsiness, N/V, skin rash

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4
Q

Anti-thyroid nursing considerations

A

Do not use in pregnant or nursing women.
Monitor liver, CBC for bone marrow suppression
Monitor for signs of hypothyroidism
Give iodine solution through a straw to decrease staining of teeth.

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5
Q

Another Folic acid (prescription form)

A

leucovorin

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6
Q

Folic acid side effects

A

anorexia, nausea, flatulence, abdominal distention

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7
Q

Folic acid nursing considerations

A

400mcg/0.4mg for all women of child bearing age.
4mg w/ a history or previous NTD
Foods rich in folic acid…pasta, bread, grits, rice, dark leafy greens, citrus fruits, milk, eggs

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8
Q

ADH replacement hormone

A

desmopressin

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9
Q

desmopressin side effects

A

increased sun sensitivity
N/V
abdominal cramps

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10
Q

desmopressin nursing considerations

A

Monitor for S/S of water intoxication and electrolyte imbalance
Monitor patients w/ HTN and vascular disease carefully - causes vasoconstriction
Monitor BP, and Pulse during infusion
Inspect drug for particles and discoloration before infusing

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11
Q

Histamine 2 blocker

A

famotidine

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12
Q

famotidine side effects

A

constipation, diarrhea, headache, and confusion

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13
Q

famotidine nursing considerations

A

QT interval prolongation and torasades de pointes w/ renal dysfunction patients
Assess for blood in stool, may increase BUN and Cr, and liver enzymes

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14
Q

Glucocorticoids

A

dexamethasone
hydrocortisone
methylprednisone
prednisone

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15
Q

Glucocortoids side effects

A

Elevated Blood Glucose

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16
Q

Mineralocortoids

A

hydrocortison
fludrocotisone

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17
Q

Mineralocortoids side effects

A

fluid retention
hypokalemia

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18
Q

corticoids nursing considerations

A

Monitor for infection, BG, occult blood in stool
Use with caution in children due to growth retardation
Monitor for S/S of FVO and electrolyte imbalance, long-term use can increase the demineralization of bone

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19
Q

Prostaglandin inhibitors

A

Ibuprophen, ASA, indomethacin

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19
Q

Prostaglandin side effects

A

headache, dizziness, depression, fatigue, somnolence, syncope, vertigo
CV: edema

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20
Q

Prostaglandin nursing considerations

A

Watch for bleeding and reduced urine output, nephrotoxic
Can cause hearing loss, tinnitus, HTN

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21
Q

PPI

A

pantaprazole

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22
Q

PPI side effects

A

hyperglycemia

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23
Q

PPI nursing considerations

A

Monitor lipid, BG, and hypomagnesium

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24
Q

thyroid agents

A

levothyroxine
liotrix
thyroid desiccated
liothyronine

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25
Q

Thyroid agent side effects

A

insomnia, tremor, headache, fever, fatigue, anxiety, emotional lability, tachycardia, palpitations,ARRHYTHMIAS, angina, pectoris, HTN

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26
Q

Thyroid agents nursing considerations

A

Give drug at same time each day on an empty stomach, 1/2 to 1 hr before breakfast. Patients w/ DM may need increased antidiabetic doses when starting thyroid hormone replacement. longterm therapy causes bone loss in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Consider a basal bone density measurement and monitor patient for osteoporosis.

27
Q

Antibiotic-Antimyobacterials

A

rifampin

28
Q

rifampin side effects

A

GI- N/V, diarrhea, abdominal pain, depression of CNS

29
Q

rifampin nursing considerations

A

Turns urine, sweat, tears orange- do not wear contacts as may discolor.
Monitor renal and liver function.
Use barrier contraception as may interfere with hormonal contraception.

30
Q

Antibiotics- fluroquinolones

A

ciprofloxacin

31
Q

ciprofloxacin side effects

A

N/V, diarrhea

32
Q

ciprofloxacin nursing considerations

A

Potential for tendonitis and tendon rupture.
Monitor CBC - can cause bone marrow depression
Photosensitivity

33
Q

Antibiotic- cephlasporin

A

ceftriaxone

34
Q

ceftriaxone side effects

A

GI- N/V, diarrhea, abdominal pain, paresthesias

35
Q

ceftriaxone nursing considerations

A

Sensitivity to PCN
Monitor renal function
May potentiate effect of anticoagulants

36
Q

Anticoagulants

A

Heparin, LMWH

37
Q

Heparin side effects

A

increased bleeding times

38
Q

Heparin nursing considerations

A

monitor for signs of bleeding, and bleeding times

39
Q

Antiepileptic

A

gapapentin

40
Q

gapapentin side effects

A

fluid retention, insomnia, txn of neuropathic pain

41
Q

gabapentin nursing consideration

A

CNS depression can lead to safety risks.
Monitor liver function.

42
Q

Antifungal

A

Amphotercin B

43
Q

Amphotercin B side effects

A

N/V, flush, fever, chills, hypotension

44
Q

Amphotercin B nursing considerations

A

Monitor renal function, watch for hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia.
Don’t use a saline solution for reconstitution or infusion. Only give drug in D5W, use an infusion pump and, if desired, and in-line filter with mean pore diameter larger than 1 micron. After giving test dose, monitor patients pulse, RR, temp, and BP q30mins for 2-4 hrs.
ALERT: Rapid infusion may cause CV collapse: ensure drug is infused over 2-4 hours.

45
Q

Antifungal

A

flucytosine

46
Q

flucytosine side effects

A

Allergic rxn, chest pain, hearing loss

47
Q

flucytosine nursing considerations

A

monitor renal and hepatic functions, and hearing

48
Q

Beta 1 adronergic

A

Dobutamine

49
Q

Dobutamine side effects

A

Increase contractility of the heart, SV, and CO.
Decreased preload, SVR, and afterload

50
Q

Dobutamine nursing considerations

A

Monitor HR, and BP. Can cause HTN and exacerbate ventricular ectopy.
Monitor IV site for phlebitis
Monitor Na and K levels

51
Q

Immunoglobulin side effects

A

N/V, chills, fever, headache, dizziness, weakness, anaphylaxis

52
Q

Immunoglobulin nursing considerations

A

Dont freeze or shake vials
Inspect for particles and discoloration (liquid should be clear or pale yellow)
Bring to room temp before using
Keep epinephrine on hand d/t potential for anaphylaxis
Monitor renal function.
Ensure hydration before giving

53
Q

Positive Inotropic

A

dopamine
epinephrine
vasopressin
isoproterenol

54
Q

Positive Inotropic side effects

A

HTN, increased HR, angina, PVCs, phlebitis, nonspecific chest pain, ventricular ectopy, dyspnea, N/V, constipation

55
Q

Positive Inotropic nursing considerations

A

Give through a CVAD or large peripheral vein using an infusion pump, watch for extravasation in smaller veins, ensure adequate hydration
Monitor for signs of hypokalemia

56
Q

Alpha and Beta Adrenergic

A

norepinephrine

57
Q

norepinephrine side effects

A

Bradycardia and HTN

58
Q

norepinephrine nursing considerations

A

Use a Central Venous catheter or large vein, such as the antecubital fossa, to minimize risk of extravasation. Give in D5W alone or D5W/NS injection. Use continuous infusion pump. irritation w/ extravasation, necrosis and gangrene secondary to extravasation.

59
Q

Beta Adrenergic

A

isoprterenol

60
Q

isoprterenol side effects

A

tachycardia, ventricular arrhythmias, palpitation, angina, pulmonary edema, dyspnea

61
Q

isoprterenol nursing considerations

A

Monitor pulse, BP
Assess for lung sounds
Monitor for arrhythmias

62
Q

vasodilator

A

nitroprusside

63
Q

nitroprusside side effects

A

hypotension, metabolic acidosis, ICP

64
Q

nitroprusside nursing considerations

A

Protect from light
Monitor BP, dyspnea
S/S of metabolic acidosis
Monitor for ICP

Pharmacology (5 decks)

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