Exam #3 Flashcards
what are positive symptoms of schizophrenia?
delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, grossly disorganized(hyperactive)
does schizophrenia have periods of remission?
yes
what is the symptom criteria for schizophrenia?
must have delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, with catatonic, disorganized, and negative symptoms for at least one month
what are the stages of schizophrenia?
premorbid, prodromal, active psychotic, and residual phase
what happens during the premorbid phase?
symptoms like shy, withdrawn, antisocial, poor school performance
hard to diagnose in this stage
what happens during the prodromal stage?
psychotic symptoms are frank, functional impairment, deterioration in role, social withdraw, sleep disturbance, anxiety, irritability, depression, fatigue, and poor concentration
what happens during the active psychotic phase?
positive and negative symptoms will be present…..delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, catatonic behavior….in this stage the patient should be admitted into the psychiatric unit
what are predisposing factors for schizophrenia?
genetics, biochem, viral infections, anatomical abnormalities in the brain, psychological factors, environmental influences, and theoretical integration
how can viral infections cause schizophrenia?
pre natal exposure to the flu virus
how can biochem cause schizophrenia?
too much dopamine activity
what anatomical abnormalities can cause schizophrenia?
reduction in the gray matter and size of hippocampus
what psychological factors can cause schizophrenia?
childhood trauma
what environmental factors can cause schizophrenia?
sociocultural factors, stressful life events, cannabis use in patients who are predisposed
what are the schizophrenic delusional disorders?
grandiose, jealous, persecutory, somatic, and mixed
what does the delusional disorder grandiose mean?
irrational ideas regarding worth, talent, knowledge, and power
what does the delusional disorder jealous mean?
irrational idea that their partner is unfaithful
what does the delusional disorder persecutory mean?
that they are being mistreated or spied on
what does the delusional disorder somatic mean?
irrational belief that he or she has some physical defect, disorder, or disease
what does the delusional disorder mixed mean?
it follows no single theme
what is brief psychotic disorder?
sudden onset of psychotic symptoms that last less than one month
what can cause brief psychotic disorder?
sudden psychosocial stressor or traumatic even
what is the treatment for brief psychotic disorder?
antipsychotics
what is substance and medication induced psychotic behavior?
prominent hallucination and delusions that can attributed to the effects of a drug
what do you to treat substance and medication induced psychotic behavior?
drug screen, give them fluids, and sedate
what is psychotic disorder due to another medical condition?
prominent hallucination and delusions that can attributed to a medical condition
what is the most common population to get medication induced psychotic disorder?
elderly
what can cause medication induced psychotic disorder?
labs being off or UTI
what is schizophreniform disorder?
same symptoms as schizophrenia and lasts between 1 and 6 montsh
what is schizoaffective disorder?
schizophrenia disorder accompanied with a mood disorder like mania, depression, bipolar
what are positive symptoms?
delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thought/speech, and bizarre behaviors
do atypicals treat positive or negative symptoms?
positive symptoms and negative
do typicals treat positive or negative symptoms?
negative symptoms
what are negative symptoms?
flat affect, reduced social interaction, anhedonia, avolition, alogia, catatonia
what are some examples of alterations in thought?
ideas of thought, persecution, grandeur, somatic delusions, jealousy, being controlled, thought broadcasting, thought withdrawal, religiosity, and magical thinking
what does alterations in ideas of thought mean?
misconstrues trivial events and attaches personal significance to them
what does alterations in persecution mean?
feels singled out for harm by others
what does alterations in grandiosity mean?
thinks they are powerful and important
what does alterations in somatic delusions mean?
thinks that their body is changing in an abnormal way…..growing a third arm
what does alterations in jealousy mean?
thinks that their partner is sexually involved with someone
what does alterations in being controlled mean?
that their thoughts are being controlled by someone else
what does thought broadcasting mean?
thinks that their ideas can be heard by others
what does thought withdrawal mean?
thinks their thoughts have been removed from their brain
what does religiosity mean?
obsessed with religious beliefs
what does magical thinking mean?
thinks that their actions can control a situation…wearing a hat makes them invisible
what is associative looseness?
inability to concentrate on a single though
what is noelogisms?
make up words
what is echolalia?
the client repeats specific words that they have heard
what is clang association?
meaningless rhyming of words
what is tangentiality?
inability to get to the point of communication due to the introduction of many new topics
what is word salad?
words jumbled together with little meaning or significance to the listener
what are auditory hallucinations?
hallucinations you can hear
what are visual hallucinations?
hallucinations that you can see
what are tactile hallucinations?
hallucinations that you can feel
what are gustatory hallucinations?
hallucinations that you can tast
what are olfactory hallucinations?
hallucinations that you can smell
illusions???
what is echopraxia?
copying what they observe
what is depersonalization?
feelings of unreality….lost identity
what is derealization?
perception that the environment has changed
what is identification and limitation?
taking on the form of behavior that they observed someone doing….copy cat
what does apathy mean?
lack of interest in their environment
what alteration in behavior do schizophrenics experience?
flat affect, apathy, agitation, pacing, robot like, stupor, catatonia, impaired impulse control, avolition, anhedonia, and deteriorated apperance
what does stupor mean?
motionless coma-like state
what does catatonia mean?
inability to move normal
what does avolition mean?
inability to initiate a plan to reach a goal
what does anhedonia mean?
inability to experience pleasure
how are some things schizophrenics do socially?
isolate, withdraw, not trust
what do you do when your patient is experiencing hallucinations/dellusions?
be accepting but orient back to reality
in regard to violence, what interventions can do for schizophrenics?
low stimulus, removing dangerous objects, intervene when signs appear
in general, what are some goals for schizophrenic patients?`
decrease anxiety, build trust, define reality, interact with others, safety, hygiene, and adaptive family coping
what are SMART goals
Specific, measurable, attainable, realistic, and have a time``
what type of therapies might schizophrenics attend?
individual, group and behavioral
what training might schizophrenics be apart of to help them socially?
social skills training, family therapy, and assertive community treatment
what is social skills training?
use of role play to help the patient understand eye contact, personal space, voice notation, posture etc
what is family therapy for schizophrenics?
helps family members cope and understand the illenss
what is assertive community treatment for schizophrenics?
care team comes to the patient home and does treatment there
what medications are used to treat schizophrenia?
antipsychotics
what are the two kinds of antipsychotics?
typical and atypical